外文翻译--我国塑料模具工业现状及发展趋势.doc

ChinasplasticmoldindustryanditsdevelopmenttrendFirst:chinasplasticmoldindustryChinasindustrialplasticmouldsfromthestarttonow,aftermorethanhalfacentury,therehasbeengreatdevelopment,moldlevelshavebeengreatlyenhanced.Mouldhasbeenatlargecanproduce48-inchbig-screencolorTVMoldedCaseinjectionmold,6.5kgcapacitywashingmachinefullofplasticmolds,aswellastheoverallcarbumpersanddashboards,andotherplasticmouldprecisionplasticmolds,thecameraiscapableofproducingplasticmould,multi-cavitymoldsmallmodulusgearandmoldingmold.-SuchasTianjinandYantaidaysElectricalCo.,LtdPolarisIKCo.manufacturedmulti-cavitymoldVCDandDVDgear,thegearproductionofsuchsizeprecisionplasticparts,coaxial,beatingrequirementshavereachedasimilarforeignthelevelofproduct,butalsotheapplicationofthelatestgeardesignsoftwaretocorrectcontractionasaresultofthemoldingprofileerrortothestandardinvoluterequirements.Productioncanonly0.08mmthicknessofatwo-cavitymoldandtheairCupdifficultyofplasticdoorsandwindowsoutofhighmodulus,andsoon.Modelcavityinjectionmoldingmanufacturingaccuracyof0.02to0.05mm,surfaceroughnessRa0.2m,moldquality,andsignificantlyincreaselifeexpectancy,non-hardeningsteelmouldlifeupto1030million,hardeningsteelformupto5010milliontimes,shortenthedeliverytimethanbefore,butstillhigherthanabroad.Thepresentconditionoftheplasticmouldlevelathomeandabroad:Thewhole,Chinaplasticmouldwhetherinquantity,orinquality,technologyandabilityhasmadeagreatprogress,butwiththeneedsofthedevelopmentofthenationaleconomy,theworldadvancedlevel,comparedtoagapstill.Somelarge,sophisticated,complex,thelonglifeofhigh-gradeplasticmouldstillneedtoimportalotofeveryyear.Inthetotalamountofdemandexceedingsupplyatthesametime,somecheapplasticmoldbutsupplyexceedsdemand,marketcompetitionisintense,andsometechnicalcontentistoohighmiddle-gradeplasticmouldalsohasthetrendofsupplyexceedsdemandJoiningtheWTO,plasticmoldanddieindustrytobringhugechallenge,atthesametimebringmoreopportunities.BecauseofChinascheapplasticmoldtoproducts,productpriceobviousadvantages,someevenonly1/5ofthepricetheforeignproductonethirdto,tojointheWTO,foreignsimilarproductstodomesticlittleimpact,andcheapChineseexportsofmouldisincrease；Inthehighprecisionmould,beforejoiningtheWTOwasmainlyrelyonimports,joinWTO,notonlyfortheexquisiteproductsimporthasbroughtmoreconvenient,butalsoleadtomoreforeigninvestmenttoChinafactory,bringforeignadvancedmouldtechnologyandmanagementexperience,tocultivateChineseprofessionalmouldtalentstotherole.Inrecentyears,Chineseplasticmouldmanufacturingconditionshaveimprovedgreatly.Largeplasticmouldhasproducedsinglesetofweightcanupto50tonsofinjectionmold,precisionplasticmouldhasreachedtheaccuracyof2m,precisionpartshighsmallmodulegearmouldandreachtherequirementsofthehighlightslearnlampmouldetchasalsocanproduce,plasticmoldcavityhasbeenabletoproduceamodeofplasticmoldcavity7800,high-speedmoldproductionspeedcanhaveupto6m/minabovethehigh-speedplasticdifferentprofileextrusiondieandthedualchamberco-extrusionprofiles,double-colorcoextrusion,softhardco-extrusion,werecrowded,againofextrusionandlowfoamingrawsteel-plasticco-extrusion,etc.Variouskindsofmold.Intheproductionmeans,mouldenterpriseequipmenttonumericalcontrolratehasincreasedgreatly,CAD/CAE/CAMtechnologyhasgreatlyexpandedtheapplications,highspeedprocessingandRP/RTadoptionofadvancedtechnologiessuchashasbeenmoreandmore,standardmouldusingcoverageanddiecommercializationrateisgreatlyimproved,theshareofmouldofhotflowpathareimprovedgreatly.Inaddition,foreigninvestedenterprisevigorousdevelopmentoffurtherpromotedtheplasticmoulddesignandmanufacturelevelandimprovethemanagementlevelofenterprises,someenterprisealreadyinformatizationmanagementanddigitalnoPICmanufacturing.Asmoulddesignandprocessingenterprisestoraisethelevelof,mouldmanufacturingisfromthepastreliesmainlyonthetransformationoftheskillsoffittermainlyrelyontechnology.Thisisnotonlythemeansofproductionchange,andchangethewayofproductionandtheriseoftheconcept.Thisisatrendthatthestandardizationofmouldcontinuousimprovement,theprecisionofmoreandmorehigh,productioncycleismoreandmoreshort,fitterproportionmoreandmorelow,andfinallypromotetheoveralllevelofthedieandmouldindustryisrising.Chinamoldanddieindustryatpresentmorethan10nationalhighandnewtechnologyenterprise,about200hightechnologyandnewtechnologyenterprise.Andadapttothetrend,themainproductionmoldbackbonestrengthfromskilltalentedpersongraduallyintotechnologytalentsisaninevitablerequirement.Ofcourse,nowandforquitealongtime,andhighlytalentedpersonstillveryimportant,becauseafterall,hardtogetridofmouldtoskilldependon.ExistingmainproblemsChinaplasticmouldindustryandforeignstandards,mainlyexistinthefollowingquestions.