气缸体专用平面磨床设计说明书.doc

黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计I黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计I摘要用磨料磨具（砂轮、砂带、油石和研磨料等）为工具进行切削加工的机床，统称为磨床，它们是因精加工和硬表面的需要而发展起来的。随着机械产品精度、可靠性和寿命的要求不断提高以及新型材料的应用增多，磨削加工技术正朝着超硬度磨料磨具、开发精密及超精密磨削（从微米、亚微米磨削向纳米磨削发展）和研制高精度、高刚度、多轴的自动化磨床等方向发展4，如用于超精密磨削的树脂结合剂砂轮的金刚石磨粒平均半径可小至4m、磨削精度高达0.025m。本课题是对设计一台气缸体表面加工用的专用磨床，气缸体作为重要的工艺要求精密的零部件，其外表面的粗糙度一直是制约产品质量的一个瓶颈问题，如何能使气缸体的表面粗糙度和平面度达到技术要求。关键词：磨床；平面磨床；专用磨床；磨削加工；气缸体黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计IIABSTRACTAbrasives(grindingwheels,abrasivebelt,Whetstone,andabrasive,etc.)asatoolcuttingmachinetools,collectivelyknownasthegrinder,theyaredevelopedduetotheneedoffinishingandhardsurfaces.Withmechanicalprecision,reliabilityandlifetimerequirementsofcontinuousimprovementandincreasedapplicationofnewmaterials,grindingtechnologyismovingintheultra-hardnessofabrasives,thedevelopmentofsophisticatedandultra-precisiongrinding(grindingtomicron,submicronnano-grindingdevelopment)andthedevelopmentofhighaccuracy,highstiffness,andmulti-axisautomationgrinderdirection4,suchasforultra-precisiongrindingresincombinedwiththeaverageradiusofthediamondgritgrindingwheelcanbeassmallas4m,grindingaccuracyofupto0.025m.Thistopicisaspecialgrinder,withthesurfacefinishofthedesignofacylinderblockandcylinderblockasanimportantprocessrequirementsofprecisionparts,theoutersurfaceroughnesshasbeenabottleneckrestrictingthequalityofproducts,howtomakethecylinderblock.surfaceroughnessandflatnessofthetechnicalrequirements.Keywords:grinder；surfacegrinder；specialgrinder；grinding；cylinderblock黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计III目录摘要···························································································XLIVABSTRACT·······················································································XLIV第1章绪论························································································V1.1磨床的类型与用途··········································································V1.1.1磨床的类型及其特点······························································V1.1.2磨床的用途··········································································VI1.1.3平面磨削和端面平面磨床·······················································VI1.2磨床的现状及其发展趋势······························································VIII第2章总体结构设计···········································································X2.1基本参数和设计内容·······································································X2.2磨床总体设计·················································································X2.3总体设计注意事项·········································································XI第3章磨床总体布局设计··································································XI3.1加工零件······················································································XI3.2初步估计组成部分·········································································XI3.3总体布局初步设计·········································································XI3.4纵向与横向尺寸的确定··································································XII3.5砂轮架相关尺寸设计····································································XIV3.6头架相关尺寸的确定···································································XVII3.7尾架相关尺寸的确定···································································XVII3.8工作台·····················································································XVIII3.9横向进给机构············································································XVIII3.10砂轮修整器·············································································XVIII3.11液压系统·················································································XVIII3.12电气部分················································································XVIII3.13机床保护系统··········································································XVIII