外文翻译--工业控制与PLC.doc

IndustrialControlandPLCIndustrialcontrolautomationtechnologyisanapplicationofcontroltheory,instrumentation,computersandotherinformationtechnology,industrialproductionprocessesfordetection,control,optimization,scheduling,managementanddecision-making,toincreaseproduction,improvequality,reduceconsumption,toensurethesafetyThepurposeoftheintegratedtechnology,includingindustrialautomationsoftware,hardwareandsystemsinthree.Industrialcontrolautomationtechnologyasthe20thcentury,theareaofmodernmanufacturingtechnology,oneofthemostimportant,themainsolutiontotheissueofproductivityandconsistency.Althoughtheautomationsystemitselfdoesnotdirectlycreateeffective,butitsproductionprocesstoenhancetheroleofobvious.Chinasindustrialautomationcontrolthepathofdevelopmentaretheintroductionofcompletesetsofequipmenttocarryoutdigestionandabsorptionatthesametime,andthenthedevelopmentandapplicationofasecond.Chinasindustrialcontrolautomationtechnology,industriesandapplicationshavealotofdevelopment,Chinasindustrialcomputersystemsindustryhasbeenformed.Atpresent,industrialcontrolautomationtechnologyistheintelligent,network-basedandintegrateddirection.Tomicro-PLC,network,PCandopendevelopmentAlongperiodoftime,PLCinindustrialcontrolautomationhasalwaysbeenthemainbattlefieldofthefieldforawiderangeofautomationcontrolequipmenttoprovidehighlyreliablecontrol,DCSandindustrialPCwithatrendofthethree.Atthesametime,PLCalsosufferfromtheimpactofothertechnologyproducts,especiallyindustrialimpactofPC.Currently,thePLCmanufacturersaroundtheworldabout200,producingover300kindsofproducts.PLCisstillabroad,thedomesticmarketproducts,suchasSiemens,Modicon,AB,OMRON,Mitsubishi,GEproducts.Afteryearsofdevelopment,thedomesticmanufacturersPLCabout30,butthereisnolarge-scaleproductioncapacityandbrand-nameproducts,itcanbesaidPLChasnotyetformedinourmanufacturingindustry.PLCapplicationinChinaisveryactive,theapplicationofawiderangeofindustries.Expertsestimatethatin2000thedomesticmarketsalesofPLCfor15(20millionunits(ofwhichabout90%ofimports),about25(35billionyuan,anannualgrowthrateofabout12%.Estimatedthatin2005thedemandforNationalPLCwillreachabout250,000units,about35(45billionyuan.PLCmarketisalsoreflectedinthestateoftheworldsmanufacturingsector,fellsharplyafter2000.However,inaccordancewiththeAutomationResearchCorpforecasts,despitetheglobaleconomicdownturn,PLCmarketwillrecover,itisestimatedthattheglobalPLCmarketin2000for7.6billionU.S.dollars,bytheendof2005to7.6billionU.S.dollarswillreturnandcontinuetoincreaseslightly.Miniaturization,networking,PC-basedPLCandopennessarethemaindirectionsoffuturedevelopment.PLC-basedautomationintheearly,PLCbulkyandexpensive.However,inrecentyears,micro-PLC(lessthan32I/O)hasoccurred,thepriceonlyafewhundredeuros.WiththesoftPLC(SoftPLC)controlconfigurationsoftwaretofurtherimproveanddevelop,isequippedwithsoft-PLCconfigurationsoftwareandPC-basedcontrolofthemarketsharewillgraduallyincrease.Atpresent,thefieldofprocesscontrol,oneofthebiggesttrendsistheexpansionofEthernettechnology,PLCisnoexception.PLCisnowagrowingnumberofsuppliersprovidingEthernetinterface.Itisbelievedthat,PLCwillcontinuetoopenthedirectionofthetransferofcontrolsystems,especiallyPC-basedindustrialcontrolsystems.(Source:IndustrialNetwork)Smallsize,diversification,PCandopenthefuturedevelopmentdirectionofDCS.DCSiscurrentlyasmallmarketsharehasbeengraduallyandPLC,industrialPC,FCSsharing.Firstofall,thefuturemaybesmall-scaleDCSsystemwiththeintegrationofthesethree,and"softDCS"technologywillfirstbedevelopedsmall-scaleDCS.PC-basedcontrolwillbemorewidelyusedinsmallandmedium-sizedprocesscontrol,theDCSwillalsobevendorshavebeenofferingPC-basedsmall-scaleindustrialDCSsystems.OpentotheDCSsystematthesametimetwo-wayupwardanddownwardextensionoftheproductionprocessfromfielddataacrosstheenterprisewithinthefreeflowofinformationtechnologyandcontroltechnology,seamlesslyintegratedtocontrolthedirectionofthedevelopmentofmonitoringandcontrol.Informationtechnologyindustryisdefinedasindustrialproduction,management,businessprocess,throughtheinformationinfrastructure,inanintegratedplatformofinformationacquisition,informationtransmission,informationprocessingandcomprehensiveutilizationofsuchinformation.Todevelopasaresultofindustrialautomationistospeedupthetransformationoftraditionalindustriestoupgradeandimprovetheoverallqualityofenterprises,improvethecountrysoverallnationalstrength,adjustingtheindustrialstructure,toinvigoratelargeandmedium-sizedenterprises,therapidandeffectivewaysandmeans,thestatewillcontinuethroughtheimplementationofaseriesofhigh-techindustryofindustrialprocessautomationofspecial,usinginformationtechnologytostimulateindustrializationandthepromotionofindustrialautomationtechnologytofurtherdevelopandstrengthentechnologicalinnovation,toachieveindustrializationandeconomicdevelopmenttosolvetheunderlyingproblem,tofurtherimprovetheoverallqualityofthenationaleconomyandoverallnationalstrength,thedevelopmentbyleapsandbounds.Todevelopasaresultofindustrialautomationistospeedupthetransformationoftraditionalindustriestoupgradeandimprovetheoverallqualityofenterprises,improvethecountrysoverallnationalstrength,adjustingtheindustrialstructure,toinvigoratelargeandmedium-sizedenterprises,therapidandeffectivewaysandmeans,thestatewillcontinuethroughtheimplementationofaseriesofhigh-techindustryofindustrialprocessautomationofspecial,usinginformationtechnologytostimulateindustrializationandthepromotionofindustrialautomationtechnologytofurtherdevelopandstrengthentechnologicalinnovation,toachieveindustrializationandeconomicdevelopmenttosolvetheunderlyingproblem,tofurtherimprovetheoverallqualityofthenationaleconomyandoverallnationalstrength,thedevelopmentbyleapsandbounds.工业控制与PLC工业控制自动化技术是一种运用控制理论、仪器仪表、计算机和其它信息技术，对工业生产过程实现检测、控制、优化、调度、管理和决策，达到增加产量、提高质量、降低消耗、确保安全等目的的综合性技术，主要包括工业自动化软件、硬件和系统三大部分。工业控制自动化技术作为20世纪现代制造领域中最重要的技术之一，主要解决生产效率与一致性问题。虽然自动化系统本身并不直接创造效益，但它对企业生产过程有明显的提升作用。我国工业控制自动化的发展道路，大多是在引进成套设备的同时进行消化吸收，然后进行二次开发和应用。目前我国工业控制自动化技术、产业和应用都有了很大的发展，我国工业计算机系统行业已经形成。目前，工业控制自动化技术正在向智能化、网络化和集成化方向发展。PLC在向微型化、网络化、PC化和开放性方向发展长期以来，PLC始终处于工业控制自动化领域的主战场，为各种各样的自动化控制设备提供非常可靠的控制方案，与DCS和工业PC形成了三足鼎立之势。同时，PLC也承受着来自其它技术产品的冲击，尤其是工业PC所带来的冲击。目前，全世界PLC生产厂家约200家，生产300多种产品。国内PLC市场仍以国外产品为主，如Siemens、Modicon、A-B、OMRON、三菱、GE的产品。经过多年的发展，国内PLC生产厂家约有三十家，但都没有形成颇具规模的生产能力和名牌产品，可以说PLC在我国尚未形成制造产业化。在PLC应用方面，我国是很活跃的，应用的行业也很广。专家估计，2000年PLC的国内市场销量为15(20万套（其中进口占90%左右），约25(35亿元人民币，年增长率约为12%。预计到2005年全国PLC需求量将达到25万套左右，约35(45亿元人民币。PLC市场也反映了全世界制造业的状况，2000后大幅度下滑。但是，按照AutomationResearchCorp的预测，尽管全球经济下滑，PLC市场将会复苏，估计全球PLC市场在2000年为76亿美元，到2005年底将回到76亿美元，并继续略微增长。微型化、网络化、PC化和开放性是PLC未来发展的主要方向。在基于PLC自动化的早期，PLC体积大而且价格昂贵。但在最近几年，微型PLC（小于32I/O）已经出现，价格只有几百欧元。随着软PLC（SoftPLC）控制组态软件的进一步完善和发展，安装有软PLC组态软件和PC-based控制的市场份额将逐步得到增长。