河北省保定市2019届高三英语上学期期末考试试卷（含解析）.docx

2018-2019学年度第一学期高三期末调研考试英语试题本试卷由四部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。考试时间120分钟，满分150分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the speakers do this weekend？A. Take pictures of sunrise on Mount Tai.B. Take a long walk around the city.C. Take part in a photo contest.2. How does the woman probably get to work？A. On foot.B. By bus.C. By bike.3. What did the woman think of Danas speech?A. Well-prepared.B. Too long.C. Boring.4. When is Simon most likely to arrive?A. At 7:00.B. By 7:50.C. At 8:00.5. What will the man probably do?A. Go to a bar.B. Go to the cinema.C. See a film online.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各个小题将给出玉秒钟的作答时间，或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。6. When did the woman start to play the violin？A. At the age of 4.B. At the age of 7.C. At the age of 12.7. What instrument does the man think is most difficult to play？A. The violin.B. The keyboard.C. The piano.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What are the speakers mainly talking about？A. Pocket money.B. Part-time jobs.C. Study expenses.9. What does the man usually do every Friday evening？A. Look after his granny.B. Take care of his neighbors baby.C. Go to the bookstore to study.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Where are the speakers?A. In a gym.B. In a hospital.C. At the mans home.11. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Stay in bed and have a good rest.B. Lift heavy objects and walk much.C. Do light exercise but avoid tiredness.12. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Doctor and patient.B. Husband and wife.C. Trainer and trainee.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What kind of jobs seems to be in short supply?A. Writers.B. School teachers.C. Newspaper reporters.14. Where is Sharon most likely to go？A. Boston.B. New YorkC. California.15. What does James plan to do if he cant find a job？A. Continue his education.B. Start a newspaper.C. Write a book.16. Who are the speakers？A. High school teachers.B. Laid-off workers.C. Fellow students.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17. What is the speaker mainly talking about？A. School activities.B. Travelling plans.C. Outdoor courses.18. What place will the students visit？A. A lake.B. A forest.C. A beach.19. What will the students learn o do？A. Make a birdhouse.B. Feed birds.C. Design a birdbath.20. How many hours will the students spend in “Nature”?A. 12.B. 15.C. 36.第二部分：阅读理解第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APizza is a pretty universal treat, but where did it start? Here are three things you probably didnt know about pizza.1: Pizzas Origins Are Half-Baked.The Neapolitans（那不勒斯人）in Italy are proud of saying they invented pizza, but its probably more accurate to say, they perfected it. The idea of putting toppings on a flatbread and baking it started in the 6th century B. C. But the people of Naples were the first to put tomato on a flatbread in the 16th century. From its start, pizza was a food of the poor, as it was cheap, filling and easy to eat on the run. In Italian, the word “pizza” refers to anything that is made and then pressed flat.2: Pizza Margherita Is Not Exactly a Symbol of Italy.It was said some day in 1889, a local baker named Raffaele Esposito created three pizzas for Queen Margherita when she was on a tour of Italy. The queen loved the version that had tomato, basil and mozzarella cheese- and just happened to match the colors of the Italian flag. So Esposito named the pizza after her.But Pizza historian Scott Wiener points out that Italy was unified in name only in 1889 so it was unlikely any Neapolitan baker would want to celebrate “the Northern conquerors.” Further, the letter of gratitude for the pizza from the royal household that Pizzeria Brandi displays appears to be a fake（赝品）and may just have been a marketing plan.3: Hawaliian Pizza Invented by a Canadian.Sam Panopoulos, from Greece originally moved to Canada at the age of 20. In 1962, he decided to put some ham and pineapple on a pizza at one of his restaurants in Ontario.