外文翻译基于构架构件复用的开放式数控系统研究.doc
1AresearchonopenCNCsystembasedonarchitecture/componentsoftwarereusetechnologyLiBin*,ZhouYun-fei,TangXiao-qiNationalResearchCenterofNCSystemEngineering&Technology,HuazhongUniversityofScience&Technology,430074WuhanCity,PRChinaReceived12February2003;receivedinrevisedform25October2003;accepted25October2003Availableonline9June2004AbstractByanalyzingthecurrentdevelopmentsituationofopencomputernumericalcontrol(CNC)systemandarchitecture/componentsoftwarereusetechnology,thispaperresearchesonopenCNCsystembasedonthistechnology.Adoptingdomainengineeringmethod,aCNCsystemisalwaysorganizedwithitsdatacommunication,whichplaysaroleofkeylink.Furthermore,fromwhichthereusablearchitectureofanopenCNCsystemisextracted.Alsothearchitectureisinstancedtoreusabledatacommunicationcomponents,whichdiffersfromgeneralarchitecture.Thefacetmodalsorting,expression,storageandretrievalofCNCsystemcomponentsareintroduced.Combinedwithallusefulinformationasabove,theintegrateddevelopmentplatformofopenCNCsystemisconstructed.Supportedbythisplatform,theworkflowofdevelopingopenCNCsystemsincludestwocorrelatedcourses:thedevelopmentofreusableCNCcomponents,andtheconstructionofanapplicationsystemwiththesereusablecomponents.Furthermore,thereal-timecapabilityofaCNCapplicationsystemonMS-Windowscanbetestedbythisplatform.Keywords:CNC;Openarchitecture;Component;Softwarereuse;Domainengineering1.IntroductionOwingtothedouble-quickdevelopmentofhardwaretechnology,theenhancementofcomputernumericalcontrol(CNC)systemscomplexity,theincreaseofthecompatiblerequestswiththirdpartysoftware,thefrequentjob-hoppingofdeveloper,and2thecut-throatcompetitionamongcraftbrothers,theCNCsystemmanufacturersarecompelledtodotheirbesttocontinuallyimprovetheirsystemsqualityandshortentheperiodsoftheproductsdevelopment.Hence,theopenarchitectureisbecomingthecurrenttrendofCNCtechnology,anditsmaingoalistobuildauniformandrecognizablesystemplatform.Developedwiththeopenarchitectureplatform,theCNCapplicationsystemwouldbecomemoremodularandflexible,thususersofthissystemwillbeallowedtochoosefunctionmodules,eventointegrate,modify,andexpandsystematicfunctionsinordertomeetdifferentapplicationdemands.Theup-to-dateopinionsonopenCNCsystemcanbeconcludedasfollows14:(1)AnopenCNCsystemisflexibleinbothhardwareandsoftware,soitdoesnotonlyallowthehardwaretochangeitsbasicconfiguration,butalsoallowsthesoftwaretoalteratalllevelsofcontrol.(2)AnopenCNCsystemisprovidedwiththeplug-and-playcompatibilityinarealsense.(3)AnopenCNCsystemisstandardizedtoletthethirdpartydevelopnewhardwareandsoftwarethatcanmeetitsrequirements.(4)AnopenCNCsystemhasthecapabilityofintegrationofothercomponentsatthelevelofpartswiththisstandard,andcanalsosharedataamongthecomponents.(5)AnopenCNCsystemcancooperatewithothersystemsatsystematiclevel.Inviewoftheabove-mentionedcauses,wetakeitasnaturalthatestablishinganopenNCsystemmodelforthespecialNCdomainmaybeafeasiblemethod.Ontheotherhand,thesoftwarereuseisindeepdegreeappliedintheprocessofsoftwaredevelopment,especiallyinthesamedomainbecauseanewsystemalwayshasveryintimaterelationwiththepreviousone5.Itisgraduallyconvincedthatthedesignandspecificationofthewholesystemarchitectureismoreimportantthantheselectionofalgorithmanddatastructureincompanywiththeincreasinglyupgradingofsoftwaresystemssizeandcomplexity.Sothesignificanceofsoftwarearchitectureisbeingrecognizedonthebackground.Thearchitecture/componenttechnologyhasbeendevelopingpromptlyamongnumeroussoftwarereusetechnologiesinrecentyears6,7.Basedontheabove-mentionedviewpointsaboutopenCNCandthesoftwarearchitecture/componentreusetechnology,thearchitectureofopenCNCsystemandtheintegratedplatformofdevelopingCNCsystemareresearchedinthispaper.32.OpenCNCsystembasedonarchitecture/componentsoftwarereusetechnology2.1.Softwarereuseandarchitecture/componenttechnologySoftwarearchitecturemeansthedelineationoftheoverallstructuredesignandtheabstractspecificationofasystem.Itisamacroscopicaldescriptionforsoftwaresystemscomposition,architecture,andworkmode.Inshort,thesoftwarearchitecturedescribesthecomponentsandtheinnerrelationamongthesecomponentsinasystem.Thesoftwaredevelopmentbasedonarchitecturedivertsitsemphasisfromcodelinestolargergranularityarchitectureelements(forinstance,components),aswellastheholisticinterlinkagestructureamongtheseelements.Thedevelopmentkeynoteistoconstructreusablesoftwarearchitecture;itemphasizesthereusabilityofanalysesanddesigninsteadoftherestrictionofcodereuse.Componentisaunitthatisrelativelyindependentinfunction.Itcanbeidentifiedclearly,andcanbereusedinasoftwaresystem.Itmaybeaclass,aclasstree,aframe,orageneralmodule.Alongwithembeddedcomprehensiontosoftwarereuse,theconceptofcomponentsisnolongerrestrictedtocodecomponents,butextendedtodemand,architecture,document,testplan,testcasesanddata,aswellasotherusefulinformationtodevelopmentactivation.Thesoftwarereusebasedonarchitecture/componenttechnologyincludestwocorrelativeprocesses:Thedevelopmentofreusablecomponentsandthedevelopmentofapplicationsystemwithreusablecomponents.Thefunctionsofthesoftwarearchitecture/componenttechnologyintheprocessofdevelopmentcanbeshownasFig.1.Firstly,specialdomainisanalyzedwithdomainengineeringmethod,andthesoftwarearchitectureofthisspecialdomaincanbegained.Thentheprocessofcomponentdevelopment,sortingandstoragecanbeguidedwiththisarchitecture.Whenanewapplicationsystemneedstobedeveloped,somerelevantcomponentsaresearchedandextractedfromadomaincomponentlibraryand/orothergeneralcomponentlibraries,followingthattheappropriatecomponentswillbeselectedandmodifiedforadaptation,finally,thesecomponentswillbeassembledinanewapplicationsystem.2.2.CNCsystemopennessistherequirementforsoftwarereusetechnologyinaspecialdomain4Thefirstprincipleofopensystemtechnologyistoapplyinterfacestandardsintheprocessofsystemdevelopmentandtousetherealizationaccordingtointerfacestandardsinthemeantime.Thisprovidesastablefoundationforthedesigndecisionofsystemdevelopmentandthesystemevolution,alsotheguaranteeforinteroperationamongsystems(subsystems)atthesametime8.From1980s,researchprojectsonopenNCsystemhasbeensetoutintheworldoneafteranother,someofwhichhavegreatinfluence,suchasOMACofAmerica,OSACAofEuropeandOSECofJapan.TheOSACArealizeddatacommunicationamongtaskdomainsbythecommunicationsystem,itssystemmodelisbasedonhierarchicalstructure,alldatastructuresofeachfunctionalmoduleoftheapplicationsystemandinternalrunningmechanismbasedonthesedatastructuresofthemodulemustbedefinedthoroughly,anditneedscomplicatedconfiguresystemtoestablishandmaintaintheincompacttopologicalstructureoftheapplicationsystem.Now,thesoftwarereusetechnologycanideallysupporttheopenarchitecturesystem,especiallythecomponentsthatareinaccordwithinterfacestandardscanbeeasilyintegratedtothesysteminplugandplaymethod,whichisablackboxreuse.Inthisway,componentscanbedevelopedindependentlyaccordingtointerfacestandards.