2015-2016学年工程电磁场数值计算试题程序答案

2015-2016 学年研究生工程电磁场数值计算试题1 总结有限元法计算电磁场问题的步骤，并说明什么叫正问题和逆问题？（20分）答：基本步骤分为三大步：前处理（Preprocession） ，求解（Solution） ，后处理（Postprocession） 。前处理主要包括：单元选择，材料定义，几何模型，网络划分，模型局部调整和施加荷载。求解主要包括：分析问题的类型，设定分析参数，添加荷载条件，建立荷载工况和求解。后处理主要包括:结果的文字输出（Result list）,结果的云图输出（Result contour） ，结果的矢量输出（Result vector） ，结果的路径输出（Result mapping） ，Element Table 的提取，Load Case 及组合。正文题：已知场源、边界和媒质，计算场量。给定场的计算区域、各区域的材料组成和特性，以及激励源的特性，求场域中的场量随时间、空间的分布规则。逆问题：根据场量分布要求，求取场源。根据电磁装置设定的场量值及其有关的特性的要求，求解该装置的的结构、尺寸、媒质性能参数和激励参数等。2 设计一个高压点火器，用分析其电场分布，说明影响点火器起火的主要参数，并说明怎样改变参数可以容易地点火？（20 分）建立模型如图选择两个尖端为路径，电位图和电场强度图如下图所示程序如下：/BATCH /COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.0.1 UP20090415 21:32:18 01/14/2016/input,menust,tmp,1 /GRA,POWER/GST,ON/PLO,INFO,3/GRO,CURL,ON/CPLANE,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE WPSTYLE,0/REPLOT,RESIZE /FILNAME,T2,0 /PREP7 !* /NOPR /PMETH,OFF,1KEYW,PR_SET,1 KEYW,PR_STRUC,0 KEYW,PR_THERM,0 KEYW,PR_FLUID,0 KEYW,PR_ELMAG,1 KEYW,MAGNOD,0 KEYW,MAGEDG,0 KEYW,MAGHFE,0 KEYW,MAGELC,1 KEYW,PR_MULTI,0 KEYW,PR_CFD,0 /GO !* /COM, /COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM, Electric !* !* ET,1,PLANE121 !* !* MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,PERX,1,1MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,RSVX,1,1e+10FLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0,0.1E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,-0.1E-02,0.2E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,-0.1E-02,0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,-0.3E-02,0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,-0.3E-02,-0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,-0.1E-02,-0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,-0.1E-02,-0.2E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0,-0.1E-02,0K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0.1E-02,-0.2E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0.1E-02,-0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0.3E-02,-0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0.3E-02,0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0.1E-02,0.4E-02,0 K, ,P51XFLST,3,1,8 FITEM,3,0.1E-02,0.2E-02,0 K, ,P51XLSTR, 1, 2 LSTR, 3, 2 LSTR, 4, 3 LSTR, 5, 4 LSTR, 6, 5 LSTR, 7, 8 LSTR, 6, 7 LSTR, 9, 8 LSTR, 10, 11 LSTR, 9, 10 LSTR, 12, 13 LSTR, 12, 11 LSTR, 13, 14 LSTR, 14, 1 FLST,2,14,4 FITEM,2,4 FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,2 FITEM,2,1 FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,7 FITEM,2,5 FITEM,2,10 FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,8 FITEM,2,12 FITEM,2,11 FITEM,2,13 FITEM,2,14 AL,P51X ALLSEL,ALL CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , , 1 CM,_Y1,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* CMSEL,S,_Y1 AATT, 1, , 1, 0, CMSEL,S,_Y CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 !* SMRT,6 SMRT,1 MSHAPE,0,2D MSHKEY,0!* CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , , 1 CM,_Y1,AREA CHKMSH,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* AMESH,_Y1 !* CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 CMDELE,_Y2 !* ALLSEL,ALL FINISH /SOL!