U4句子成分定语状语.ppt

语法复习 句子成分,一、句子成分,（一）什么叫句子成分： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 （二）主要句子成分： 主要成分有主语和谓语； （三）次要句子成分： 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。,1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 3、宾语表示承受动词动作的对象,回答做的是“什么”,check,例句：全体同学都做完了语法作业。 全体同学都做完了语法作业。 = 同学做作业 划分句子成分一般先划出主、谓、宾；,表语,当谓语动词是系动词时 系动词之后的成分称为表语（而不是宾语）。,1）状态系动词：be，用来表示主语状态： He is a teacher. 2）持续系动词:keep, remain, stay, lie, stand 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度 He always kept silent at meeting. 3）表像系动词: seem, appear, look, 用来表示“看起来像”这一概念 He seems (to be) very sad.,4）感官系动词:feel, smell, sound, taste This kind of cloth feels very soft. 5）变化系动词: become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 表示主语变成什么样 The river became dry.,4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.,（不定式）,5.Smoking does harm to the health.,（动名词）,7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.,（主语从句）,（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）,4.The speech became exciting. （ing分词）,他给我一本书（双宾语） He gave me a book.,宾语补足语(补语),当一个宾语不足以表达完整的意思，补充说明的成分就是宾语补足语 The whole class elected him the monitor 当一个动词后可以有2个承受对象，称为双宾语,see 的宾补,I see him smoking.(see sb doing) He saw him repair the bike(see sb do) My mother saw all the clothes washed. (see sth done),状语 1. I am very pleased to see you. （程度） 2. I will be back in a while. (时间) 3. We go home twice a month. (频率),The meeting will be held in the meeting room. (地点) The meat went bad because of the hot weather. （原因） He studies hard to learn English well. （目的） He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam. （结果）,If you study hard, you will pass the exam. （条件） He goes to school by bike. （方式） Though he is young, he can do it well. （让步）,1. Look at the girl/( _ is singing so beautifully.) 2. Do you know the woman (to _ our teacher is talking? ) 3. Jim is the boy( _ hat is red. ) 4. He gave me a pen( _ he bought last week. ) 5. Mary has read all the books (_ I lent her. ),who/that,whom,whose,that/which,that,定语从句,6. Is it the reason (_ you were late? ) 7. October 1st is the date (_ China celebrates its National Day. ) 8. We walked in a garden( _ many trees and flowers had been planted. ) 9. This is the island (_ I lived for two years. ) 10. 2001-2005 are the years( _ I studied in the university. ),why,when,where,where,when,定语从句,