“We just put it on for fun to see how it was going to taste,” he told the BBC in 2017. Panopoulos named it the Hawaiian pizza after the brand of canned pineapple he used. The mix of sweet and savory toppings caught on with a certain part of the pizza-loving public. The inventor died in 2017.1. Who was pizza first made for?A. The people of Naples.B. The poor Neapolitan people.C. The rich Italian people.D. Queen Margherita specially.2. What can we learn about Pizza Margherita?A. It was intended to match the colors of the Italian flag.B. It was made to celebrate the Northern conquerors.C. It was made to cater for Queen Margherta.D. It was displayed in the royal house.3. How did the name of Hawaiian Pizza come?A. It was named after a brand of canned pineapple.B. It was named after a restaurant in Ontario.C. It came from a local Hawaiian cook.D. It came from the pizza-loving public.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三个关于披萨的常识。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“From its start, pizza was a food of the poor, as it was cheap, filling and easy to eat on the run.”可知，披萨最初是为贫穷的那不勒斯人制作的，因为它很便宜，故B项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The queen loved the version that had tomato, basil and mozzarella cheese So Esposito named the pizza after her. ”可知，玛格丽特披萨是烘焙师在玛格丽特女王意大利旅行时为她准备的，并以她的名字命名，故C项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Panopoulos named it the Hawaiian pizza after the brand of canned pineapple he used. ”可知，夏威夷披萨是以一种罐装菠萝而命名的，故A项正确。BIn 2012 my wife and I decided to open our bookstore in spite of unfavorable situations. The challenges facing small bookstores were-and remain-significant. Apart from the obvious rise in online selling, the increase in the popularity of e-books has negatively affected independent providers.The question is why a new, small-scale（小规模的）provide would voluntarily enter such a challenging market? From a personal view, our reasoning was sound: we wanted to share our love of great books and reading for pleasure with as many like-minded people as possible.Having done our homework, one thing became clear. In order for us to succeed, we would have to offer something that none of our larger competitors already provided. And so we started the Willoughby Book Club. We set up our website in the summer of 2012, and we havent looked back.The idea of service is simple. We offer a range of book subscription gift packages, available in three-month, six-month and 12-month options. Our customers choose a package, tell us a little about the person theyre buying it for, and we use this information to send the receiver a hand-picked, gift-wrapped book once a month. We also recently decided to give one new book to Book Aid International for every gift subscription sold. These books are sent out to sub-Saharan Africa, supporting the educational work there. Within four months of starting out, we won the Young Bookseller of the Year Award at the 2013 Bookseller awards.Our brief journey from new booksellers to award receivers has been challenging and rewarding. The biggest thing weve learned is that, despite the pressures facing independent providers, there is a place for them in the UK market. Its just a question of finding it.4. What challenges do the couple have to face when opening their bookstore?A. Their bookstore is in an unfavourable place.B. They are short of money and manpower.C. Their books tore has limited great books.D. Online selling and e-books are gaining popularity.5. What does the underlined word “sound” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. accurate B. controversialC. reliable D. safe6. In order to succeed, the couple have taken practical measures except _ .A. setting up a book clubB. building their websiteC. sending the customers gifts every monthD. aiding some Africans by giving them new boos7. Whats the authors opinion on being an independent provider?A. It is anything but challenging.B. It is difficult but worth it.C. It is too difficult to succeed.D. It is just a question.【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了尽管在线销售的明显增长，电子书的普及也对供应商产生负面影响，作者夫妇二人仍然开了一家书店，目的是与更多志同道合的人分享对好书的热爱，分享阅读的乐趣，作者认为尽管独立供应商面临很大的压力，但在英国市场仍有一席之地。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Apart from the obvious rise in online selling, the increase in the popularity of e-books has negatively affected independent providers.”可知，除了在线销售的明显增长，电子书的普及也对供应商产生了负面影响，故D项正确。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“we wanted to share our love of great books and reading for pleasure with as many like-minded people as possible.”可知，我们的理由是合理的：我们想要与更多志同道合的人分享对好书的热爱，分享阅读的乐趣，由此可知画线词词义为“合理的、可靠的”，故C项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And so we started the Willoughby Book Club. We set up our website in the summer of 2012,”及“These books are sent out to sub-Saharan Africa, supporting the educational work there.”