年产6000吨碳酸饮料工厂设计.doc

摘要摘要本设计介绍了碳酸饮料的市场情况，未来市场走向。进行了工厂选址、产品方案设计、生产工艺及论证，并以可乐型碳酸饮料为例进行了物料衡算、水电用量的估算、设备选型、劳动力估算、辅助部门设计。其中以生产工艺论证和车间布置为重点，对车间门、采光、楼盖、地坪、内墙面、柱子进行了设计。并据此绘出了工艺流程图、生产车间平面布置图、全厂布局图共3张。生产工艺采用先进技术和设备，使生产效率得到了提高，同时减少了劳动力。车间和全厂的布局都符合GMP卫生管理体系和HACCP质量管理体系。关键词：碳酸饮料；工艺论证；车间设计四川理工学院学士学位设计ABSTRACTThisdesigncontainsthemarketconditionsofcarbonateddrinksandthetoneofthemarketinthefuture.Siteselectionoffactory,thedesignofproducescheme,productiontechniqueandargumentationareallanalyzedinthispaper,furthermore,basedontheexampleofcarbonateddrinksofcolatypethispaperelaboratesthecalculationofmaterials,theestimationofwaterandelectricityconsumption,thetypeselectionofequipment,theestimationoflaborforceandthedesignofauxiliarydepartment,withemphasisonproductiontechniqueandplantarrangement.Inthispaperfourdesigndiagramsincludingprocessflowdiagram,thefloorplanofworkshop,thesectionaldrawingofworkshopandthelayoutdiagramoftheplantareplottedonthebasisofthedesignofthedoorofworkshop,delighting,floorsystem,ground,insidemetopeandpillar.Withtheadvancedtechniqueandequipment,theproductionefficiencyisimprovedandthelaborforceisreduced.ThelayoutofworkshopandplantcorrespondwithGMPhealthcaremanagementsystemandHACCPquality，managementsystem.KEYWORDS:carbonateddrinks；technologydemonstration；thedesignofworkshop目录目录摘要·································ABSTRACT································第1章绪论······························61.1碳酸饮料的现状··························61.2碳酸饮料的定义和分类·······················21.3碳酸饮料的负面影响························21.4设计目的·····························81.5设计依据·····························31.5.1根据计划任务书规定的产品品种、质量、规模进行设计······31.5.2主要设备的能力应与工厂规模相适应··············31.5.3合理的选择工艺流程和设备及设计指标·············31.5.4全面解决工厂生产、场外运输和各处物料储备的关系·······91.5.5注意考虑工厂建成后生产挖潜的可能和留有工厂发展余地·····41.5.6合理考虑机械化、自动化装备水平···············41.5.7注意环境保护、减少污染··················101.5.8方便施工、安装、方便生产、维修··············10第2章厂址选择和总平面设计······················112.1厂址选择····························112.1.1厂址选择应从以下几方面考虑·················62.1.2厂址选择报告的内容·····················72.1.3结合而论，厂址选择的原则可归纳为如下几项··········72.2厂址选择说明························132.3总平面设计··························82.3.1总平面设计的基本原则····················82.4总平面设计说明·························10第3章碳酸饮料工厂工艺设计······················173.1产品方案的要求·························173.2班产量的确定··························173.3碳酸饮料生产工艺流程······················183.3.1工艺流程说明·······················193.3.2碳酸饮料的质量指标····················2193.4生产物料衡算··························273.5设备选型····························283.5.1水处理设备························283.5.2暂存罐··························293.5.3不锈钢饮料泵·······················303.5.4化糖罐··························303.5.5硅藻土过滤器·······················31四川理工学院学士学位设计3.5.6糖浆调配罐························313.5.7真空脱气罐························313.5.8紫外线杀菌机·······················313.5.9二氧化碳净化器······················323.5.10冷却-混合-碳酸化联合机··················323.5.11全自动冲瓶灌装旋盖机···················333.5.12全自动瓶盖印码机·····················333.5.13单侧面加圆瓶贴标机····················333.5.14CIP清洗系统·······················333.6水电用量的计算·························293.6.1用水量计算························293.6.2用电量计算························353.7车间工艺布置··························353.7.1生产车间工艺布置的原则如下：···············353.7.2生产车间布置说明·····················353.7.3劳动力计算························37第4章辅助部门设计·························384.1仓库······························384.1.1原料仓库·························384.1.1包装材料仓库·······················384.1.3成品仓库·························394.2研发中心····························394.2.1研发中心的任务······················394.2.2研发中心