外文翻译--变频技术的普及前景.doc

英文原文1FrequencyVariationSpeedControl1.1ThePopularityandProspectofFrequencyVariationSpeedControlTheelectricalmachineryexchangefrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationtechnologyistheelectricitysaving,theimprovementtechnicalprocessimprovestheproductqualityandtheimprovementenvironment,theimpetustechnologyadvancementonemainmethodnowThefrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationbyitsoutstandingvelocitymodulationandthebrakingquality,thehighefficiency,thehighpowerfactorandtheelectricitysavingeffect,thewidespreadapplicablescopeandothermanymeritsbythedomesticgrandfatherwasthoughtmosthasthedevelopmentfuturevelocitymodulationway.Theelectricaltransmissioncontrolsystemusuallybytheelectricmotor,thecontroldeviceandtheinformationinstalls3partstobecomposed,theelectricaltransmissionrelatesusestheelectricmotorbytosavetheelectricalenergyandtocontrolthemachineryreasonablytheoperatingcondition,therealizationelectricalenergy-mechanicalenergytransformation,achieves,thehighproduction,thelowconsumptiongoalhighquality.Theelectricaltransmissiondividesintodoesnotmodulatevelocityandmodulatesvelocitytwobigkinds,thevelocitymodulationisdividedtheexchangetomodulatevelocityandtodirectcurrentmodulatesvelocitytwoways.ThevariablespeedmotordirectlydoesnotsupplypowerbytheelectricalnetworkButthemachinerywhichdoesnotmodulatevelocityalongwithelectricpowerelectronictechnologydevelopmentthiskindoforiginalmanuscriptmoreandmoremanychangestothevelocitymodulationtransmissionbytosavetheelectricalenergyTheimprovementproductquality,enhancestheoutputThereforethevelocitymodulationtransmissionisanimportantprofession,alreadyobtainedthecountrytotake,atpresenthadcertainscale.Inrecentyearsexchangedinthevelocitymodulationmosttobeactive,todevelopquickestisthefrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationtechnology,thefrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationisexchangesthevelocitymodulationfoundationandthebranchcontent.Thelastcenturytransformerappearancecausesthechangevoltagetobecomeverymucheasy,thushasaccomplishedahugeelectricpowerprofession.Sincelongago,thealternatingcurrentfrequencyalwaysisfixed,thefrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationtechnologyappearancecausesthefrequencytobecomemaythefulluseresources.Inthisrecent10years,thefrequencyconversiontechnologyapplicationhastheverybigdevelopmentinourcountry,andobtainedthegoodeffecttobepossibletosay,thefrequencyconversiontechnologyhasacceptedforthemajorityusers,buthadnoalternativebuttopointout,ourcountryinfrequencyconversiontechnologyapplicationaspect,withdevelopedcountrylevelShangYouverybigdisparity.Atpresent,theACmotorsweareusingnowusefrequencyvariationspeedcontrolonlyabout6%,butthedevelopedcountryis60%70%,Japanonairblower,waterpumpfrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationuserateis10%,butourcountryislessthan0.01%,InJapanair-conditionerusingfrequencyvariationtechniquerateis70%,butourcountrysonlythenjuststartedEmbarksfromthisreality,frequencyconversiontechnologyremainhavetheverybigdevelopmentspace,weshouldcompletethepromotedapplicationworkdoggedly.Andwiththeconstantdevelopmentofcontroltechniqueandcontrolavenue,frequencyvariationspeedcontrolledhasdevelopedthevectorcontrolledfrequencyvariationvelocitymodulation,bycontrollingtheACmotorinsideactforshuntDCmotorfieldcopersflux,toenhancethepermanenttorqueoutputscopeandstaticanddynamiccharacter,maketheACmotorfrequencyvariationspeedcontrolledsystemsuperiortoDCmotorvoltagevariationspeedcontrolledsystem.Forsimplifyingthecontrolsystem,reducingthefaultrate,therehasdevelopedavectorcontrolledfrequencyvariationspeedcontrolwithoutspeedsensorwhichbasedonthevectorcontrolledfrequencyvariationspeedcontrol.Insomeapplicationwhichhavelowrequire,vectorcontrolledfrequencyvariationspeedcontrolwithoutspeedsensorcouldcompletelycomparewiththevectorcontrolledfrequencyvariationspeedcontrolthathavespeedsensor.Thevectorcontrolhastheepoch-makingsignificancetotheACcurrentmotorvelocitymodulation.Frequencyvariationspeedcontrolisthebestwayinthemotorspeedmodulation,itistheperfectgearinthecompanystechnicalreformandproductrenewal,itistheessentialcompositionintheindustrialautomaticsystem,itistheassumptionofrealizingtheautomaticofproductproceedandmanagement,itisalsothepreconditioninthedevelopmentofinformationization.Inourcountrystraditionalestate,usingtheDCmotorspeedcontrolactuationaccountabout85%90%inthespeedcontrolledsystem,buttheACspeedcontrolledsystemaccountabout10%15%.Lowefficiency,badquality,largecost,highfaultratehavealreadybeenthebottleneckthatrestrainthedevelopmentofthecompany.So,wemustpromotetheadvancedACfrequencyvariationspeedcontroltechniquepositively,armsthetraditionalindustrywiththeadvancedequipment,promoteafurtherdevelopmentintheautomation,theindustrializationandtheinformationization.1.2OurCountrysDevelopmentConditioninSpeedControlledTechniqueOurcountryisadevelopingcountry,somanyproductsresearchabilityhasbehindthedevelopedcountries.Fromnowon,theproductoffrequencyvariationspeedcontrolledthatourselvesmadeonlyactforlastcentury90sintheinternational.Withthereformandopening,rapiddevelopmentofeconomic,formsalargemarket,itopenstothecountrycompanies,alsotheforeigncompanies.Manyproductsareexportedfromthedevelopedcountries,andrunswellinourcountry,satisfiedourneedinfabricationandliving.Manyco-partershipcompaniesinourcountrymaketheinternationaladvancedproducts.Thedomesticcompletedepartmentindependentlyisdesigningthemanufactureinthecompletesetinstallmenttousetheforeignimportcompanyandthejointventuresupposesadvancedeach,owndeveloptheapplicationsoftware,canprovidethefirst-classelectricaltransmissioncontrolsystemforthedomesticandforeignimportantengineeringproject.Althoughobtainsverymanyresult,butshouldseebecausedomesticdevelops,theproductionproductabilityvoluntarilyisweak,isserioustotheoverseascompanysdependence.Asearlyasinthecountry"85"technicalattackplan,thealternatingvelocitymodulationtechniquewaslistedasthekeytechnicalattackproject,butbecauseourcountryselectricpowerandelectronicdeviceaggregatelevelisverylow,althoughtheproductionofIGBT、GTOcomponenthasintroducedtheoverseastechnique,ithasnotformedtheeconomiesofscalebenefit,almostdoesnothavetheindependentdevelopmentabilityofnewfrequencyconverterproduction,thishasaffectedthedomesticfrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationtechniquedevelopmentinthecertaindegree.InthehighefficiencyAC-ACfrequencyconverttechnique、themotorswithoutcommutatortechniqueandsoon,thedomesticproductalsohasthesuitabledisparityinthedigitizationandthesystemreliableaspectcompareswiththeoverseaslevel,inthemediumefficiencyfrequencyconverttechnique,nearlyallproductionsuseordinaryV/Fcontrolinland,fewadoptthevectorcontroltechnique,andcannotsatisfiedthemarketrequirementinthevarietyandquality.Butinoverseas,thefrequencyconversiontechniqueobtainsthefulldevelopment,andhasobtainedtheremarkableachievementineachaspect.Inpowercomponentaspect,highvoltage、theappearanceofSCR、GTO、IGBT、IGCTwithhighcurrentcapacityandtheusinginseriesandparallel,thehigh-pressuredandhighefficiencyfrequencyconverterproductionobtainstheproductionandthepromotedapplication.Inmicroelectronictechniqueaspect,16bitand32bithighspeedmicroprocessorsaswellasthefastdevelopmentofDSPandASICtechnique,providedthehardwaremethodinrealizingthefrequencyconverterwhichwithhighaccuracymulti-purpose.Intheoryaspect,thevectorcontrol,themagneticfluxcontrol,thetorquecontrol,theintelligentcontrol,thenewcontroltheoryandsoonhaveprovidedtherelatedrationaleforthehighperformancefrequencyconverterdevelopment,wemayseethat,intheoverall,thealternatingfrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationtechniqueinourcountryhasbigdisparitycompareswithinternationallevel.Therefore,theACfrequencyvariationspeedcontroltechniquehasthefollowingsides:1)Thebasicresearchofcontrolstrategyinfrequencyconverterhasalargegapcompareswiththeforeignlevel.2)Thetechnicallevelofthewholemachineislowinthefrequencyconverter,althoughwehadinputcertainlypeople,materialresources,butbecauseofthedispersepower,didnotformacertainlytechniqueandproductionscale.3)Allthesemiconductorpowerdeviceproductinthefrequencyconverterisblank.4)CorrelativeIndustriesandrelativeIndustriesdropbehind.5)Fewproductionandsale,lowreliableandtechnologicalstandards.Withthedevelopmentandimprovementinthepowerelectronictechnique,powerdivertbasedonpowerelectroniccircuittechniqueandvariouscontroltechnique,theACfrequencyvariationspeedcontrolledtechniqueismaturedaybyday,andsuretobethemainwayinthefuture.Withtheconstantdevelopmentofpowerelectronictechnique,reliablecharacter,welladoption,cheappricethatthefrequencyconverterhavewillbecometrue.Thistechniquewillgainwidely,popularityapplication.Atpresent,foreigndevelopedcountriesfrequencyconverttechniquetowardstotheminiaturization,highreliability,defendwithharm,morefunction,highcharacter,andourcountryiscomingonnow.1.3FrequencyVariationSpeedControlledModeThealternatingfrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationtechniqueobtainedtherapiddevelopmentin20thcentury.Thisisrelatedwithsomecrucialtechnicalwhichgainunprecedentedprogress,theyareMotorvectorcontroltechnique,Directtorquecontroltechnique,PWMtechnique,Entirenumericalcontroltechniqueandself-settingtechniquewhichbasedonmicrocomputerandlargescaleintegratedcircuit,andsoon.1)VectorControlTechniqueVectortransformationcontroltechniqueisaonekindofnewcontrolthoughtandcontroltheorywhichposedbySIEMENSCO.in1971.Itisrealizingthestatorcurrentexcitationcomponentandthetorquecomponentsolutionlotusrootbyrotormagneticfielddirectiondetection,andvectortransformation,achievedthegoalthatseparatelycontrolthemotorfluxlinkageandtheelectriccurrent,asaresult,obtainfinelystatic,dynamicperformance.Untilnow,thevectorcontroltechniquehasobtainedtheconsiderabledevelopment,andalsoobtainedthewidespreadapplication.2)VectorControlWithoutVelocityGeneratorTechniqueVectorcontrolwithoutvelocitygeneratortechniqueabolishtheproblemsthattheenvironmentcompatibility、installandmaintenancebringon,reducethecost,enhancethesystemreliability,atthesametime,unionvectorcontrol,hasthefineperformanceofvectorcontrol.Thespeedestimatemethodinvectorcontroltechniquewithoutvelocitygenerator,besidesbasismathematicalmodelcomputationelectricmotorrotationalspeed,atpresentthemoreappliedarethemodeltoreferauto-adaptedmethodandexpandstheKalmanfilteringlaw.Inaddition,entireUygurrotormagneticfluxsight,toothovertoneelectricpotential,suchasthistheoryandsoon,alsoappearanceinthevectorcontrolwithoutvelocitygeneratortechnique.Since1983proposedthevectorcontrolwithoutvelocitygeneratortechniquecontrolstrategy,receivestheacademiccirclesandtheindustrialfieldcontinuouslyhighlyfocusedallthetime.HitachicompanyandSichuanelectricalmachineryandsoonhadpublishedtheresearchresultsseparatelyin1987,andhadpromotedtheproductoneafteranother.Atpresent,vectorcontrolwithoutvelocitygeneratortechniqueinfrequencyconvertercontrollinginthevelocitymodulationscopeisabout1:50,someindividualmerchanthas1:75orevenhigherproduct.3)DirectTorqueControlTechniqueIn1985,GermanysM.Depen-blockproposesthedirecttorquecontroltechnique（DTC）for