2019届中考英语复习第一篇语言基础知识第9课八上Units9_10基础知识.docx

第9课 八上 Units 910课前预热中考词汇拓展重点易错单词1. exam 考试2. available 有空的；可获得的3. until 直到为止4. accept 接受5. refuse 拒绝6. weekday 工作日7. surprised 惊奇的；感到意外的8. concert 音乐会9. guest 客人；贵宾10. upset 难过的；沮丧的11. teenager 青少年12. unless 除非13. wallet 钱包14. mile 英里15. understanding 善解人意的16. trust 相信；信任17. experience 经验；经历词汇拓展1. prepare（v.） preparation （n.）准备；准备工作2. hang（v.） hung （过去式/过去分词）悬挂；垂下3. catch（v.） caught （过去式/过去分词）及时赶上；接住；抓住4. invite（v.） invitation （n.）邀请；请柬5. accept（v.） refuse （反义词）拒绝6. print（v.） printed （过去式/过去分词）打印；印刷 printer （n.）打印机；印刷厂；印刷工人7. sad（adj.） sadly （adv.）悲哀地 sadness （n.）悲哀；忧伤；忧愁8. with（prep.） without （反义词）没有；不（做某事）9. open（v.） close （反义词）关闭 open （adj.）开着的 opening （n.）开幕式；落成典礼10. organize（v.） organized （过去式/过去分词） organizing （现在分词）组织；筹备 organization （n.）组织；机构；团体11. he（pron.） him （人称代词宾格）他 his （形容词性物主代词）他的 his （名词性物主代词）他的 himself （反身代词）他自己12. advice（n.） advise （v.）建议；劝告；忠告13. travel（v.） traveled/travelled （过去式/过去分词） traveling/travelling （现在分词）旅行；游历14. normal（adj.） normally （adv.）通常；正常地15. certain（adj.） certainly （adv.）无疑；肯定；当然；行16. angry（adj.） angrily （adv.）愤怒地；生气地17. understand（v.） understood （过去式/过去分词）理解；懂 understanding （adj. & n.）善解人意的；体谅人的；谅解；理解18. solve（v.） solved （过去式/过去分词） solving （现在分词）解决；解答 solution （n.）解决方案19. experience（n.） experiences （pl.）经历 experienced （adj.）熟练的；富有经验的中考词组短语词 组1. another time别的时间2. hang out闲逛3. the day before yesterday前天4. the day after tomorrow后天5. look after照顾6. turn down an invitation拒绝邀请7. take a trip去旅行8. look forward to sth./doing sth. 期待（做）某事9. hear from收到（某人的）信10. keep to oneself保守秘密11. in half分成两半12. have the flu患流感13. go bike riding骑车兜风14. think of games to play 想出可玩的游戏15. so that以便16. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事17. take a taxi坐出租车18. travel around the world周游世界19. make a lot of money赚很多钱20. get an education受教育21. have problems with有困难22. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事23. keep thinking一直想着24. make careless mistakes犯粗心的错误25. be more careful更仔细的26. feel the same way as sb. 与某人的感受一样27. be halfway to （doing） sth. 完成了或做了某事的一部分中考句型回顾书面表达素材1. 邀请I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library at No. 9 High School.我想邀请你来参加第9中学新图书馆的落成典礼。Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday.请在周五前以书面形式对此邀请作出回复。I look forward to hearing from you all.我期待收到你们所有人的来信。Im glad to help out with any of the party preparation.我很乐意分担聚会的任何准备工作。I have to prepare for an exam. 我必须为考试作准备。2. 作决定Im not sure how to go to the party. 我还不确定怎样去参加聚会。 If I walk, it will take me too long. 如果我走着去，那将花费我太多时间。 Unless we talk to someone, well certainly feel worse.除非我们找人聊聊，否则我们一定会感到更糟糕的。In English, we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. 在英语中，我们说与人分担一个烦恼就像把烦恼分成两半。语法精萃 If it doesnt rain tomorrow, hell go fishing. 如果明天不下雨，他将去钓鱼。（if引导的条件状语从句，要体现主将从现）We might have to meet their friend. 我们可能将不得不去见他们的朋友。（情态动词might表可能）情景交际 Can you come to my party on Saturday? 你周六能来我的聚会吗？Sure, Id love to. 当然，我很乐意。Sorry/Im afraid not/Im not available（free）. I have to study for a math test.抱歉/恐怕不行/我没空。我不得不为数学考试而学习。 Whats today? 今天几号，星期几？Its Monday, the 14th. 今天14号，星期一。课堂突破中考重点单词与短语一、around的用法【例句展示】1. I usually get up at around 6:15.我通常大约6:15起床。2. When I get to a new city, I like to walk around the city first.当我到达一个新城市，我喜欢先逛逛这个城市。【精讲辨析】1. around作副词，意为“大约”，相当于about。2. around作介词，意为“绕着”。相关短语：around the world全世界；look around环顾四周。【活学活用】根据汉语意思翻译句子。1. 昨晚飞机大约8：30起飞。The plane took off at_ 8:30 last night.2. 她四周看看，像是在寻找什么东西。She looked_ as if she was looking for something.二、else的用法【例句展示】1. What else did you do?你还做了什么事情？2. Would you like something else?