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初中英语近义词辨析,主 要内容,1、“问”的方法2、“保持”与“停留”3、小心“前方”4、“喜欢”两兄弟 5、“回答”两姐妹6、“听”的艺术 7、自从与 1 8、“非常”不同9、“花费”小议10、如何“装满” 11、“如此”讲解,askask for 【结伴同行】YOU can ask your father how to get to the book store and then ask him for some money. 【句意品味】你可以问你的父亲如何去那家书店并向他要些钱。 【用法点拨】ask是“问”的意思,而ask for 是“请求、向.要.”的意思,常以ask sb for sth的句型出现。 【范例比较】1、Ask that man over there. 2、He is asking that men for help. 【同步检测】根据句意用 askaskfor的适当形式填空。 1、I want to _you the way to the hospital. 2、There is something wrong with my computer,so I should _my uncle _help. 3、The teacher _us to do our homework carefully. 4、My mother _me to go to see my grandmother last week. 5、I cant find the way to my uncles house,I need to _help.,keepstay 【结伴同行】Dont keep the patient staying in bed all the time. 【句意品味】别老让病人呆在床上。 【用法点拨】 keep 是及物动词,有“保持、留住”的意思,常用于表示保留某物或使某人某物处于某种状态;stay 是不及物动词,表示“停留”(在某地)。 【范例比较】1、The six students must keep their hands behind their backs. 2、They stay at home on Sundays. 【同步检测】根据句意用keepstay的适当形式填空。 1、Today is Sunday, so I must _at home to look after my little sister and _our house clean. 2、We are students, we should _our classroom clean all the time. 3、The other students must _their hands behind their backs. 4、_ standing in the sun, and _ quite.,in front ofin the front of 【结伴同行】There is a car in front of the house and Tom sits in the front of the car with the driver. 【句意品味】房子前面有一辆小汽车,汤姆与司机一起坐在汽车的前部。 【用法点拨】in front of 表示“在.(某范围之外)的前面”,in the front of则表示“在.(某范围之内)的前面”。 【范例比较】1、Tom is playing with Jim in fornt of the fire. 2、The introduction is always in the fornt of the book. 【同步检测】根据句意用in front ofin the fornt of 的适当形式填空。 1、The teacher is standing _ the clsss and there is a big tree _ the classroom. 2、There is a beautiful cat _the back door. 3、We always sit_ the car. 4、A big tree is _ the old house. 5、The book covers always _ the books. 6、The blackboard is _ the classroom.,enjoylike 【结伴同行】-Do you like singing? -Yes.And Ialso enjoy listening to songs. 【句意品味】-你喜欢唱歌吗? -是的。我还喜欢听歌。 【用法点拨】两者均可用作及物动词,都有喜欢之意。只是like是个普通用词,语气一般;而enjoy着重表示享受.的乐趣。两者都可跟名词、代词、动名词,而like 后还可用动词不定式。 【范例比较】 1、Tom and his friends like to play in the treehouse. 2、Do you enjoy your work,uncle? 【同步检测】根据句意用 enjoylike 的适当形式填空。 1、My sister _ watching TV,but I_ listening to the radio. 2、My friends _ to go to the mountions ,but my parents _ swimming. 3、Do you _ your new colour pencils? 4、Today is ChildrensDay.We all_ ourselves on this day.,replyanswer 【结伴而行】The reply is not an answer. 【句意品味】回答得不中肯(不称其为答复)。 【用法点拨】两者均可用作动词和名词。answer 是个通俗用词只针对question要给出的,内容简单的回答,常与ask相呼应;reply指正式的答复,常用作不及物动词. 【范例比较】1、Ask and answer. 2、Icalled you last night,but there was no reply. 【同步检测】根据句意用 replyanswer的适当形式填空。 1、Our homework is so difficult,Icant find out the _ to the questions. 2、I asked liu Ming for some money last week,but there was no _. 3、I am new here ,I dont know the way to the park ,so I cant _ your question. 4、An _ is different from a _. 5、Can you _ me where you are from ,please give me your _ quickly. 