高尔夫球车后桥主减速器设计说明书.doc

摘要高尔夫球车后桥（驱动桥）作为汽车四大总成之一，它承载着高尔夫球车的满载荷负重及地面经车轮、车架及承载式车身经悬架给予的铅垂力、纵向力、横向力及其力矩，以及冲击载荷；后桥（驱动桥）还传递着传动系中的最大转矩，桥壳还承受着反作用力矩。高尔夫球车驱动桥结构型式和设计参数除对汽车的可靠性与耐久性有重要影响外，也对汽车的行驶性能如动力性、经济性、平顺性、通过性、机动性和操动稳定性等有直接影响。另外，高尔夫球车驱动桥在汽车的各种总成中也是涵盖机械零件、部件、分总成等的品种最多的大总成。例如，驱动桥包含主减速器、差速器、驱动车轮的传动装置（半轴及轮边减速器）、桥壳和各种齿轮。由上述可见，高尔夫球车驱动桥设计涉及的机械零部件及元件的品种极为广泛，对这些零部件、元件及总成的制造也几乎要涉及到所有的现代机械制造工艺。本文参照传统驱动桥的设计方法进行了高尔夫球车驱动桥的设计。本文首先确定主要部件的结构型式和主要设计参数；然后参考类似驱动桥的结构，确定出总体设计方案；最后对一二级主，从动圆柱齿轮，半轴齿轮和全浮式半轴强度进行校核以及对支承轴承进行了寿命校核。本设计有以下两大难题，一是将发动机输出扭矩通过万向传动轴将动力传递到后轮子上，达到更好的车轮牵引力与转向力的有效发挥，从而提高载重汽车的行驶能力。二是差速器向两边半轴传递动力的同时，允许两边半轴以不同的转速旋转，满足两边车轮尽可能以纯滚动的形式作不等距行驶，减少轮胎与地面的摩擦。本设计具有以下的优点：由于的是采用二级圆柱斜齿轮主减速器，使得整个后桥的结构简单，制造工艺简单，从而大大的降低了制造成本。并且，提高了传动的可靠性。本设计的最大特点是：主减速器是采用传统的圆柱斜齿轮减速器，与其他的齿轮相比，具有工作平稳，噪音和振动小的优点，且经济性好。关键词：高尔夫球车；后桥；二级主减速器；圆柱斜齿轮SummaryThebridge(drivebridge)isacarafterthegolfcarfourgreatlyalwaysbecomeofa,itloadsthecapacityloadlotusofgolfcarnegativeheavyandgroundthroughcarwheel,carandloadingtypecarriagethroughhangtheverticaldintthatgives,lengthwaysdint,horizontaldintanditsdintJu,andtheimpactcarriesalotus；Theempressbridge(drivebridge)stilldeliverstospreadtomovetofastenmediumbiggestturnJu,thebridgehullstillbearsrecoilJu.Thegolfcardrivesbridgestructurepatternandinadditiontohavingimportantinfluencetothecredibilityanddurableofthecar,designparameteralsotodrivingofcarthefunctionislikemotive,economy,goingsmoothlyandpasssex,flexibilityandholdtomovestabilityetc.tocontaindirectinfluence.Moreover,thegolfcardrivesbridgeinthecarofvariousalwaysbecomeinisalsothatthespeciesthatcoversmachinespareparts,partsandcenttoalwaysbecomeetc.isatmostgreatlytotal.Forexample,drivebridgecontainment,thelorddeceleratesamachine,badsoonmachine,drivefelloetospreadtomovedevice(halfstalkandroundsidedeceleratemachine),bridgehullandvariouswheelgear.Fromabove-mentioneditisthusclearthat,thegolfcardrivesthespeciesofmachinezeropartsesandcomponentsthatthebridgedesigninvolvesextremelyextensive,alsoalmostwanttoinvolveallmodernmachinemanufacturingsacrafttothesezeropartses,componentsandthemanufacturingalwaysbecoming.Thistextaccordingtothedesignmethodthatthetraditiondrivesbridgedtocarryonthedesignthatthegolfcardrivesbridge.Thistextmakessurethestructurepatternandmaindesignparameterofmainpartsfirst；Thenmakereferencetosimilardrivethestructureofbridge,makesureatotaldesignofofproject；Finallyto12classlords,frommovecylinderwheelgear,halfstalkthewheelgearandthewholefloattypehalfstalkstrengthcarryonpitintheschoolandacceptbearingstocarryonpitinthelifespanschooltowardspaying.Thisdesigncontainsfollowingtwogreatesthardnuttocrackses,oneistwistmotorexportationtheJupasstenthousandtospreadtomovestalktodeliverthemotivetobehindwheelup,attainbettercarwheeltoleaddintwithchangedirectioneffectiveexertionofdint,thusexaltationcarryheavycarofdriveability.Twoisbadsoonwhilemachineisdeliveringmotivetowardthebothsideshalfstalk,allowbothsideshalfstalkwithdissimilarityofturntosoonrevolve,satisfybothsidescarwheelpossiblywithpurelyrolloveroftheformmakenotetc.beapartfromtodrive,reducethefrictionoftireandground.Thisdesignhasafollowingadvantage:Becauseofisadoptasecondclasscylinderwheelgearlordtodecelerateamachineandmakewholeafterthestructureofthebridgesimple,manufacturingthecraftissimpleandthusandconsumedlyloweredamanufacturingcost.And,raisedtospreaddynamiccredibility.Thebiggestcharacteristicsofthisdesignis:Thelorddecelerationmachineadoptstraditionalcylinderwheelgeartodecelerateamachineandhavetoworkcomparedwithotherwheelgearssteady,noiseandvibrateasmalladvantage,andeconomygood.Keyword:Golfcar；Empressbridge；Thesecondclasslorddeceleratesamachine；Cylinderwheelgear目录前言.51高尔夫球车发展简介.61.1.1国内电动车行业发展现状.61.1.2国内电动车行业发展前景.72主减速器设计.92.1主减速器的结构形式.92.1.1主减速器的齿轮类型.92.1.2主减速器的减速形式.102.1.3主减速器主，从动锥齿轮的支承形式.102.2主减速器的基本参数选择与设计计算.102.2.1电机的选择.102.2.2主减速器传动装置的总传动比及其分配.112.2.3主减速器传动装置的运动和动力参数计算.122.2.4主减速器圆柱齿轮零件的设计计算.132.2.5主减速器轴的设计及其计算.212.2.6主减速器轴承寿命的校核.342.2.7润滑与密封.37结论.39参考文献.40致谢.41