磨蚀实验台设计论文[带图纸].doc

辽宁工程技术大学毕业设计（论文）1目录前言·······················································································································11实验台整体设计································································································21.1原理设计·········································································································21.2系统基本设计参数·························································································21.3磨料装载部分设计·························································································21.4加压装置设计·································································································41.5液压缸的设计·································································································41.6摩擦实验台设计·····························································································91.7主轴设计·········································································································91.8齿轮减速机构设计·······················································································142液压系统设计··································································································242.1液压马达选择······························································································242.2液压泵选择···································································································252.3电动机选择···································································································262.4液压传动系统设计·······················································································283系统运行··········································································································324结论··················································································································345可行性分析······································································································34磨蚀实验台设计2致谢·····················································································································35参考文献·············································································································36摘要目前，随着科学技术的进步，机械工业也处于突飞猛进的发展，机械的制作工艺以及机械的复杂程度紧随科学技术的进步而发展，但是在机械工业中在材料的磨损方面的研究并不全面，尤其是工作机构与工作对象的磨损在机械的设计研究中没有一个统一的认识，对于工具在磨损方面的寿命没有有利的理论依据，对于磨损造成的机械工作效率的下降没有太准确的估测方案，这样通常会造成机械长时间得在低效率下运行，我们需要一种磨损方面的估测研究，来较准确地测量磨损对不同的材料的影响程度，通过一定的参数来表达这种影响程度的大小，我们可以通过具体数值来估测特定材料在特定磨蚀环境下所表现出来的机械性能，由此我们可以估算机械的工作寿命，在新机械的设计制造过程中可以对机械的寿命进行控制，可以提前知道机械在运行多长时间以后会出现低的工作效率运行的状态，可以在此状态出现之前更换影响效率的工作部件，来保证生产效率。关键词：磨蚀；估测；寿命；生产效率辽宁工程技术大学毕业设计（论文）3AbstractWiththedevelopmentofthescience,themechanicalindustryisalsoasfastasthedevelopmentofthescience,themechanicalproductionprocessmoreandmorecomplex,.Butisnotcomprehensiveinthemechanicalindustryinthematerialattritionaspectsresearch.Especiallytheattritionbetweenworkobject,thetoolintheattritionaspectslifehasnotadvantageoustheoryaccordingto,Thedropoftheworkingefficiencybecauseoftheattritionhasnotaaccurateestimationplan,thiswillcausethemachineruninlowmechanicalefficiencylongtime,weneeddevelopaestimationresearchaboutattrition.toaccuratelyestimationattritioninthedifferentmaterial,expressesthiskindofinfluencethroughcertainparameter,Wemaythroughtheconcretevalueestimatethatthespecificmaterialthemechanicalpropertywhichdisplaysunderthespecificabrasionenvironment.Fromthiswemayestimatemachinerysworkinglife,maycarryonthecontrolinthenewmachinerysdesignprocessofmanufacturetomachineryslife,mayknowaheadoftimethemachinerylaterwillpresentthelowworkingefficiencymovement,maybeforethisconditionappearsreplacestheinfluenceefficiencytheworkingpart,guaranteestheproductionefficiency.Keywords:attrition；estimation；life；productionefficiency磨蚀实验台设计4前言磨蚀系数是采掘机械设计及使用中需要注意的重要参数之一。该参数的引入，将在采掘机械的制造和使用中的降低成本和提高效率及其它方面均起到积极的作用。当用各种机械的方法破碎岩石时，诸如凿岩、钻眼、截割、挖崛等等，所使用的工具必然要受到岩石的反作用而磨蚀。工具的磨蚀，增加了工具的消耗，更重要的后果则在于将降低破碎岩石的效率，增加更换工具所需要的辅助时间，致使破碎机械的实际生产率大大降低。由于工具的强烈磨蚀，它甚至成为进一步发展机械破碎岩石技术的主要障碍之一。研究岩石的磨蚀性及其规律，不仅直接关系到机械和工具的寿命、生产的效率和成本，并且还可以作为改进机具设计的依据，也是采取合适工作参数的基础，此外也使制订消耗定额有所依据。设计、制造煤岩磨蚀系数台对降低煤岩磨蚀性的研究成本，提高实验的可操作性起到一定的作用。虽然目前对磨蚀性的测试有几种不同的方法，但没有统一的规定，采用不同方法测出的磨蚀性，只能近似地给出物料对工具的磨损程度，供选择相关机械、工具及其操作参数时参考。磨蚀性试验装置也可用于对比由各种材质制成的工具的相对耐磨性以及预估其使用寿命。目前，投入实际使用的能够测试磨蚀性的装置很少，仅有邦德叶片磨蚀性测定装置、洪堡威达公司磨蚀性试验机、Yancy-Geer-Priec磨蚀性试验装置等。辽宁工程技术大学毕业设计（论文）51实验台整体设计1.1原理设计工作部分采用圆盘式摩擦片进行磨蚀试验，这种工作方式的优点在于位于圆盘不同直径处拥有不同的工作速度这样更能接近实际的工作的环境状态获得更准确的估测值。结构示意图如下图：图1-1总体结构Fig.1-1TotalityStructure工作压力由上部的液压缸提供，容器内放置磨料，测试圆片安装于旋转平台上，工作原理为：加压装置给磨料施加压力使磨料与测试圆片之间产生一定的压力，旋转平台带动测试圆片旋转，使测试圆片与磨料产生相对滑动进行摩擦。1.2系统基本设计参数磨料施加最大压力不小于0.3aMP，主轴转速为100/minr.本试验系统所制定的磨蚀系数为试验材料在与试验磨料在一定压力下相对移动过1km试验材料在厚度上的损失，损失单位为mm，制定的磨蚀系数为/mmkm。1.3磨料装载部分设计