(1)theunbalanceddevelopment,productoveralllevelislow.Althoughtheindividualenterpriseproductshasreachedorcomeclosetotheadvancedinternationallevel,butoverall,theaccuracy,theroughnessofthecavitysurface,productioncycle,lifeindexandinternationaladvancedlevelthereisabiggapbetweencompared.Includingproductionmodeandtheoveralllevelofenterprisemanagement,withforeignindustrialdevelopedcountriestherearecomparedformorethan10yearsthegap.(2)processequipmentbackward,organizationandcoordinationabilityispoor.Thoughsomeofthetechnologicaltransformationoftheenterpriseafterinrecentyears,hasbeenmoreadvancedtechnologyandequipmentlevel,someoftheforeigninvestedenterpriselevelofequipmentisnotbehindabroad,butmostoftheenterpriseprocessequipmentisstilllagbehind.Moreimportantly,theenterpriseorganizationcoordinatedabilityispoor,difficulttointegrateortransferofsocialresourcesuse,thusitwillbedifficulttoundertakelargerprojects.(3)mostenterprisedevelopmentabilityisweak,theinnovationabilityisnotenough.Ontheonehand,lowleveloftechnicalpersonnelproportionisnotquitehigh,ontheotherhandisthescientificdevelopmentlessinput；Moreimportantconceptsbackward,insufficientattentiontoinnovationanddevelopment.Mouldenterprisenotonlytopayattentiontothedevelopmentofthemould,alsowanttopayattentiontotheinnovationoftheproduct.(4)short-termrelieftothecontradictionbetweensupplyanddemand.Inrecentyears,domesticplasticsmoulddomesticmarketmeetratehasbeenlessthan74%,includingalarge,precision,longlifemoldmeetmoreratelow,lessthan60%estimate.Meanwhile,industrialdevelopedcountriesareacceleratingthemouldtransferringtoChina,internationalpurchasingmoreandmore,theinternationalmarkethasagoodprospect.Themarketdemand,productionisdifficulttokeepupwithdevelopmentatthattime,inshortsupplysituationwillcontinueforaperiodoftime.Therearemanyreasonswhichcreatestheabovedisparity,themoldlong-termhasnotobtainedthevaluebesidesthehistoryinastheproductwhichshouldhave,aswellasthemoststate-ownedenterprisesmechanismcannotadaptthemarketeconomy,butalsohasthefollowingseveralreasons:.(1)CountrytomoldindustrypolicysupportdynamicsalsoinsufficientlyAlthoughthecountryalreadywasclearabouthaspromulgatedthemoldprofessionindustrialpolicy,butnecessarypolicyfew,carriedoutdynamicstobeweak.Atpresentenjoyedthemoldproductincrementdutyenterprisenation185,themajorityenterprisestillthetaxburdenisonlyoverweight.Themoldenterprisecarriesonthetechnologicaltransformationsintroductionequipmenttohavetopaytheconsiderableamountthetaxmoney,affectsthetechnologyadvancement,moreoverprivatelyoperatedenterpriseloanextremelydifficult.(2)Talentedpersonseriousinsufficient,thescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattackinvestmenttoourineMoldprofessionisthetechnology,thefund,theworkcrowdedindustry,alongwiththetimeprogressandthetechnicaldevelopment,graspsthetalentedpersonwhichandskilledutilizesthenewtechnologyexceptionallyshort,thehigh-qualitymoldfitterandtheenterprisemanagementtalentextremelyisalsoanxious.Becausethemoldenterprisebenefitunsatisfactoryandtakesinsufficientlythescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattack,thescientificresearchunitandtheuniversities,collegesandinstituteseyestaresatiscreatingincome,causesthemoldprofessioninveststoofewinthescientificresearchdevelopmentandthetechnicalattackaspect,causesthemoldtechnologicaldevelopmentstepnottobebig,progressesnotquick.