，这对夫妇成立了图书俱乐部、建立了自己的网站，并向撒哈拉以南的非洲提供图书援助，而没有提到每个月都给顾客送礼物，故C项正确。【7题详解】观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“The biggest thing weve learned is that, despite the pressures facing independent providers, there is a place for them in the UK market. Its just a question of finding it.”可知，尽管独立供应商面临很大的压力，但在英国市场仍有一席之地，只是找到它的问题，由此可知，作者对成为独立供应商持积极的态度，虽然艰难但很值得，故B项正确。【点睛】观点态度题的难度通常很大，通过文中的已知信息把握作者的态度是关键，根据最后一段中的“The biggest thing weve learned is that, despite the pressures facing independent providers, there is a place for them in the UK market. Its just a question of finding it.”可知，尽管独立供应商面临很大的压力，但在英国市场仍有一席之地，只是找到它的问题，由此可知，作者对成为独立供应商持积极的态度虽然艰难但很值得。CHumans invention of zero was vital for modern mathematics and science, but were not the only species to consider “nothing” a number. Parrots and monkeys understand the concept of zero, and now bees have joined the club, too.Honey bees are known to have some numerical skills such as the ability to count to four, which may come in handy when keeping track of landmarks in their environment. To see whether these abilities extended to understanding zero, researchers trained 10 bees to identify the smaller of two numbers. Across a series of trials, they showed the insects two different pictures displaying a few black shapes on a white background. If the bees flew to the picture with the smaller number of shapes, they were given delicious sugar water, but if they flew toward the larger number, they were punished with bitter-tasting food.Once the bees had learned to consistently make the correct choice, the researchers gave them a new choice: a white background containing no shapes at all. Even though the bees had never seen an empty picture before, 64% of the time they chose it rather than a picture containing two or three shapes, the authors report today in Science. This suggests that the insects understood that “zero” is less than two or three. And they werent just going for the empty picture because it was new and interesting. Another group of bees trained to always choose the larger number tended to pick the nonzero image in this test.In further experiments, the researchers showed that bees understanding of zero was even more complex: for example, they were able to distinguish between one and zero-a challenge even for some other members of the zero club. Advanced numerical abilities like this could give animals an evolutionary advantage, helping them keep track of predators（捕食者）and food sources. And if an insect can display such a thorough grasp of the number zero, write the researchers, then this ability may be more common in the animal kingdom than we think.8. According to the trials, the researchers have found that bees _.A. have the same intelligence as parrots and monkeysB. can count many numbers after being trainedC. can identify the smaller number quicklyD. understand the concept of zero9. The researchers trained another group of bees to _ .A. confirm the bees are able to identify the smaller numberB. find the big difference between the two groups of beesC. prove the bees are interested in new thingsD. show the bees can be distinguished easily10. What do the researchers suggest in further experiments?A. Bees should be trained more.B. Numerical abilities could help predators find bees.C. Insects are better at understanding zero than animals.D. Animals may display a thorough grasp of the number zero.11. What is the best the title for the text?A. New Findings About Bees Concept of ZeroB. Experients on Bees Numerical SkillsC. Complex Trials About the Zero ClubD. A Science Report of the Species of Bees【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员通过试验发现蜜蜂能够理解数字零的概念。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This suggests that the insects understood that “zero” is less than two or three.”可知，根据试验，研究人员发现蜜蜂能够理解零的概念，故D项正确。【9题详解】推理判断题。第二段说研究人员训练十只蜜蜂来识别两个数字中较小的那一个，再结合第三段中的“Another group of bees trained to always choose the larger number tended to pick the nonzero image in this test.”可知，另一组训练总是挑选较大数字的蜜蜂倾向于选择非零图像，研究人员训练这组蜜蜂的目的就是为了证实蜜蜂能够识别较小的数字，故A项正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And if an insect can display such a thorough grasp of the number zero, write the researchers, then this ability may be more common in the animal kingdom than we think.”