* ANTYPE,0/REPLOT,RESIZE /REPLOT,RESIZE FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,4 FITEM,2,1 FITEM,2,-2 FITEM,2,13 FITEM,2,-14 /GO !* DL,P51X, ,VOLT,0FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,3 FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,-8 FITEM,2,10 /GO !* DL,P51X, ,VOLT,7000 /REPLOT,RESIZE /REPLOT,RESIZE /STATUS,SOLUSOLVE FINISH /POST1 !* /EFACET,1 PLNSOL, VOLT, 0!* /VSCALE,1,1,0 ! !* PLVECT,EF, , , ,VECT,ELEM,ON,0 PATH,1,2,30,20, PPATH,1,0,0,0.001,0,0, PPATH,2,0,0,-0.001,0,0, /PBC,PATH,1 /REPLOT /PBC,PATH,0 !* !* PDEF, ,EF,SUM,AVG /PBC,PATH, ,0 !* PLPATH,EFSUMPLPATH,SFINISH ! /EXIT,ALL（3 ）分析可得，物体击穿放电主要与材料，形状，所加电压有关。当采用统一击穿物体放电，所加电压相同和相处距离相同时，尖对尖最易击穿放电，尖对板击穿放电次之，板对板最不易放。在形状相同，击穿介质一样时，一般所加电压越高越容易击穿。综上所述：使所加电压的物体之间距离越短，形状越接近尖对尖就越容易放电。同时，选择击穿电压较低的介质也是实现击穿发电的途径。3 如图 1 所示， 、 ， ，半径 以内是金属球，10.mR20.830.12mR1R其上电位为 ，大于半径 小于半径 之间为第一种电解质（即绝缘2V1体），其相对介电常数为 ，大于半径 小于半径 之间为第二种电解质，1r23其相对介电常数 ，第二种电解质外面是导体层，该导体层接地，试分析当2r（1）当 ， ，（2） ， ，两种情况时两种电解质内1r80r180r21r和 的分布，并说明两种情况下 和 的分布不同的原因。（20 分）EDED图 1答：（1）程序：/BATCH /COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.0.1 UP20090415 11:02:26 01/12/2016/input,menust,tmp,1 /GRA,POWER/GST,ON/PLO,INFO,3/GRO,CURL,ON/CPLANE,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE WPSTYLE,0/REPLOT,RESIZE /FILNAME,T3,0 !* /NOPR /PMETH,OFF,1KEYW,PR_SET,1 KEYW,PR_STRUC,0 KEYW,PR_THERM,0 KEYW,PR_FLUID,0 KEYW,PR_ELMAG,1 KEYW,MAGNOD,0 KEYW,MAGEDG,0 KEYW,MAGHFE,0 KEYW,MAGELC,1 KEYW,PR_MULTI,0 KEYW,PR_CFD,0 /GO !* /COM, /COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM, Electric !* /PREP7 !* ET,1,PLANE121 !* !* MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,PERX,1,1MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,RSVX,1,1e+10MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,RSVX,2,1e+10MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,PERX,2,80 PCIRC,0.08,0.01,0,360, PCIRC,0.12,0.08,0,360, FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,1 FITEM,2,-2 AGLUE,P51X ALLSEL,ALL CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , , 1 CM,_Y1,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* CMSEL,S,_Y1 AATT, 1, , 1, 0, CMSEL,S,_Y CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 !* CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , , 3 CM,_Y1,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* CMSEL,S,_Y1 AATT, 2, , 1, 0, CMSEL,S,_Y CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 !* !* SMRT,6 SMRT,6 SMRT,1 MSHAPE,0,2D MSHKEY,0!* FLST,5,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,5,1 FITEM,5,3 CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , ,P51X CM,_Y1,AREA CHKMSH,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* AMESH,_Y1 !* CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 CMDELE,_Y2 !* FINISH /SOLFINISH /PREP7 ALLSEL,ALL FINISH /SOLFLST,2,4,4,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,-12 /GO !* DL,P51X, ,VOLT,0FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,5 FITEM,2,-8 /GO !* DL,P51X, ,VOLT,2000 /STATUS,SOLUSOLVE FINISH /POST1 FINISH /POST26 FILE,T3,rth,. /UI,COLL,1 NUMVAR,200 SOLU,191,NCMIT STORE,MERGE FILLDATA,191,1,1 REALVAR,191,191 FINISH /POST1 !* /EFACET,1 PLNSOL, VOLT, 0!* /VSCALE,1,1,0 ! !* PLVECT,D, , , ,VECT,ELEM,ON,0 !