6、I wrote you many letters , but there was no_.,listenhear 【结伴而行】I didnt hear anyone shouting ,because I was listening to the radio then . 【句意品味】我没有听到任何人的叫声,因为我那时正在听收音机。 【用法点拨】listen是不及物动词,强调“听的动作”,其后若跟宾语,须有to,即listen to sb.而 hear是及物动词,强调“听的结果”,常用于句型 hear sbdosth.另外,listen可单独使用, 而hear 却不可以。 【范例比较】1、I like to listen to the pop songs. 2、He cant hear you speaking,because there is something wrong with his ears. 【同步检测】根据句意用 listenhear 的适当形式填空。 1、_! Someone is singing in the next room. 2、A:The bell is ringing,_!Can you _ it? B:I _ but I cant _ anything. 3、The radio says it is going to rain this evening,dont you _ that? 4、In the class we must _ to the teacher carefully or you cant _ anything.,since and for 【相同之处】 两者都可用作介词表示时间,常与完成时句子连用,两者引导的时间状语不能与终止性的动词的肯定式连用。 【不同点】since后接时间点,for后接时间段;since表时间还可用作连词和副词,而for表时间则无此用法。 【举例说明】1、She has been in shanghai since six years ago. 2、He has been a member of the football team for two years. 【同步检测】根据句意用since的适当形式填空。 1、She has been ill_more than a year. 2、He left here ten years ago and Ihave never heard of him_ 3、It hasnt rained_two months ago. 4、Mr Brown has travelled by train_about a week. 5、Mary has been home_eight oclock today. 6、They have been my friends_I was a child.,quite and very 【相同之处】两种均为程度副词,均可修饰副词和形容词,都有“非常”的意思。 【不同点】两者与不定冠词连用时的位置不同。即依照“a(n) + very + 形容词+ 中心名词”和“quite + a(n) + 形容词 +中心名词”或“a(n) + quite + 形容词 + 中心名词”的顺序排列。有时两者可以通用,在程度上 very 比 quite 重。另外,very 不能直接修饰动词,而 quite 却可以。 【举例说明】1、I feel quite well. 2、The factry is very large. 3、James is quite a small boy.is a very small boy. 【同步检测】根据句意用quite and very的适当形式填空。 1、I dont_understand you. 2、My hair is not _the same color as yous. 3、He is_young. 4、Ill give you_a thick book to read. 5、It is a_interesting film.,cost payspendtake 【相同之处】 四个词均表示“花费” 【不同点】 1)cost 的主语一般是“物”,而spend 的主语通常为“人”。 2) costpay 通常用于花费金钱,而 spend take即可表示花费金钱也可用于花费时间。 【常用句型】 1)It cost sb. some money. 2)sb. spend some moneyon sthin doing sth. 3)pay for sth for sb. 4)sb. pay some money for sth = sb. spend some money on sth in doing sth = sth costs sb. some money. 5) It takes sb. some time to do sth = sb. spend some time in doing sth. 【注意】take 的主语也可以是某项活动。 Eg:The work will take three weeks (to finish it).,用所给词的适当形式填空。 (costspend pay take) 1)The cap _ me 50 yuan. 2)I _ 50 yuan on the cap._ 50 yuan in buying the cap. 3)Now that you have no money, so Ill _ for you. 4)He _ 30 yuan for a pair of pants._ 30 yuan on a pair of pants.pair of pants _ him 30 yuan. 5)It _ me three hours to do my homework every day. three hours to do ny homework. 6)To finish this book _ my sister five years. 7)I will _ for the meal. 8)This beautiful skirt _ me two hundred yuan.,小试牛刀,fill and full 【启发点拨】这两个词都有“满”的意思,但用法有别: 【词性不同】:fill 是动词,意为“充满、装满”,而full 是形容词,意为“满的”。 【搭配不同】fill与with 搭配,而full和of搭配。 【注意】be filled with 与be full of同义,但前者强调的是动作,而后者侧重的是状态。 【例句对比】 1、The cup is filled with hot water. 2、He fillde the hole with sand. 3、The buse

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