柴油机高压油泵设计毕业论文.doc

辽宁工程技术大学毕业设计（论文）1目录前言··················································································································11国内外柴油机的发展概况··············································································21.1国外柴油机的发展概况···············································································21.2国内柴油机的发展概况···············································································32柴油机的工作原理·························································································52.1四行程柴油机的工作原理···········································································52.2二行程柴油机的工作原理···········································································63柴油机的燃油供给系统·················································································83.1概述·············································································································83.2柴油机对燃油供给系统的要求···································································93.3柴油机燃油供给系统的功用和组成····························································93.4柴油机高压油泵··························································································93.4.1柱塞式喷油泵··························································································104高压油泵的系列化与工作能力的评价指标···················································154.1最大循环供油量maxV···················································································154.2最大平均供油速率maxQ···············································································154.3最大许用泵端压力maxpP··············································································164.4高压油泵最高工作转速maxpn······································································165柴油机高压油泵设计要求及主要参数的确定···············································185.1柴油机高压油泵的设计要求······································································185.2柴油机主要参数的确定··············································································18郑京浩：柴油机高压油泵设计25.2.1柱塞直径pd和有效供油行程eh································································185.2.2凸轮最大升程和预行程的确定································································206喷油特性对柴油机性能的影响·····································································226.1喷油压力····································································································226.2喷油与供油提前角，喷油持续期·······························································226.3高压油泵的速度特性及其校正··································································246.4喷油规律对柴油机性能的影响··································································257柴油机的优越性分析和环保措施··································································267.1柴油机相对于汽油机的优点······································································267.2柴油机的环保措施·····················································································27结论·················································································································29致谢·················································································································30参考文献··········································································································31摘要柴油机是中国机械行业的一个十分重要的行业，它已经成为汽车、农业机械、工程机械、船舶、内燃机车、地质和石油钻机、军用、通用设备、移动和备用电站等装备的主要配套动力，柴油机是目前产业化应用的各种动力机械中热效率最高、能量利用率最好、最节能的机型。柴油机的燃油系统中，高压油泵是极其重要的一个部分。只有在高压油泵正常的供油条件下，柴油机才能正常地工作，为此人们常把喷油泵称作柴油机的心脏。本文主要对国内外柴油机发展现状、趋势以及四行程和二行程柴油机的工作原理进行了阐述，介绍了柴油机高压油泵的燃料供给系统的功用和组成，还对高压油泵的系列化与辽宁工程技术大学毕业设计（论文）3工作能力的评价指标简单地叙述，提供了设计S195柴油机高压油泵的一些必要参数和喷油特性对柴油机性能的影响，以及柴油机相对与汽油机的优点和环保措施。关键词：柴油机；燃油系统；高压油泵；节能概要機関中国機械専門職中非常重要専門職、既自動車、農業機械、機械類、船、機関車、地質石油鋭機械、軍用、通用設備、移動予備発電所最重要力。機関現在工業生産適用各動力機械中熱効率最高、利用率最、最節約。機関重油、威圧油非常重要部分。高圧油正常供給条件下、機関正常働事。、人、威圧油機関心臓呼。郑京浩：柴油机高压油泵设计4本文主国内外発展現況大勢四行程二行程工作原理対説明、威圧油燃料供給効用組成紹介、威圧油対化工作能力評価指標簡単述懐、S195威圧油設計必要提供噴油特性対影響、対長所環境保護紹介。：機関；重油；威圧油；節約前言1897年左右，德国工程师鲁道夫·迪塞尔首先制成了柴油机，即向气缸内充入空气，并将其压缩到温度高于燃料的自然点，随后将燃料喷入气缸内自然并推动活塞做功。目前，柴油机的发展日趋完善，广泛用于工业、农业、交通运输及国防各个领域，现代工程机械也多以柴油机为动力源1。近10年来，中国在车用柴油机生产方面也取得了较快的发展。1991年车用柴油机生产量为11.7万台，只占车用发动机总产量16%；到2002年7月，这个比例提高到41%。在国家汽车工业“十五”规划中，国家规定提高柴油载货车、轻型柴油客车的比重，中型车要全部实现柴油化。柴油车占汽车总产量的比重从2000年的29.7%提高到35%左右。众所周知，喷油系统是柴油机的心脏，是决定柴油机各项性能的关键部件，只有深入了解其结构原理，掌握丰富的实践经验，才能正确调试，合理匹配，使柴油机获得良好的综合性能指标2。