你还想要些别的东西吗？3. Where else shall we go?我们还去其他地方吗？【精讲辨析】else表示“其他的；别的；还”，通常用于疑问词和something, anything, nothing, nobody等不定代词之后。【活学活用】根据汉语提示完成句子。There is nothing_ （别的） except two eggs in the fridge.三、unless的用法【例句展示】1. Unless we talk to someone, well certainly feel worse.如果我们不与人聊聊，肯定会感觉更糟。2. I wont go to the party unless I hear from her.我将不去参加聚会，除非我收到她的来信。3. Youll be late unless you hurry up.=Youll be late if you dont hurry up.如果你不快点儿，你将会迟到。【精讲辨析】1. unless作连词，意为“除非；如果不；除了”，引导条件状语从句。2. unless可与if引导的否定条件状语从句进行同义句转换。【活学活用】用适当的连词填空。May I go to Jinbao Park with you next Sunday?No, you cant_ you have a ticket. I have only one ticket.四、leave的用法【例句展示】He is leaving here the first week in June and staying there until September.他将在六月的第一周离开，而且将待在那里直到九月。【精讲辨析】1. leave作及物动词，其用法有：（1）表示“离开”。其延续性表达为：be away。如：The Greens will leave Beijing for London next week.格林一家下星期将离开北京去伦敦。（2）表示“留下”。后接地点，意为“把某物忘在某地”。但区别于forget, forget不与地点连用。如：I left my notebook in the dormitory.我把笔记本忘在宿舍里了。（3）表示“剩下”。如：How much time is there left?还剩下多少时间？2. leave作不及物动词，意为“去；出发”。如：Its time for us to leave. 我们该走了。3. 相关短语：leave for动身去；leave by oneself把某人单独留下；leave a message留口信。4. 其过去式和过去分词都为left。left还可作形容词，意为“左边（的）”。如：turn left左转; on the left在左边5. leaves还是名词leaf（树叶）的复数形式。【活学活用】用适当的词或短语填空。1. I_ my science book in the library yesterday.2. Sorry, I_ your e-mail address, please tell me again.3. He_ from his hometown for ten years.4. Dont worry. There are still twenty minutes_ .中考重点句型一、If you go to the party， you will have a great time.如果你去聚会的话，你会玩得很开心。【例句展示】1. If it rains, we will stay at home.如果下雨，我们将待在家里。2. I dont know if he will come.我不知道他是否会来。【归纳提高】1. 当if意为“如果”时，引导的是条件状语从句，若主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。2. 当if意为“是否”时，引导的是宾语从句，从句时态根据事实判断。【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。1. If our government_ （not pay） attention to controlling food safety now, our health_ （be） in danger.2. I wonder if Jim_ to the party next Friday. If he_ , Ill come, too. （come）二、Whats today? 今天几月几日，星期几？【例句展示】Whats today?今天几月几日，星期几？Its Tuesday， May 18th.5月18日，星期二。【归纳提高】1. Whats today? 询问几号、星期几。2. Whats the date today? 询问几号。3. What day.? 询问星期几。【活学活用】根据答句完成问句。1. _ ?Its Sunday, the third.2. _ today?Its November 10th.3. _ it today?Its Friday.三、Can you come to my party?你能来参加我的聚会吗？【例句展示】1. Can you come to my home for dinner?你能来我家吃晚饭吗？Im sorry. I cant.很抱歉，我不能来。2. Could you go shopping with me?你能和我一起去购物吗？Sure, Id love to.当然可以，我很乐意。【归纳提高】Can you.? 意为“你能吗”，表示客气地请求某人做某事。接受邀请常用I would（Id） love to.或者Certainly.等为应答。如有事不能接受邀请，则用Im sorry./Sorry, I cant.或Im sorry. I have to.或Im afraid not. I must.或Im not available/free. I have to.。在这种句式中，用could比can语气更委婉，显得更有礼貌，而用can则较随便。【活学活用】根据汉语意思翻译句子。彼得，你能到楼下来帮我一把吗？好的，妈妈。我来了。Peter,_ come downstairs and do me a favor?Yes, Mom. I_ .中考词语辨析一、hear, hear of/about与hear from【例句展示】1. I often hear him sing in the next room.我常听他在隔壁唱歌。2. I heard that he would come to China next Monday.我听说他下星期一会来中国。3. I dont know the writer, but I have heard of/about him.我不认识这位作家，但是听说过他。4. I havent heard from him for a long time.我好长时间没收到他的来信了。【辨异突破】1. hear意为“听见”。相关短语：hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事；hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事。2. hear+that从句，表示直接听到或听说。3. hear from意为“收到的来信”，同义短语：get a letter from sb.或receive a letter from sb.。4. hear about/of意为“听说；得知”，有时可通用。【活学活用】根据汉语提示完成句子。1. Listen!Can you hear anybody_ （玩耍） basketball outside?2. I_ （听说） they will have seven days off next week.3. The man was_ （听见） to argue with his wife last night.4. Were all glad to_ （听说） your success.5. I_ （收到来信） him yesterday.6. I have never_ （得知） the place.