基于单片机的红外遥控密码锁的设计说明书.doc
黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计1目录摘要····································································································································ABSTRACT·························································································································第1章绪论··························································································································11.1前言··································································································································11.2选题背景及研究的目的与意义·····················································································21.3红外遥控密码锁国内外研究现状及存在问题·····························································31.4研究方法·························································································································3第2章密码锁的整体设计······························································································42.1密码锁的结构与组成·····································································································42.2密码锁的工作原理·········································································································72.3本章小结·························································································································5第3章系统硬件电路设计······························································································83.1单片机AT89C51简介···································································································93.2红外发射与接收装置·····································································································93.3各类模块器件功能·······································································································133.4本章小结·······················································································································14第4章系统软件设计······································································································184.1遥控发射部分程序设计·······························································································204.2主机接收部分程序设计·······························································································204.3数据处理·······················································································································244.4本章小结·······················································································································27结论·········································································································································28参考文献·······························································································································29黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计2致谢·········································································································································30附录·········································································································································31摘要随着21世纪到来,社会日益科技化,各种电子信息技术进入高速发展阶段,包括信息系统技术微电子、计算机和现代通信技术、传感器技术,这也包括红外线技术,红外线是一种人的肉眼看不见的光线,最近二三十年来,初露头角的红外技术,在各个领域里获得了广泛的应用。开始应用到生产上,并形成了一门崭新的技术红外技术。本设计针对传统机械锁的不足而设计的通过红外来控制的密码锁,主要利用单片机AT89S51来实现红外遥控密码锁的设计并在PROTEUS软件上实现仿真。红外遥控密码锁是将红外遥控技术和单片机技术应用相结合的一种。红外电子密码锁能实现多种控制功能,有较好的市场发展。针对传统的机械锁的各种缺点和重要部门安全性,设计了一种红外遥控电子密码锁,可以满足安全方面的要求。电路主要由红外线编码电路、红外线电路、掉电保护电路、声光提示报警电路、键盘及显示电路组成。系统能完成开锁、出错报警、修改用户密码等基本功能,并且能实现遥控、掉电存储等电子密码锁。关键词:单片机;红外技术;遥控;密码锁;PROTEUS仿真黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计3ABSTRACTWiththeadventofthe21stcentury,anincreasinglytechnologicalsociety,allkindsofelectronicinformationtechnologiestospeedthedevelopmentstage,includinginformationsystemstechnologyinmicroelectronics,computersandmoderncommunicationtechnology,sensortechnology,whichalsoincludesinfraredtechnology,infraredisamanThenakedeyecannotseethelight,therecent23years,buddinginfraredtechnology,invariousfieldshasbeenwidelyapplied.Appliedtotheproductionbegan,andformedanewtechnology-infraredtechnology.Thedesignforthelackoftraditionalmechanicallockdesignedtocontrolbyinfraredlock,themainadvantageofinfraredremotecontrolMCUAT89S51lockstoachievethedesignandimplementationinthePROTEUSsimulationsoftware.Theelectronicpasswordlockisbasedoninfraredremotecontrol.Itisthedesignofcombiningtechnicalapplicationofthemicro-controlunitwithinfraredremotecontroltechnology.Alotoffunctionsareaccomplishedandithasgoodmarketperspectiveandthevalueoftechnicalapplication.Thiselectronicpasswordlocknotonlymeetssafetyrequirements,butalsobeabletoadapttotheneedsinsomespecialenvironment.Thecircuitofpasswordlockconsistsofinfra-redcodingcircuit,infrareddecodercircuit,theprotectingcircuitofdropelectricity,soundandlightalarmcircuit,thekeyboardsanddisplaycircuit.Thissystemhasthebasicfunctionofopeningthelock,alarmingtheerrorpromptandmodifyingthepasswordoftheusersaswellasthefunctionofremotecontrol,protectingdropelectricityandsaving,thehintofsoundandlightetc.Keywords:microcontroller;infraredtechnology;remotecontrol;passwordlock;PROTEUSsimulation黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计4第1章绪论1.1前言随着人们生活的不断进步,社会日益科技化,各种电子信息技术进入高速发展阶段,包括信息系统技术微电子、计算机和现代通信技术、传感器技术,这也包括红外线技术。红外线IrDA,简称IR,是一种点对点的无线通讯方式,只能进行短距离的无线数据的传输,且中间不能有障碍物。红外线又称红外光波,在电磁波谱中,光波的波长范围为0.01um1000um;波长为0.76um1000um的光波为红外光(线),红外线遥控是利用近红外光传送遥控指令的,波长为0.76um1.5um;用近红外作为遥控光源,是因为目前红外发射器件与红外接收器件的发光与受光峰值波长一般为0.8um0.94um,在近红外光波段内,二者的光谱正好重合,能够很好地匹配,可以获得较高的传输效率及较高的可靠性。目前红外线得到了很普片的应用,如红外线鼠标,红外线打印机,红外线键盘等等。本论文设计的是基于S51单片机的红外遥控密码锁。该锁采用6位数作为密码,红外遥控密码锁的应用研究主要应用了单片机的编程进行红外的编码与解码,并通过单片机实现密码的设置、修改及识别功能。红外通讯,顾名思义,就是通过红外线传输数据。在电脑技术发展早期,数据都是通过线缆传输的,线缆传输连线麻烦,需要特制接口,颇为不便。于是后来就有了了红外、蓝牙、等无线数据传输技术。红外通讯技术利用红外线来传递数据,是无线通讯技术的一种。红外线的特征:红外传输是一种点对点的传输方式,无线,不能离的太远,要对准方向,且中间不能有障碍,由于红外线的直射特性,红外通讯技术不太适合传输障碍比较多的地方。因此,红外通讯技术多数情况下传输距离短、传输速率不高。密码锁产生也是经历了一些阶段的,有传统的机械密码锁,电子密码锁,数字密码锁等。随着科学技术的发展,一些以芯片特别是单片机为处理核心的新型密码锁开始不断出现。电子密码锁是一种通过密码输入来控制电路或是芯片工作,从而控制机械开关的闭合,完成开锁、闭锁等任务。本论文就以AT89S51单片机设计了一个红外遥控密码锁。在Proteus软件上进行仿真,时鲜本设计的功能。Proteus软件是一种低投资的电子设计自动化软件,提供可仿真数字和模拟、交流和直流等数千种元器件和多达30