* /VSCALE,1,1,0 ! !* PLVECT,EF, , , ,VECT,ELEM,ON,0 FINISH ! /EXIT,ALL图 3-1D图 3-2 E（2）程序/BATCH /COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.0.1 UP20090415 11:02:26 01/12/2016/input,menust,tmp,1 /GRA,POWER/GST,ON/PLO,INFO,3/GRO,CURL,ON/CPLANE,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE WPSTYLE,0/REPLOT,RESIZE /FILNAME,T3,0 !* /NOPR /PMETH,OFF,1KEYW,PR_SET,1 KEYW,PR_STRUC,0 KEYW,PR_THERM,0 KEYW,PR_FLUID,0 KEYW,PR_ELMAG,1 KEYW,MAGNOD,0 KEYW,MAGEDG,0 KEYW,MAGHFE,0 KEYW,MAGELC,1 KEYW,PR_MULTI,0 KEYW,PR_CFD,0 /GO !* /COM, /COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM, Electric !* /PREP7 !* ET,1,PLANE121 !* !* MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,PERX,1,80MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,RSVX,1,1e+10MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,RSVX,2,1e+10MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,PERX,2,1 PCIRC,0.08,0.01,0,360, PCIRC,0.12,0.08,0,360, FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,1 FITEM,2,-2 AGLUE,P51X ALLSEL,ALL CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , , 1 CM,_Y1,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* CMSEL,S,_Y1 AATT, 1, , 1, 0, CMSEL,S,_Y CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 !* CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , , 3 CM,_Y1,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* CMSEL,S,_Y1 AATT, 2, , 1, 0, CMSEL,S,_Y CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 !* !* SMRT,6 SMRT,6 SMRT,1 MSHAPE,0,2D MSHKEY,0!* FLST,5,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,5,1 FITEM,5,3 CM,_Y,AREA ASEL, , , ,P51X CM,_Y1,AREA CHKMSH,AREA CMSEL,S,_Y !* AMESH,_Y1 !* CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 CMDELE,_Y2 !* FINISH /SOLFINISH /PREP7 ALLSEL,ALL FINISH /SOLFLST,2,4,4,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,-12 /GO !* DL,P51X, ,VOLT,0FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,5 FITEM,2,-8 /GO !* DL,P51X, ,VOLT,2000 /STATUS,SOLUSOLVE FINISH /POST1 FINISH /POST26 FILE,T3,rth,. /UI,COLL,1 NUMVAR,200 SOLU,191,NCMIT STORE,MERGE FILLDATA,191,1,1 REALVAR,191,191 FINISH /POST1 !* /EFACET,1 PLNSOL, VOLT, 0!* /VSCALE,1,1,0 ! !* PLVECT,D, , , ,VECT,ELEM,ON,0 !* /VSCALE,1,1,0 ! !* PLVECT,EF, , , ,VECT,ELEM,ON,0 FINISH ! /EXIT,ALL图 3-3 D图 3-4 E4 一个螺旋管，如图 2 所示，其中 ABCD 长方形为线圈骨架，其 EFGH 和 IJKL 两个长方形为线圈，通过线圈的电流密度为 ， MNPQ 长方形为包含整210A/mJ个螺旋管线圈的总待求区域的外边界，几个关键点坐标分别为 A（-0.025，-0.05） ，C（0.025，0.05） ，E(-0.028,-0.04)G(-0.025,0.04),I(0.025,-0.04),K(0.028,0.04),M(-0.03,-0.058),P(0.03,0.058)。（1）当线圈骨架为木头，其相对磁导率为 ，（2 ）当线圈骨架为铁磁性1r材料，其相对磁导率为 ，分别求线圈骨架为两种材质时螺旋管内部和20r外部磁感应强度的分布。（20 分）图 2答：（1）当线圈骨架是木头时：程序：/BATCH /COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.0.1 UP20090415 18:00:36 01/12/2016/input,menust,tmp,1 /GRA,POWER/GST,ON/PLO,INFO,3/GRO,CURL,ON/CPLANE,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE WPSTYLE,0/FILNAME,T4,0 !* /NOPR /PMETH,OFF,1KEYW,PR_SET,1 KEYW,PR_STRUC,0 KEYW,PR_THERM,0 KEYW,PR_FLUID,0 KEYW,PR_ELMAG,1 KEYW,MAGNOD,1 KEYW,MAGEDG,0 KEYW,MAGHFE,0 KEYW,MAGELC,0 KEYW,PR_MULTI,0 KEYW,PR_CFD,0 /GO !* /COM, /COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM, Magnetic-Nodal !* /PREP7 !* ET,1,PLANE13!* !*