UML COM+ Delphi 网络在线考试系统.doc

分布式网络考试系统原型分析及实现/火焰晨晨-1-分分布布式式网网络络考考试试系系统统原原型型分分析析及及实实现现计算机中心：火焰晨晨指导老师：*摘要软件工程在现代软件开发中的作用越来越大，并且发展出了很多行之有效的软件工程方法和建模语言。UML（UnifiedModelingLanguage，统一建模语言）是一种非常流行的，支持面对对象建模方法的建模语言。到今天UML差不多已经成为建模语言的事实标准。本文就采用面对对象的方法以UML为建模语言，使用PowerDesigner这个case工具分析设计一个分布式的B/S结构的基于COM+和XML的网络考试系统。并使用Delphi、VBScript、ADO、XML、HTML等编程工具、语言和技术实现了这个系统。关键词：UMLCOM+DelphiASPADOXMLAbstractSoftwareEngineeringisincreasinglyimportantinthenmodernsoftwaredevelopment.Todaytherearemanyfunctionsandmanysoftwareengineeringmethods.TheUML(UnifiedModelingLanguage)isoneofthey.Inaddition,itsapopularandObject-Orientedbasedmodellanguage.TheUMLhasalmostbeentheinternationalstandardofmodellanguage.UsingObject-OrientedModelandUMLbycasetoolsofPowerDesigner,thepaperdesignsadistributedB/Sconstructedonlinetestsystem,whichisbasedonCOM+andXML.Inordertorealizethesystemalotsoftoolsandprogramlanguagesareused,suchasDelphi,VBScript,ADO,XML,andHTMLetc.KeyWords：UMLCOM+DelphiASPADOXML分布式网络考试系统原型分析及实现/火焰晨晨-2-目录分布式网络考试系统原型分析及实现················································11.问题定义·····················································································42.需求分析·····················································································42.1.系统目标···········································································42.2.可行性分析········································································42.2.1.现有的数据库应用程序的分层结构····································42.2.1.1.传统二层结构·····················································42.2.1.2.三层数据库应用结构············································52.2.1.3.多层分布式数据库系统·········································52.2.2.网络分布式多层应用系统················································62.2.3.XML语言····································································72.3.本系统的方案选择·······························································82.4.建模工具的选择··································································83.基于UML的系统分析····································································83.1.用例图··············································································83.1.1.用户关系图··································································83.1.2.系统用例图··································································93.1.3.用例图利用情况清单······················································93.2.顺序图············································································103.2.1.老师活动顺序图··························································103.2.2.学生活动顺序图··························································113.2.3.动作清单···································································113.2.4.通讯清单···································································123.3.类图···············································································133.3.1.类图一·······································································133.3.2.类图二·······································································133.3.3.类清单·······································································143.3.4.类方法清单································································143.4.网站页面布置图································································164.数据库的分析设计·······································································174.1.数据库概念模型（ConceptualDataModel）·····························174.1.1.图·············································································174.1.2.资料清单···································································174.1.3.实体清单···································································184.1.4.实体的识别字清单·······················································184.1.5.关系清单···································································194.2.数据库物理模型（PhysicalDataModel）································194.2.1.图·············································································194.2.2.物理模型栏位清单·······················································194.2.3.表格索引清单·····························································204.2.4.表格引键清单·····························································21分布式网络考试系统原型分析及实现/火焰晨晨-3-4.2.5.参考清单···································································214.2.6.表格清单···································································214.3.SQL语句········································································215.系统实现···················································································265.1.开发平台的选择································································265.2.编程工具的选择································································275.3.XML和网页编辑工具的选择···············································275.4.系统编码·········································································275.4.1.源程序文件清单··························································275.4.1.1.网站文件清单：················································275.4.1.2.COM+组件源程序文件清单·································285.4.2.程序核心代码·····························································285.4.2.1.学生进行考试页面的XLST文件：Testing.xsl··········285.4.2.2.定制ASP对象主代码·········································325.4.2.3.学生对象COM+组件主代码································395.4.2.4.老师对象COM+组件主代码································475.4.2.5.管理员COM+组件主代码···································475.4.3.程序运行截图·····························································475.4.3.1.登录页面（系统主界面）····································475.4.3.2.学生维护页主界面·············································475.4.3.3.学生修改个人资料页面·······································475.4.3.4.学生查询成绩页面·············································475.4.3.5.学生参加考试页面·············································475.4.3.6.进行考试页面···················································475.4.3.7.老师维护页主界面·············································475.4.3.8.老师生成试卷页面·············································475.4.3.9.老师修改个人资料页面·······································475.4.3.10.管理员维护页主界面··········································475.4.3.11.管理员增加老师页面··········································475.4.3.12.管理员增加学生页面··········································475.4.3.13.管理员修改密码页面··········································476.系统安装分发·············································································486.1.数据库的设置···································································486.2.配置COM+环境·······························································496.3.IIS的配置·······································································506.4.注意事项·········································································507.系统不足与展望··········································································508.致谢·························································································519.参考文献···················································································51分布式网络考试系统原型分析及实现/火焰晨晨-4-1.问题定义现在网络正在改变着传统的教育方式，网络教育也越来越多，就算是传统的教育方式下，把考试搬到网络上也是一种趋势。考试的无纸化网络化不仅能有效减少老师的工作量，很好的利用计算机的优势，提高工作效率，也能使考试更加公平、公正。所以就一定要构建一个性能良好安全可靠的可以满足大量学生同时使用的网络考试系统。本原型系统主要功能如下：1.学生可以在网上进行考试，考试结束后由计算机批改试题给出分数，并记录成绩。2.学生在还可以在网上查询自己的考试成绩，修改密码等个人资料。3.老师可以在网上出题，修改密码等个人资料。4.管理员可以在网上建立学生、老师等用户。2.需求分析2.1.系统目标本网络考试系统应该能满足学校几千学生在任何地方、任何时间都能参加考试。本系统要让学生、老师和管理员在网络上可以维护自己的个人资料。学生也可以在网络上通过本系统查询自己考试的成绩；老师能通过网络生成试卷；管理员在网络上通过本系统增加学生和老师；另外为了让考试比较公平，试卷的试题由计算机随机从题库抽取。2.2.可行性分析2.2.1.现有的数据库应用程序的分层结构2.2.1.1.传统二层结构传统的二层式程序，也就是客户/服务器（Client/Server）结构，这种程序相对简单、清楚、开发容易，其结构如图1。客户机都通过网络连接到同一个数据库上，不过这样结构问题很多，最主要的就是性能较差维护困难已经不适应在因特网（Internet）上使用。数据同一性和完整性难以控制。同时由于每一个客户机都必须安装特定的软件，且这种客户端软件体积还比较大，用户使用起来非常不方便，所以目前已经面临淘汰。不过这样的系统开发比较简单，对开发人员的技术要求也不高，在内部局域网上使用还有一定的市场。