外文翻译--基于欧姆龙可编程序控制器的6层立体车库设计.doc

英文原文THE6LAYERSSTEREOGARAGEDESIGNBASEDONOMRONPLCZhuoranZhangDepartmentofElectrical&EngineeringWuhanPolytechnicUniversityWuhan,ChinaE-mail:Harryzzr126.comZheMao,HailingWanDepartmentofElectrical&EngineeringWuhanPolytechnicUniversityWuhan,ChinaE-mail:maozhe998sina.comAbstractwiththedevelopmentofthemodernsociety,thenumberofthevehiclesinthesecitieshasbeenincreasingwithanexponentialspeed；especiallytheprivatecars,puttingagreatpressureonurbantransportationandparkingslot.Thisarticleismainlyconcernedabouttheentirestructure,runningprocedureandelectricalsystemdesignincludinghardwareandprogramdesignideasforlifting-traversingstereogarage,whichwillnotonlyshortenthedevelopingperiodbutalsoorientparkingtocentralizationandautomationdirection；Owningsomereferencevalue.Keywords-StereoGarage,OmronPLC,DesignInsufficientparkingslotsisresultedfromthedevelopmentofthecities,economyandtransportationofthecities,thetraditionalgaragesarealwaysmakingtheuseofthenaturevacancy,inacommunity,theratiobetweenparkingslotsandresidentsisapproximately1:1,oneparkingslotforafamilyatleast,inordertosolvethecontradictionthattheparkingslotsusingpreciouscommercialland,thestereomechanicalgarageswiththeadvantageoftheaverageparkingslottakesoflessareahavebeengraduallyinfrontofus.Comparedwiththetraditionalundergroundparkinggarage,thestereogarageshavemoreadvantages.Firstofall,thestereogaragescansavemorearea.Thetraditionalwaysmustbeamasseddrivingpathforvehicles,averagely,acarwilltakeup40m2Ifwetakemulti-layersgarage(6layers)intoconsideration,itispossiblefor13carstoparkintheareaof50m2,whichwillsavelotsoflandresourcesandlandconstructionexpenditure.Meanwhile,thestereogaragecouldguaranteethesafetyofthepeopleandtheircars.Ifthereisanybodyinthegarageorthecarsarenotfullystopped,thesystemcontrolledbyelectricalequipmentwillnotruneither.Itmeansthat,inthescaleofthemanagement,themechanicalgaragecouldseparatethepeopleandvehicles,whichmakesitmoresystematically.Especiallyforundergroundgarages,installthiskindofgaragewillsavealargeareaofilluminationsystem,soitisalsoemergeconservationandenvironmentprotection.THECLASSIFICATIONANDIMPLEMENTBACKDROPOFTHESTEREOGARAGEA.THECLASSIFICATIONOFTHESTEREOGARAGEAccordingtothepresentdevelopmentofthestereogarage,thestereogarageisincludinglifting-traversing,roadwaystacking,verticallifting,verticalcirculating,circlelevelcirculation；Theconceptofthestereogarageisallfromautomaticlogisticmaterialtransmittingsystem.3Thepurposeofthestereogarageistosolvetheparkingproblemindevelopedcities,thatismakeuseoflimitedareatoparkmorevehiclessoastosavelandresourcesofthecitiesandmanagethestatictransportationoftheurban.Thisarticlegivesoutawaytodesignlifting-traversingstereogaragebasedonOmronPLCCP1H,whichcouldextendtosolverelevantprojects.B.ABRIEFINTRODUCTIONTOLIFTING-TRAVERSINGSTEREOGARAGE.Themodularizationconceptisimportedinlifting-traversingstereogarage.Itcanbedesignedintotwotofivelayersorhalfundergroundtype,thenumberoftheslotisfromtenstohundreds.Thiskindofgarageissuitableforbothabovegroundandunderground,thecharacteristicscouldbegeneralizedaslessoccupationofland,simplestructure,flexibleconfiguration,lowercostinconstruction,decorationandfireprotectionandshortperiodofconstruction；Safeandconvenientforsavingandtakingcars；Smoothlyoperation,lowernoiseduringrunning.4Itisalsoappropriateforcommercial,bureauandresidentialuse.Thesafetyequipmentmainlyisphotoelectricalsensors,limitingdisplacementprotectorandemergencyswitch.C.THEENTIREFRAMEOFTHESYSTEMAsthefig.lrepresenting,besidesthecentralcontrollerPLC,thestereogaragesystemcouldbedividedintothreesections:I.MechanicalSystem；Itincludescolumn,beam,carryingboard,vehicleframe,hooksandetc.II.ElectricalSystem；thissectionisthecoreofthisarticle,whichcontrolsthewholesystemtooperate.III.TouchingPanel；itistheportfromwhichoperatorsandthesystemexchangingmessages,operatorscouldnotonlyoperatethesystem,butalsointhesituationofthemalfunction,itcouldletoperatorenterthemanualordebuggingmode.Figure1.ThestructureofthesystemFigure2.TouchScreen(AutorunningandManual)THEMAINHARDWAREOFTHESYSTEMWemainlyusetheOmronPLCCPH1,onconsideringthecontrolrequirementandthecost,weadoptingCP1HX40DR-APLC,theprogrammingwaysareladderdiagramorSTinstructionlist.Theinstructionlengthis1to7stepsperinstruction,eachI/Orelayshas1600ports,USB1.1forcommunication.Thedisplaypart,weimportscreenofWEINVIEWMT6056iseries,thescreenmaterialisTFT,5.6inches,andtheresolutionis320x234,withUSB2.0portsupportingdownloading.ThefrequencyoftheCPUis400MHz,128RAM.D.THESYSTEMSTRUCTUREANDFUNCTIONSThemechanicalpartscooperatingwithelectricalsystemarecarryingboard,hooksandchains.Thereare6slotsoneachlayerbesides7slotsonthetoplayer,totally37slots,thepurposeforoneslotemptyoneachlayeristhatmakingenoughspaceforcarryingboardtomove.Thecarryingboardsofthefirstflooronlydesigntotraverse,alsothetopfloorcarryingboardsareonlysupposedtolift.Theothercarryingboardsamongthesefloorsaredesignedtolifeandtraverse.Inthisway,thissystemcouldachievethesavingandtakingfromanyslotsamongthese6layers.Inaddition,thissystemhasatouchscreensystem,whichswitchesbetweenautorunandmanualdebuggingmode.Undertheautorunmode,itcouldselectacertainslottoaccomplishsavingandtakingbehavior,atthesametime,monitoringtheoperationofthesystem.