托福阅读错题总结.docx

托福阅读错题总结：改变计划从第一套开始做！TPO24：细节题做完之后，通读文章，了解全文的结构和主要内容层次一、 Lake Water2、词汇题gains：这里是增量的概念所以应该是increase，而不是存量的概念savings8、比较细节题：弄清A比B还是B比A， Lake Erie 体积小，选择表述相反但正确。11、解释现象题：定位前后句，前面一句是：Climatic change影响很大，后面一句是：The slowing down of water renewal leads to a chain of further consequences，由further可以推知 The slowing down of water renewal也是前面现象的原因14、概括多选题：太细节的不选，没有提到的不选，选项一般是文章几个层次的内容。同一部分的内容不可能选两个答案。二、 Breathing During Sleep7、注意题目中的限定during NREM，和文章中的比较转折（往后看）13、归类题：要理解文章的主要内容，对各部分的内容都要熟悉三、Moving into Pueblos1、词汇题：traumatic，外力的，受迫的3、理解推断题：要理解原文想要表达的意思，原来更加自由5、细节题：定位对应段的内容，同义句的替换14、概括多选题：表述过于绝对的选项是不正确的TPO23：定位，理解，替换（分析定位句，转换含义），不要多想（文中没提到的绝对不选）一、 Urban Climates11、词汇题：modified（改进的changed）中性的改变，increased修饰不合理。定位原句：Wind movements are also modified in cities because buildings increase the friction on air flowing around them. This friction tends to slow the speed of winds。13、插入句子题：Another possibility is for the heat island to be stretched along the course of major rivers, since large waterways typically have a warming effect on the air directly above them.原文环境：The precise configuration of a heat island depends on several factors. For example, the wind can make a heat island stretch in the direction it blows. When a heat island is well developed, variations can be extreme; in winter, busy streets in cities can be 1.7 warmer than the side streets. 通过标红的词，以及并列的语义：许多原因，例如XX，另一个XX，判断插入第三处。14、多选题：分析文章的主要内容：城市热的一个现象这个热是怎么造成的形成热岛效应及其特征城市表面空气造成的其他现象此题中其他三个选项都是文中没有提到的！二、 Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture2、句子同意转述题：Importing the grain, （which would have been expensive and time consuming for the Dutch to have produced themselves）, kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods.主干：Importing the grain kept the price of grain low and thus stimulated individual demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods. 虽然由and 连接，但其实是因果关系句！Thus 一词体现出了因果关系！B.Because the Dutch were able to import inexpensive grain, they had money available to create a demand for other food products and consumer goods.符合原句的意思！4、According to的细节题，一定是文中提到过的，不需要延伸或推理。原文：The high prices encouraged the peasants to improve their animal husbandry techniques; for example, they began feeding their animals indoors in order to raise the milk yield of their cows.正确答案：Different ways of caring for dairy-producing animals（原文信息的概括）7、信息概括多选题：一定要是原文中的内容，相同含义的替换原文：In order to increase production on existing land, the peasants made more use of crop rotation and, in particular, began to apply animal waste to the soil regularly, rather than leaving the fertilization process up to the grazing livestock.第一点：They planted different crops in different sections of the farm each year.（轮作）第二点：They increased the use of fertilizers to supply more nutrients to plants.（施肥）8、代词指代题：so that they were able to lease the reclamation to farmers as early as 1612Be able to lease（出租）的主语 they 应该是人，merchants9、细节题：The richest merchants in Amsterdam contributed money to reclaim a good 7,100 hectares of land. 这是why land-reclamation projects in the first half of the seventeenth century proceeded rapidly的原因10、词汇题：legendary 传说的，传奇的famous 有名的14、内容概括多选题：差异化的生产、土地开垦、专业化的农业生产减缓了危机其余内容都是错误的或者没有提到过的。三、 Rock Art of the Australia Aborigines5、词汇题：revised 修订的，改变的changed 用中性词，不要带有主观的感情色彩6、句意理解题：The frequency with which certain simple motifs appear in these oldest sites has led rock-art researchers to adopt a descriptive termthe Panaramitee stylea label which takes its name from the extensive rock pavements at Panaramitee North in desert South Australia, which are covered with motifs pecked into the surface.答案：Because motifs primarily associated with the Panaramitee region are common in the oldest sites the term Panaramitee style has become the general term for rock art of this type.因为在这个地方发现的art有相同的图像，研究者以这个地方给它贴了一个标签。干扰选项一般都是和原句结构一致的，但是改动了局部使得含义不同。8、排除内容题：文章中定位The engravings consisted of simple animal drawings.没有提到别的段落的内容一定不能作为答案10、原文信息的提取和理解：suggested that a sequence could be determined for Australian rock art, in which a geometric style gave way to a simple figurative style (outlines of figures and animals), followed by a range of complex figurative styles that, （unlike the pan-Australian geometric tradition介词插入成分，不是后面的主语） tended to much greater regional diversity. 信息必须是文中的，重要的是句子的结构和理解问题：the complex figurative style differs from the geometric style in that the complex figurative style varies significantly from region to region 11、细节定位题：上面的原文中第一部分划线内容：The geometric style of Australian rock art was replaced by（gave way to） increasingly complex figurative styles12、in order to题：And has not twentieth-century art shown that naturalism does not necessarily follow abstraction in some kind of predetermine sequence?由has not twentieth-