四缸汽油机的曲柄连杆机构分析设计说明书.doc

黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计I摘要本文以捷达EA113汽油机的相关参数作为参考，对四缸汽油机的曲柄连杆机构的主要零部件进行了结构设计计算，并对曲柄连杆机构进行了有关运动学和动力学的理论分析与计算机仿真分析。首先，以运动学和动力学的理论知识为依据，对曲柄连杆机构的运动规律以及在运动中的受力等问题进行详尽的分析，并得到了精确的分析结果。其次分别对活塞组、连杆组以及曲轴进行详细的结构设计，并进行了结构强度和刚度的校核。再次，应用三维CAD软件：Pro/Engineer建立了曲柄连杆机构各零部件的几何模型，在此工作的基础上，利用Pro/E软件的装配功能，将曲柄连杆机构的各组成零件装配成活塞组件、连杆组件和曲轴组件，然后利用Pro/E软件的机构分析模块(Pro/Mechanism)，建立曲柄连杆机构的多刚体动力学模型，进行运动学分析和动力学分析模拟，研究了在不考虑外力作用并使曲轴保持匀速转动的情况下，活塞和连杆的运动规律以及曲柄连杆机构的运动包络。仿真结果的分析表明，仿真结果与发动机的实际工作状况基本一致，文章介绍的仿真方法为曲柄连杆机构的选型、优化设计提供了一种新思路。关键词：发动机；曲柄连杆机构；受力分析；仿真建模；运动分析；Pro/E黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计IIABSTRACTThisarticlereferstobytheJeetaEA113gasolineenginesrelatedparameterachievement,ithascarriedonthestructuraldesigncomputionformainpartsofthecranklinkmechanisminthegasolineenginewithfourcylinders,andhascarriedontheoreticalanalysisandsimulationanalysisincomputerinkinematicsanddynamicsforthecranklinkmechanism.First,motionlawsandstressinmovementaboutthecranklinkmechanismareanalyzedindetailandthepreciseanalysisresultsareobtained.Nextseparatelytothepistongroup,thelinkageaswellasthecrankcarriesonthedetailedstructuraldesign,andhascarriedonthestructuralstrengthandtherigidityexamination.Oncemore,applysthree-dimensionalCADsoftwarePro/Engineerestablishingthegeometrymodelsofallkindsofpartsinthecranklinkmechanism,thenuseingthePro/Esoftwareassemblingfunctionassemblesthecomponentsofcranklinkintothepistonmodule,theconnectingrodmoduleandthecrankmodule,thenusingPro/Esoftwaremechanismanalysismodule(Pro/Mechanism),establishesthemulti-rigiddynamicsmodelofthecranklink,andcarriesonthekinematicsanalysisandthedynamicsanalysissimulation,anditstudiesthepistonandtheconnectingrodmovementruleaswellascranklinkmotiongearmovementenvelopment.Theanalysisofsimulationresultsshowsthatthosesimulationresultsaremeettotrueworkingstateofengine.Italsoshowsthatthesimulationmethodintroducedherecanofferanewefficientandconvenientwayforthemechanismchoosingandoptimizeddesignofcrank-connectingrodmechanisminengine.Keywords:Engine；Crankshaft-ConnectingRodMechanism；AnalysisofForce；ModelingofSimulation；MovementAnalysis；Pro/E黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计目录摘要·············································································································IAbstract·······································································································II第1章绪论································································································11.1选题的目的和意义··············································································11.2国内外的研究现状··············································································11.3设计研究的主要内容···········································································3第2章曲柄连杆机构受力分析··································································42.1曲柄连杆机构的类型及方案选择···························································42.2曲柄连杆机构运动学···········································································42.1.1活塞位移·················································································52.1.2活塞的速度··············································································62.1.3活塞的加速度···········································································62.2曲柄连杆机构中的作用力····································································72.2.1气缸内工质的作用力·································································72.2.2机构的惯性力···········································································72.3本章小结·························································································14第3章活塞组的设计···············································································153.1活塞的设计······················································································153.1.1活塞的工作条件和设计要求······················································153.1.2活塞的材料············································································163.1.3活塞头部的设计······································································163.1.4活塞裙部的设计······································································213.2活塞销的设计··················································································233.2.1活塞销的结构、材料·······························································233.2.2活塞销强度和刚度计算····························································233.3活塞销座·························································································243.3.1活塞销座结构设计··································································24黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计3.3.2验算比压力············································································243.4活塞环设计及计算············································································253.4.1活塞环形状及主要尺寸设计······················································253.4.2活塞环强度校核······································································253.5本章小结·························································································26第4章连杆组的设计···············································································274.1连杆的设计······················································································274.1.1连杆的工作情况、设计要求和材料选用······································274.1.2连杆长度的确定······································································274.1.3连杆小头的结构设计与强度、刚度计算······································274.1.4连杆杆身的结构设计与强度计算···············································304.1.5连杆大头的结构设计与强度、刚度计算······································334.2连杆螺栓的设计···············································································354.2.1连杆螺栓的工作负荷与预紧力··················································354.2.2连杆螺栓的屈服强度校核和疲劳计算·········································354.3本章小结·························································································36第5章曲轴的设计···················································································375.1曲轴的结构型式和材料的选择····························································375.1.1曲轴的工作条件和设计要求······················································375.1.2曲轴的结构型式······································································375.1.3曲轴的材料············································································375.2曲轴的主要尺寸的确定和结构细节设计···············································385.2.1曲柄销的直径和长度·······························································385.2.2主轴颈的直径和长度·······························································385.2.3曲柄······················································································395.2.4平衡重··················································································395.2.5油孔的位置和尺寸··································································405.2.6曲轴两端的结构······································································405.2.7曲轴的止推············································································405.3曲轴的疲劳强度校核·········································································415.3.1作用于单元曲拐上的力和力矩··················································41