(Greenwords"SystemRunning"inautomodewithoutmalfunction).Whenfailureoccurs,thesystemseizedandonscreenflashingyellowfailurecodewithredbackdrop,withthehelpofthefailurecode,theprofessionaloperatorcouldrecognizeandeliminatethefailurespromptlyandaccurately.Onconsideringmoreauthoritiesaregiveninmanualdebuggingmode,toprecludeunprofessionalpersonsenterthemodebychance,beforeenterthemode,thereisacipherverification,inwhichthesequencecouldbesetbyourselves.Thiswouldprotectthesystemfrompotentialdangers.Figure2isthegraphofsystemautorunning,manualanddebugging.THECOMPOSUREOFTHEELECTRICALSYSTEMA.STRONGELECTRICITYSYSTEMThestrongpowersystemincludespowersupply,protectionanddrivingmechanism,hereiselectronicmotors.InstallingXJ3-Dontheforepartofthepowersupplywire,whichisusedtoprotectphasesequenceofthethree-phasevoltage,sothatguaranteetherightrotationofthemotors.Moreover,themotorsonsomelayersusethesamethree-phasevoltage.B.THESETOFTHEMOTORSThereare6traversingmotorsonthefirstlayer,6traversingmotorsfor2to5layerseach,andsoitiswithliftingmotorsfor2to5layers.Thetoplayershaveonly7liftingmotors.Aftersettingthemotors,markeverymotor.Forexample,themotordrivingthethirdslotofthesecondlayer,wemarkitwith"23",therelaybeforethemotorarenamedKM23.Hereseriesconnectallthemotorsthermalprotection,anymotorsproblemwillstopthesystem.Inthisway,ithasnoinfluenceonthestabilityofthesystem,butlowersthecost.Atthesametime,makeiteasiertofindtheproblems.(Whatweneedtodoispressthethermalprotectionswitchonebyone).C.WEAKPOWERSYSTEMTheweakpowersystemisalsothecontrolsystem,whicharemainlythePLCmodeandits5extendedmodules,alsothesensors.Asthefigurebelow,ontherightistheinputpart,DC24V,ontheleft,istheoutputsection,AC220V,toconnectwithcontactorsanddrivethem.Thesedevicesfunctionshavecloserelationshipswiththeentiresystemscontrolrequirements.Ontheaboveofthegraph,theprotectionequipmentareemergencyswitch,installedbesidethetouchingpanel,emergencyonly,triggerit,thesystemstops；Frontandbackphotoelectricalsensors,whichareusedtodetectpeopleorunidentifiedobjectsbreakingintothesystem,ifthishappens,thesystemwouldstopthenresponsewithphotoelectricalfailure,thegoalistoprotectthepeopleandthevehicles.Thephasesequenceprotectionhasbeenillustratedbefore；Overcurrentprotectionnormallyactivatedunderthemotorstuck；Allthemarginswitchesseriesconnected,cultthemainpowerwhenanycarryingboardexceedthelimitingposition.Limitswitchesincludinguponesanddownonesorleftandrightlimitswitches.Inordertoachievethecontrollingrequirements,thelevellimitswitchesareinstalledonthebothsideoftheeachslotframe,whiletheverticallimitswitchesareinstalledonthechainwhichattachedtothemotor.Itisnecessarytopointoutthatthefirstlayeronlyinstalleddownandleftrightlimitswitches,thetoplayeronlyinstalledupswitchestheseswitchescouldsensethepositionofthecarryingboards,helpingtofinishtheliftingandtraversingcontrol；Hookpositionsensorsistofixthevehiclesandsensetheslotemptyornot.Theoutputpoints"0004050607"aretoselectdifferentphaseforeachlayer,socontrolthemotorsrotationways.Figure3.PLCModules(Segment)Thereareother4extendedmodules,whichonlygivemoreI/Oportstothesystem,similartothismainpart.OPERATIONPROCEDUREA.TAKINGPROCEDUREAsfarasthefirstlayerconcerned,itisonlydesignedtotraverse,soastomakespacetoupperlayerscarryingboardstomovedownward.Sodotheotherlayers,whicharedesignedtotraverse.Whentraversingmeettherequirements,liftingmechanismwillruntoputthecarryingboarddown,finishingthesavingandtakingprocedure.Duringtheprocedurethephotoelectricalsensorsareopenandwillbehaveasforeparthasexplained.Infigure2A,isthetakingcondition,atthistime"Loading"willflashuntilthetakingprocedurefinishes.Whenweenter"51",thesystemwilldistinguishwhethertheoperationisatakingorasavingaccordingtothehookofthe51slot.Thenprintsthemessagerespondedtothestateofthehookonthescreen,theoperatorcouldconfirmtheoperationorcancelit.Onconfirming,the51carryingboardwillwaitforitsdownwardboardstofinishthetraversingmovethenmovingdown.In