[优秀毕业设计精品] 载重车十吨桥空气悬架开发设计.doc

本科毕业论文（设计）-1-载重车十吨桥空气悬架开发设计摘要我国目前载重车支承桥配用的悬架基本上是钢板弹簧，只有少数的专用载重车才配置了空气悬架。相对于传统的机械钢板弹簧悬架来说，空气悬架具有乘坐更舒适安全、改善车辆的行驶平顺性等显著优点。对于我国汽车业而言，空气悬架项目不仅仅是一个难得的商机，更重要的是，谁先掌握了汽车空气悬架的开发技术，谁领先开发出配置空气悬架的成熟车型，谁就掌握了今后若干年内商用车市场的先机。本文针对空气悬架的开发设计，准备首先从传统的汽车部件设计方法出发。综合国内外典型的空气悬架设计方案，查阅汽车设计的相关标准，初步确定与悬架相关联的各零件的大致尺寸并初步确定其形状。然后分析各零件的受力情况，按照强度、刚度、疲劳理论进行校核、计算。在校核、计算的基础上，确定各零件的相对位置关系，并运用CATIA对空气悬架各零件进行建模和装配。为了能够直观的表示出零件的应力、应变，需要进行有限元分析。在分析的过程中，按照其实际工作中的约束和载荷状况对其进行加载和加约束。计算机自动计算后通过不同的方式观察其应力应变情况，再对零件图和装配图进行修改，直到得到满意的结果为止。设计好的悬架要能满足生产的需要，需要对各零件拟定合理的工艺路线。关键词空气悬架；CATIA；有限元分析；工艺路线本科毕业论文（设计）-2-TrucktentonbridgeAirSuspensionForkdevelopmentDesignAbstractOurcountrypresenttrucksupportingbridgeusesforpartsthesuspensionforkbasicallyisthespring,onlythentheminorityspecial-purposetruckhasonlythendisposedtheairsuspensionfork.Wasoppositeinthetraditionalmechanicalspringsuspensionfork,theairsuspensionforkhadwhiledoesnightwatchthecomfortablesecurity,toimprovevehiclessmoothrunningandsoonremarkablemerit.Speakingofourcountryautomobileindustry,theairsuspensionforkprojectisnotonlyarareopportunity,moreimportantly,whohasmasteredtheautomobileairsuspensionforkdevelopmenttechnologyfirst,whoisintheleaddevelopsthedispositionairsuspensionforkthematurevehicletype,whohasgraspednextwithinacertainnumberofyearscommercialvehiclemarkettakingtheinitiative.Thisarticleinviewoftheairsuspensionforksdevelopmentdesign,thepreparationfirstembarksfromthetraditionalautomobilepartdesignmethod.Synthesizesthedomesticandforeignmodelstheairsuspensionforkdesignproposal,consultstheautomobiledesigntherelatedstandard,thepreliminarydeterminationandthesuspensionforkareconnectedthevariouscomponentsapproximatesizeanddeterminesitsshapeinitially.Thenanalyzesvariouscomponentsthestresssituation,accordingtotheintensity,therigidity,thefatiguetheorycarriesontheexamination,thecomputation.Intheexaminationandcomputationfoundation,determinedthatvariouscomponentstherelativepositionrelations,andcarryonthemodellingandtheassemblyusingCATIAtoairsuspensionforkvariouscomponents.Forcanthedirect-viewingexpressioncomponentsstress,thestrain,needtocarryonthefiniteelementanalysis.Intheanalysisprocess,carriesontheloadaccordingtoitspracticalworksinrestraintandtheloadconditiontoitandaddstherestraint.Aftercomputerautomaticcomputation,observesitsstressstrain本科毕业论文（设计）-3-situationthroughthedifferentway,againmakestherevisiontothedetaildrawingandtheassemblydrawing,untilobtainssatisfactionresult.Designsthegoodsuspensionforktobeabletosatisfytheproductiontheneed,needstodrawupthereasonablecraftroutetovariouscomponents.KeyWordsAirsuspensionfork；CATIA；Finiteelementanalysis；Craftroute本科毕业论文（设计）-4-目录摘要.1Abstract.2第1章绪论.61.1国内外的研究现状.61.2空气悬架概述.71.3方案论证.101.4课题主要研究内容.12第2章空气悬架部件的设计.132.1辅助车架的设计计算.132.1.1辅助车架结构的选择.132.1.2车架的强度计算.142.2导向钢臂的设计计算.192.3空气弹簧的设计计算.212.4推力杆的设计计算.242.4.1纵向推力杆.242.4.2横向推力杆.252.5空气悬架装配图.262.6本章小结.27第3章有限元分析.283.1车架静力分析.283.2纵向推力杆静力分析.303.3导向钢臂静力分析.323.4横向推力杆静力分析.343.5本章小结.36第4章工艺路线的拟定.374.1空气弹簧上支座工艺路线.374.2横向推力杆支座工艺路线.384.3横向推力杆工艺路线.384.4导向钢臂工艺路线.384.5导向钢臂支座工艺路线.39