二、see sb. do sth.与see sb. doing sth.【例句展示】1. I saw him come into the classroom.我看到他走进了教室。2. I saw him cleaning the blackboard.我看到他正在擦黑板。【辨异突破】1. see sb. do sth.意为“看到某人做某事”，指动作的全过程，do是动词原形，作宾语的补足语。常与often搭配。2. see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”，doing作宾语的补足语，表示动作正在进行。常与just now，when I passed等连用。【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空。1. When I passed his room, I saw him_（play） the violin.2. I often see some boys_ （play） soccer in the park.三、advice与suggestion【例句展示】1. Heres a piece of advice for you.这儿有一条给你的建议。2. He made a good suggestion at the meeting.他在会议上提出了一个好的建议。【辨异突破】advice和suggestion都意为“建议”。advice是不可数名词；suggestion是可数名词。【活学活用】用advice或suggestion的适当形式填空。Could you give me some_ ?四、at the end of, in the end与by the end of【例句展示】1. At the end of this term, we will have a big exam.这学期结束时，我们将有一次大型考试。2. They succeeded in the end.他们最后成功了。3. Our school will be a modern one by the end of 2015.到2015年末，我们学校将会成为一所现代化的学校。【辨异突破】1. at the end of在末端；在结束时。既表示时间又表示位置。2. in the end最终；最后。相当于at last或finally。3. by the end of到末；到末为止。主要表示时间，常与完成时态连用。【活学活用】用at the end of, in the end或by the end of填空。1. You will see the post office_ the road.2. We had planted 10,000 trees_ last year.3._ , they reached a place of safety.五、travel, journey, trip与tour【例句展示】1. Im going to travel to Africa.我打算到非洲旅行。（作动词）2. He came home after years of foreign travel.在国外旅行多年之后他回来了。（作名词）3. They decided to take a train journey.他们决定坐火车旅行。（作名词）4. I enjoyed our trip to the seaside.我很喜欢那次到海边的旅行。（作名词）5. They are on a wedding tour.他们正在新婚旅行。（作名词）【辨异突破】1. travel常指远距离旅行或国外旅行，既可作动词，又可作名词。作动词时，常用词组为travel to.。2. journey常指远距离的陆地旅行，多用作名词。3. trip常指短距离的旅行。4. tour常指观光、考察等环游旅行。既可作名词，也可作动词。【活学活用】根据汉语提示完成句子。1. Last year I_ （旅游） to Hainan with my family.2. After a long_ （行程）, they get very tired.3. How was your school_ （郊游）?4. He_ （环游） America last year.当堂检测一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 normal invite mistake without he 1. Thanks for the_ to your house-warming party.2. Sam got up so late that he hurried to school_breakfast this morning.3. She made a lot of_ in her English homework.4. He made a beautiful birthday card for_ yesterday.5. The journey to the lake_ takes about two hours.二、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。 A man arrived at a small village after a long trip. He was tired and hungry for days because he was so 1_（粗心的） that he lost his 2_（钱包） two days ago. He had no money to buy food. He felt 3_（沮丧的） when he saw the only thing he hada cooking pot. “I might die of hunger（饥饿） 4_（除非） I could find some food,” he thought.Then he made a fire and started to cook soup with some water and a small round stone（石头）. A few villagers saw that and felt strange. One asked, “What are you doing?”“Im cooking stone soup,” said the man. He told the villagers that he was an 5_（专家） on outdoor survival（生存） skills and he had walked hundreds of6_（英里）. Then he tasted his soup and said, “Oh, its good, but it could be better with some salt. Could you bring me some salt, please?”“7_（当然）,” a man said and went back home. A few minutes later, he came back with some salt.Then the man told them some interesting 8_（经历） he had and said that some carrots would make the soup more delicious. Of course he got some carrots.The man 9_（保持） talking and casually（不经意地） asked for onions, some meat, potatoes to bring out the flavor（味道） of the soup. All the villagers 10_（相信） him.Finally, the soup was ready and everyone enjoyed the soup that was started with a stone.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. He is_ （prepare） for the math test