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硕士论文磁流体流动与传热过程的三维格子Boltzmann方法研究I摘要格子Boltzmann方法是一种新兴的基于介观层次的数值模拟方法，它以离散的运动论和统计力学为出发点来描述流体。本文运用三维不可压格子Boltzmann模型(D3Q15)研究了磁流体的一些特性。为了解决不可压流动传热问题，文中还推导了相应的三维热模型。本文系统地介绍了格子Boltzmann方法，阐述了力相处理以及用于解决低粘度问题的分数迁移模型，描述了磁流体的基本特性，详细分析了磁流体中的受力。在上述理论的基础上，建立了磁流体流动与传热的三维格子Boltzmann模型，模拟了磁流体的宏观静止结构、热磁对流现象以及矩形通道内的流动与传热过程，分析了外加磁场属性对上述磁流体特征的影响。计算结果表明，格子Boltzmann方法能够基于介观有效地处理流体中磁性粒子上复杂的作用力，并较好地模拟磁流体的流动传热。关键词：磁流体格子Boltzmann方法磁性粒子数值模拟3D硕士论文磁流体流动与传热过程的三维格子Boltzmann方法研究IIABSTRACTThelatticeBoltzmannmethod,whichisanovelapproachofnumericalsimulationforfluidhydrodynamics,originatesfromthediscretemovementtheoryandstatisticphysicsandhasbeenappliedtosimulatetheflowandheattransferprocessesofthefluid.A3DincompressibleLatticeBoltzmannmodel(D3Q15)isproposedinthispapertoinvestigatethecharacteristicsofmagneticfluids.Inordertosolveincompressiblethermalflowproblemstherelevant3DthermalLatticeBoltzmannmodelisalsoestablished.TheLatticeBoltzmannmethodisintroducedsystematicallyinthispaper.ThemethodsdealingwithforcetermandtheLatticeBoltzmannfractionalvolumetricschemedealingwithlowviscositycasesarealsointroduced.Thenbasicpropertiesofmagneticfluidsaredescribedaswellasdetailedanalysisofforcetermsofmagneticnanofluids.Basedonmentioned-beforetheories,the3DLatticeBoltzmannmodelsformagneticfluidsareestablishedtosimulatethemesoscaledstructure,thermomagneticconvectionaswellasflowandheattransferprocessesinrectangularchannelforthemagneticfluids.Theeffectsofthecharacteristicsoftheexternalmagneticfieldonmagneticfluidsareanalyzed.NumericalresultsshowthattheLatticeBoltzmannmethodcaneffectivelydealwiththecomplexforcesactingonthemagneticnanoparticlesonthemesoscalelevel,andsimulatethecomplicatedflowandheattransferbehaviorofmagneticfluids.KeyWord：MagneticFluids,LatticeBoltzmannMethod,MagneticNanoparticles,NumericalSimulation,3D硕士论文磁流体流动与传热过程的三维格子Boltzmann方法研究III目录1.1研究背景............................................................................................................11.2论文提出............................................................................................................11.3国内外研究进展..................................................................................................41.3.1磁流体的发展与现状..............................................................................41.3.2格子Boltzmann方法的研究进展..........................................................51.3.3格子Boltzmann方法在磁流体方面的研究现状..................................71.4三维格子Boltzmann方法研究磁流体的必要性..............................................71.5本文的主要工作..................................................................................................82.1格子Boltzmann方法的发展..............................................................................92.1.1格子气自动机（LGA）...........................................................................92.1.2格子Boltzmann方法的思想................................................................102.2三维格子Boltzmann流动模型.......................................................................132.3从格子Boltzmann方程到对流传热方程........................................................143.1边界处理............................................................................................................203.2力项处理............................................................................................................233.3分数迁移............................................................................................................253.3.1流动的分数迁移模型.............................................................................253.3.2温度的分数迁移模型.............................................................................263.3.3分数迁移模型中的力项.........................................................................264.1磁流体的基本特性............................................................................................294.1.1磁化特性.................................................................................................294.1.2热磁特性.................................................................................................304.1.3表面特性.................................................................................................324.2磁流体中力的作用............................................................................................324.2.1磁性粒子间的静磁相互作用................................................................33摘要....................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT......................................................................................................................II主要符号说明...................................................................................................................V1绪论................................................................................................................................12格子Boltzmann方法..................................................................................................93格子Boltzmann方法中的处理方法........................................................................204磁流体的特性..............................................................................................................28硕士论文磁流体流动与传热过程的三维格子Boltzmann方法研究IV4.2.2磁性粒子受外磁场的作用....................................................................344.2.3布朗力....................................................................................................354.2.4范德华吸引力........................................................................................364.2.5磁性粒子受到的其它力........................................................................385.1梯度磁场下磁流体的结构...............................................................................405.2流动传热模型....................................................................................................435.2.1热磁对流.................................................................................................435.2.2矩形通道内磁流体的流动与传热模拟.................................................486.1工作总结...........................................................................................................606.2问题展望...........................................................................................................605磁流体结构与流动传热过程模拟..............................................................................396结束语..........................................................................................................................60致谢..............................................................................................................................62参考文献..........................................................................................................................63

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