热处理解决传统车床方刀架故障的分析与探讨

SEP2013机床与液压HYDROMECHATRONICSENGINEERINGV0L_41NO18DOI103969JISSN10013881201318011NALYSISESOLVEANDDISCUSSIONOFTHEHEATTREATMENTPROCESSTOTHEFAILUREOFCONVENTIONALLATHECARRIAGEFENGXIAOFEI，ZHENGWEIGANG，JIANGLITAOASCHOOLOFENERGYANDPOWERENGINEERING；BMECHANICALENGINEERINGTRAININGCENTER，WUHANUNIVERSITYOFTECHNOLOGY，WUHAN430063，CHINAABSTRACTTHECONVENTIONALLATHECARRIAGE0FIENAPPEARSTHEOFFSETPHENOMENONINUSEANDTHEREISEXCESSIVEWEAROFPINHOLESLEEVEOFTHESMALLSKATEBOARD，WHICHAFFECTSTHEMACHININGACCURACYANDREDUCESTHEEFFICIENCYCA6140LATHE，FOREXAMPLE，THEPINHOLESLEEVEISMADEOF45STEEL，WHOSEABRASIONRESISTANCEISNOTENOUGHBYCONVENTIONALHEATTREATMENTPROCESSINGTHUSITISNECESSARYTOEXPLORETHEMODERNHEATTREATMENTPROCESSTOENHANCETHEABRASIONRESISTANCEOF45STEE1ANDRESOLVETHEACTUALPRODUCTIONFAULTOFLATHECARRIAGEKEYWORDSPINHOLESLEEVE，ABRASIONRESISTANCE，45STEEL，SUBCRITICALQUENCHED，SURFACETREATMENTPROCESSLATHE，ANIMPORTANTPARTOFTHEMACHINING，PLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFINDUSTRIA1THECNCLATHEISINPRODUCTIONFORMANYYEARSANDWITHGREATSUCCESS，BUTCOMPAREDTRADITIONALLATHEISSTILLIRREPLACEABLE，ISIMPORTANTEQUIPMENTINTURNERPRODUCTIONLATHESQUARETURRETISTHEIMPORTANTFACTORTODETERMINETHEACCURACYOFTURNER，BUTTHEREISANEMERGENCEOFTHEFAULTINUSEWHICHSERIOUSLYAFFECTSTHEACCURACY，LEADSTOADIRECTRESULTOFTHEDECREASEINEFFICIENCYCA6140LATHESQUARETURRETFAILURETOSOLVETHEFAULTSQUARETURRET，ANALYZED，ANDTODISCUSSSEVERALMODERNHEATTREATMENTPROCESSCOMPARATIVEANALYSIS，LOOKINGFORTHEBESTWAYTOSOLVETHEFAUIT1FAILUREANALYSISBEFORECONDUCTINGFAILUREANALYSISTOUNDERSTANDTHESTRUCTUREANDWORKINGPRINCIPLEOFTHECA6140LATHESQUARETURRET1ASFOLLOWS11THEDIAGRAMOFSQUARETURRETSTRUCTUREANDWORKINGPRINCIPLERECEIVED20130216ZHENGWEIGANEMAILZFEIDIAO126CONTHEDIAGRAMOFSTRUCTUREISFIG1A17B41CAM，2、6、13SPRING，3WASHERS，4THEOUTERSPLINEDOFTHESLEEVE，5THEINNERSPLINEDOFTHESLEEVE，7SHAFT8STRADDLEPIN，9TURRETBODY，10HANDLE，11PIN，12STEELBALL，14SMALLSKATEBOARD，15LOCATINGPINFIG1THEDIAGRAMOFCA6140LATHESQUARETURRETSTRUCTURETHEWORKINGPRINCIPLEOFSQUARETURRETCOUNTERCLOCKWISEROTATIONOFTHEHANDLE10，TORELEASETHETURRETBODY9，BYAPINCONNECTINGTURNINGTHEINNERSPLINEDSLEEVE，ANDDRIVETHEROTATIONOFTHEOUTERSPLINEDSLEEVE。THROUGHWHICHTHELOWERENDOFTHEIAWSOTHATTHECAMROTATION，ANDTHROUGHTHEINCLINEDSUYFACEOFTHECAMAPULLOUTTHEPOSITIONINGPIN15，THESIDEOFTHEGAPBTOUCHTURRETBODY9OFTHEPOSITIONINGPIN15，SOTHATTHETURRETBODYISROTATED，THESTEELBALL12SLIPPINGOUTOFTHEHANDTOANOTHERPOSIAR56HYDROMECHATRONICSENGINEERINGTIONINGHOLEOFTHETURRETBODYEARLYPOSITIONING，ANDTHENCLOCKWISEROTATIONOFTHEHANDLE10，PINALIGNMENTANDCLAMPINGSEQUENTIALLY12THECAUSEOFTHEMALFUNCTIONLATHESOFTENNEEDCHANGETOOLINLONGTERMUSE，ANDTHETRADITIONALLATHETOOLCHANGEISACHIEVEDBYTHEROTATIONOFTHEHANDLEONTHETURRETDUETOFREQUENTROTATIONOFTHEHANDLEPORTIONOFTHETOOLHOLDER，RESUHOFREPEATEDEXPOSURETOTHEFRICTIONBETWEENPINHOLESLEEVEONSMALLSKATEBOARDANDLOCATINGPINHEADANDSTEELBALLINSQUARETURRETCAUSEDBYSLEEVEEXCESSIVEWEARANDITSCROSSSECTIONCANEASILYBECOMEOVA1THEDIRECTIMPACTRESULTINGOFTENOCCURSACERTAINAMOUNTOFOFFSETWHENLOCKINGSQUARETURRET，IFNOTNOTICEDTHISOFFSET。DIRECTLYONAWORKPIECETURNER，ITSACCURACYWILLBEGREATLYAFFECTED，EASILYCAUSINGTHEWORKPIECETOWASTEIFSTAFFSOBSERVETHISOFFSET，THEYNEEDTOMANUALLYCORRECT，NODOUBTGREATLYEXTENDTHEPROCESSINGTIME，AFFECTINGTHEEFFICIENCYMANIFESTEDONATRADITIONALLATHECA6140WEARISSHOWNINFIG2FROMFIG1，THEPINHOLESSLEEVEITSCROSSSECTIONISCIRCULARBEFOREEXCESSIVEWEARBUTINFIG2THEPINHOLESLEEVEHASSEVEREWEARWHOSESECTIONALHASALMOSTOVA1FIG2THEWEAROFPINHOLESLEEVEONTHESMALLSKATEBOARDOFCA6140LATHE2SOLUTIONSANDDISCUSSIONTHEWEARISONEOFTHEMAINFAILUREMODESOFTHEMECHANICALPARTSTHEWEARRESISTANCEOFSTEELISTHEABILITYTORESISTWEARONCERTAINWORKINGCONDITIONSL21S0FAR，THESCIENTIFICCOMMUNITYDOESNOTHAVEACONCISEANDRELIABLEWEARLAWFORCERTAINWEARCONDITIONS，THEREAREMANYFACTORSTHATAFFECTTHESTEELABRASIONRESISTANCE，INCLUDINGTHEOPERATINGCONDITIONS1OAD，SPEED，SPORT，ETC，LUBRICATIONSTATE，ENVIRONMENTALFACTORSTEMPERATURE，HUMIDITY，ANDTHESURROUNDINGMEDIUM，ETC，MATERIALFACTORSCOMPONENT，MICROSTRUCTURE，MECHANICALPROPERTIES，ETC，THEQUALITYOFTHESURFACEOFTHEPARTANDTHEPHYSICALCHEMICALCHARACTERISTICS3TRADITIONALLATHE，ASMALLSLIDEPINHOLESLEEVEMATERIALISUSUALLY45STEE1INORDERTOIMPROVEITSSURFACEHARDNESSANDWEARRESISTANCE，THETRADITIONALPRACTICEISTHEQUENCHINGANDTEMPERINGAPPROACH4THROUGHTHEPINHOLESLEEVEWEARANALYSIS，ORDINARYHEATTREATMENTOBVIOUSLYDOESNOTSATISFYTHEREQUIREMENTSFORLONGTERMUSEACCORDINGTOWEARMECHANISMDISCUSSTHISTWOHEATTREATMENTTOIMPROVETHEHARDNESSANDWEARRESISTANCEOF45STEEL，ASTOIMPROVETHEPERFORMANCEOFPINHOLESLEEVEONTHESMALLSKATEBOARD，ANDIMPROVEPRODUCTIONEFFICIENCY21SUBCRITICALQUENCHEDITISWELLKNOWNTHATTHEWEARRESISTANCEOFTHESTEELHASMUCHTODOWITHTHEHARDNESS，STRENGTHANDTOUGHNESSOFTHESTEE1STEELORGANIZATION，ALLFACTORSTHATCANINCREASETHEHARDNESS，STRENGTHANDTOUGHNESSOFTHESTEELCANIMPROVETHEWEARRESISTANCEOFTHESTEEL5SUBCRITICALQUENCHEDDUETOTHEQUENCHINGTEMPERATURERANGEISBELOWINTHEAC3TWOPHASEREGIONAUSTENITEFERRITEPHASEREGION，BECAUSETHEPRESENCEOFTHEFERRITEPHASE，SOTHATTHEWORKPIECEHASGOODTOUGHNESSANDDUCTILITYAFTERQUENCHING，THEQUENCHCRACKINGTENDTOBEGREATLYREDUCEDTO6；THEQUENCHINGTEMPERATUREISLOW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