可知，进一步的研究表明动物能够完全掌握零的概念，故D项正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段中的“Parrots and monkeys understand the concept of zero, and now bees have joined the club, too.”可知，本文介绍了研究人员通过试验发现蜜蜂能够理解数字零的概念，故A项正确。【点睛】科普类说明文的主旨大意题难度很大，抓住文章的主题句是关键，这类文章的主题句一般会出现在文章第一段，例如本篇第4题，根据第一段中的“Parrots and monkeys understand the concept of zero, and now bees have joined the club, too.”可知，本文介绍了蜜蜂也像鹦鹉和猴子一样能够理解数字零的概念。DSome people dream about becoming engineers, Luckily, the new IMAX film Dream Big shows how engineering can improve peoples lives. It teaches viewers how engineers use high-tech to help the world. The film hits IMAX theaters nationwide on February 17 to celebrate Engineers Week.The film, taking place in locations like China, Dubai and Africa, tells the stories of engineers who try to come up with creative ideas to save energy and help people.Dream Big was directed by Greg MacGillivray who has 38 films under his belt, including some of the most successful films ever shown in IMAX theaters.How did MacGillivray get into the moviemaking business? “I grew up at the beach. My first movies were about surfing and the ocean. As time went on, I saw the changes in the ocean including polluting and overfishing. So I started making films about conservation of nature.” He told TFK. Now, his films cover a variety of topics, from the natural world to human creation.One of the engineers in Dream Big is Angelica Hernandez. In high school, she was on a team that best MIT, a university, in an underwater robotics competition. Today, the engineering work she does focuses on helping people use less energy and save money and resources. “I work with companies to promote energy efficiency with their commercial customers, so its really trying to push forward all the measures that customers and high-energy users can apply, she explains.Engineering is such a good job-you make good money, travel around the world, solve amazing problems and help people.” She says.The mission of Dream Big is to show people the good that engineers can do to the world. “That was the impulse of making this movie”, MacGillivray explains, “We want to explain engineering in a way that will get the kids very excited about it.” “Whoever and wherever you are, you can become an engineer,” he adds, “All you need is the creative spirit.”12. Who are the main characters in Dream Big?A. Engineers. B. Businessmen.C. Viewers. D. Environmentalists.13. What do MacGillivray and Angelica Hernandez have in common?A. They can make robots.B. They are good at filming.C. They have won awards in competitions.D. They care about environmental protection.14. What is MacGillivrays purpose of saying the words in the last paragraph?A. To advise people to have big dreams.B. To promote his film Dream Big.C. To encourage people to be engineers.D. To share his success of Dream Big.15. What can we infer from the text?A. Angelica Hernandez will act in more films.B. Dream Big calls on people to learn from engineers.C. Dream Big encourages people to make money by being engineers.D. Engineers have done a lot to help directors to develop IMAX films.【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了最新的IMAX电影远大梦想，这部电影讲述了工程师想出有创意的点子来节省能源和帮助人们的故事，并号召人们向工程师学习。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The film, taking place in locations like China, Dubai and Africa, tells the stories of engineers who try to come up with creative ideas to save energy and help people.”可知，最新的IMAX电影远大梦想介绍了工程师想出有创意的点子来节省能源和帮助人们的故事，由此可知远大梦想的主要人物是工程师，故A项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As time went on, I saw the changes in the ocean including polluting and overfishing. So I started making films about conservation of nature.”可知，当MacGillivray看到了污染和过度捕捞，他开始制作关于保护自然的电影；根据第四段中的“the engineering work she does focuses on helping people use less energy and save money and resources.”可知，Angelica Hernandez的工作重点是帮助人们使用更少的能源，节省钱和资源，由此可知，这两个人的共同点是都关注环境保护，故D项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Whoever and wherever you are, you can become an engineer,” he adds, “All you need is the creative spirit.”可知，无论你是谁，无论你在哪，你都可以成为一名工程师，你所需要的只是创新精神，由此可知MacGillivray的话的目的是鼓励人们成为工程师，故C项正确。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The mission of Dream Big is to show people the good that engineers can do to the world. “That was the impulse of making this movie”可知，远大梦想就是为了向人们展示工程师为世界做的好事，这就是拍这部电影的目的，由此可知，远大梦想号召人们向工程师学习，故B项正确。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Find a quiet location. Keep a routine. Focus on one subject at a time. It all seems lik