(3)Thecraftequipmentleveltobelow,alsonecessaryisnotgood,theusefactorlowrecentyearsourcountryenginebedprofessionprogressedquickly,hasbeenabletoprovidethequitecompleteprecisionworkequipment,butcomparedwiththeoverseasequipment,stillhadabiggerdisparity.Althoughthedomesticmanyenterpriseshaveintroducedmanyoverseasadvancedequipment,buttheoverallequipmentlevellowareverymorethantheoverseasmanyenterprises.Asaresultofaspecttheandsoonsystemandfundreason,introducestheequipmentnotnecessary,theequipmentandtheappendixnotnecessaryphenomenonareextremelycommon,theequipmentutilizationratelowquestioncannotobtainthecomparativelyproperlysolutionforalongtime.(4)Specialization,standardization,commercializeddegreelow,thecooperationabilityBecausereceives"largeandcomplete""smallandentire"theinfluencesincelongago,moldspecializationlevellow,thespecializedlabordivisionisnotcareful,thecommercializeddegreeislow.Atpresentdomesticeveryyearproducesmold,commoditymoldminister40%About,otherforfromproduceusesforoneself.Betweenthemoldenterprisecooperatesimpeded,completesthecomparativelylarge-scalemoldcompletetaskwithdifficulty.Moldstandardizationlevellow,moldstandardletterusecaverareislowalsotothemoldquality,thecosthasamoretremendousinfluence,speciallyhasverytremendousinfluence.(5)Tothemoldmanufacturecycle)themoldmaterialandthemoldcorrelationtechnologyfallsThemoldmaterialperformance,thequalityandthevarietyquestionoftencanaffectthemoldquality,thelifeandthecost,thedomesticallyproducedmoldingtoolsteelandoverseasimportsthesteelproductstocomparehasabiggerdisparity.Plastic,plate,equipmentenergybalance,alsodirectinfluencemoldlevelenhancement.Process,themulti-materialplasticmoldingdie,efficientmulticolorinjectionmould,insertsexchangestructureandcorepullingStrippingtheinnovativedesignhasalsomadegreatprogress.Gas-assistedinjectionmolding,theuseofmorematuretechnologies,suchasQingdaoHisenseCo.,Ltd.,Tianjinfactorycommunicationsandbroadcastingcompanies,suchasmoldmanufacturerssucceededin2934-inchTVthick-walledshell,aswellassomepartsontheuseofgas-assistedmouldtechnologySomemanufacturersalsousetheC-MOLDgas-assistedsoftwareandachievedbetterresults.Prescott,suchasShanghai,suchasthenewcompanywillprovideuserswithgas-assistedmoldingequipmentandtechnology.Beganpromotinghotrunnermold,andsomeplantsuserateofmorethan20percent,thegeneralheat-thermalhotrunner,ordevice,asmallnumberofunitswiththeworldsadvancedlevelofrigoroushotrunner-needledevice,asmallnumberofunitswithWorldadvancedlevelofrigorousneedle-hotrunnermould.However,theuseofhotrunneroverallrateoflessthan10%,withoverseascomparedto5080%,thegaplarger.Inthemanufacturingtechnology,CAD/CAM/CAEtechnologyonthelevelofapplicationofanewleveltotheenterprisefortheproductionofhouseholdappliancesrepresentativeshaveintroducedaconsiderablenumberofCAD/CAMsystems,suchastheUnitedStatesEDSUG,theUnitedStatesParametricTechnologyPro/Engineer,theUnitedStatesCVCADS5company,theBritishcompanyDOCT5Deltacam,HZSsCRADEJapan,thecompanysCimatronIsrael,theUnitedStatesAC-C-TechMoldCompanyandAustraliasMPAMoldflowMoldanalysissoftware,andsoon.Thesesystemsandtheintroductionofthesoftware,althoughalotofmoneyspent,butinourcountrydieindustry,andachievingaCAD/CAMintegration,andtosupportCAEtechnologytoformingprocessessuchasmoldingandcooling,suchascomputersimulation,andachievedcertainThetechnicalandeconomicbenefits,promoteandfacilitateChinasCAD/CAMtechnology.Inrecentyears,ChinasowndevelopmentoftheplasticmouldCAD/CAMsystemhasachievedsignificantdevelopment,themainguarantorSoftwareEngineeringInstitute,isthedevelopmentofCAXA,HuazhongUniversityofScienceHSC5.0developmentofthesystemandinjectionmoldCAEsoftware,andsoon,theseDieofdomesticsoftwarewiththespecificcircumstancesintheapplicationofcomputerandlowerprices,andothercharacteristics,inordertofurtheruniversalCAD/CAMtechnologyhascreatedgoodconditions.Inrecentyears,Chinahasbeenmoreextensiveuseofsomenewplasticmoldsteel,suchas:P20,3Cr2Mo,PMS,SM,SM,andthequalityoflifeofmoldhasadirectsignificantimpactontheoveralluseofthestillless.PlasticMouldsstandardmodelplanes,suchasstandardputterandspringhasgivenmoreapplications,andtherehavebeensomeofthecommercializationofdomestichotrunnersystemcomponents.However,atpresentChinaDielevelofstandardizationandcommercializationinthegenerallevelofbelow30percentandforeignadvancedindustrialcountrieshasreached70percentcomparedto80percent,stillalargegap.Table1,athomeandabroadplasticmouldtechnologycomparisontable?Domesticprojectsabroad