的装备······················394.3品控中心····························404.3.1品控中心的任务······················404.3.2品控中心的组成······················404.3.3品控中心的装备······················404.3.4品控中心对建筑的要求···················414.4机修室·····························414.5全厂生活设施··························414.5.1办公楼··························414.5.2食堂···························424.5.3更衣室··························434.5.4浴室···························444.5.5厕所···························394.5.6员工宿舍·························394.5.7配电房··························394.5.8污水处理站························45第5章食品工厂卫生··························465.1厂、库环境卫生·························465.2厂、库设施卫生·························465.3加工卫生····························475.4厂区公共卫生··························47目录5.5车间卫生····························475.6常见的消毒方法·························485.6.1漂白粉溶液························485.6.2氢氧化钠溶液·······················485.6.3过氧乙酸·························485.6.4蒸汽和热水消毒······················495.6.5紫外线消毒························49第6章全厂总平面布置·························506.1厂区面积确定··························476.2厂区道路····························47第7章公共系统设计··························527.1给排水系统设计内容及所需的基础资料···············527.1.1设计所需基础资料·····················527.1.2设计注意事项·······················537.2排水系统····························537.2.1排水系统的组成······················537.2.2有关排水设计要点·····················537.3消防系统····························497.4供电系统····························497.4.1设计所需基础资料·····················557.4.2食品厂对供电的要求及措施·················507.4.3车间配电·························557.4.4供电系统说明·······················567.5供汽系统····························517.5.1锅炉房在厂区的位置····················567.5.1锅炉房的布置·······················56第8章废水处理····························588.1碳酸饮料废水的主要来源·····················538.2碳酸饮料废水的常用处理工艺及设施················53第9章结论······························619.1本设计的技术先进性与经济合理性·················569.2本设计存在的问题························56参考文献································62致谢·································63第1章绪论1第1章绪论1.1碳酸饮料的现状2009年受益于国家扩大内需政策的影响，我国软饮料行业保持了较高的发展速度，前11个月，各类软饮料生产7453万吨，预计全年产量能达到8100万吨，实现25%以上的增长，然而，随着居民消费结构的变化，市场对各种饮料的需求也发生着结构性改变，其中，作为软饮料中的份额“老大”，碳酸饮料生产上也出现了改变，虽然表面上碳酸饮料的市场容量比较平稳，但是占整个饮料大市场的百分比是逐年下滑的。今年前11个月，碳酸饮料累计生产1154.5万吨，同比增长11.3%，比软饮料总体平均增长率低了近14个百分点。碳酸饮料在整个饮料生产中的占比也由5年前的23%下降到今年的15%，份额下降了近10个百分点，各类新型饮料品种大行其道，特别是新型果汁饮料、茶饮料对碳酸饮料的传统市场冲击较大。碳酸饮料未来5年在中国市场的衰退已经无可挽回了，各类生产企业为了适应市场变化，在经营上也出现了一系列调整，可口可乐大力推出了自己的新型果汁饮料；百事可乐又裁员又换标，目的当然很明显，想借此抢占可口可乐的市场分额。未来几年的可乐大战，必定是精彩非凡，可惜国产品牌娃哈哈的非常可乐近几年悄无声息，新品咖啡可乐也没有抢到多少份额。从品牌格局上看，可乐市场三足鼎立的局面目前不会改变，而且各自市场份额在未来5年也不会发生大的变化，基本都同质化了，对手的招数也都互相比较了解了。总体是：可口可乐和百事可乐下不了乡，非常可乐进不了城。像崂山可乐等地方品牌短时间难成大气候。天府可乐如果能够顺利收回品牌所有权，由中粮之类的超大型国企来运营，有点希望成为地方强势品牌。雪碧比拼七喜，芬达对阵美年达，未来5年也都是维持目前的品牌格局。四川理工学院学士学位设计21.2碳酸饮料的定义和分类碳酸饮料是在一定条件下充入二氧化碳气的制品，是软饮料（非酒精饮料）的一种。它的主要成分为糖、色素、甜味剂、酸味剂、香料及碳酸水等，一般不含维生素，也不含矿物质。按照我国软饮料的分类标准，碳酸饮料（汽水）分为：果汁型碳酸饮料、果味型碳酸饮料、可乐型碳酸饮料和其他型碳酸饮料。1、果汁型：原果汁含量不低于2.5%的碳酸饮料，它除了具有相应水果所特有的色、香、味之外，还含有一定的营养，有利于身体健康。如橘汁汽水、柠檬汽水等。2、果味型：以食用香精为主要赋予香剂，以食用着色剂着色，原果汁含量低于2.5%的碳酸饮料，赋予一定的水果香型和色泽。如橘子汽水、菠萝汽水等。3、可乐型：特指含有焦糖色、可乐香精或类似可乐果和水果香型的辛香、果香混合剂的碳酸饮料。香气协调柔和，味感纯正、爽口，有清凉、刹口感，由于味道独特，含有咖啡因的产品同时具有提神作用，人们对这类产品往往有自己的偏爱，尤其可口可乐、百事可乐、非常可乐等知名品牌产品引导了消费方向。4、其他型：除上述三种类型以外的碳酸饮料，如苏打水、盐汽水以及含有非果实的植物提取或非果实的食用香精的碳酸饮料。如茶汁汽水等。1.3碳酸饮料的负面影响过量地喝碳酸饮料，其中的高磷可能会改变人体的钙、磷比例。研究人员还发现，与不过量饮用碳酸饮料的人相比，过量饮用碳酸饮料的人骨折危险会增加大约3倍；而在体力活动剧烈的同时，再过量地饮用碳酸饮料，其骨折的危险也可能增加5倍。专家提醒，儿童期、青春期是骨骼发育的重要时期。在这个时期，孩子们活动量大。如果食物中高磷低钙的摄入量不均衡，再加上喝过多的碳酸饮料，则要引起足够的重视。因为它不仅对骨峰量可能产生负面影响，还可能会给将来发生骨质疏松症埋下伏笔。因此，万事都得要有个“度”。一旦超过了这个“度”，再有丰富营养的食物也可能变成有害物或多余物，对人体不利；其次，适时补充一定数量的钙，还可减轻体内钙磷比例的失调。