广东省梅州市曾宪梓中学2018_2019学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）.docx

梅州市曾宪梓中学2018-2019学年度高一上期期末英语试题第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分20分)第一节 听力理解 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A 、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第一段对话，回答第1-3题1. What is Mr. Yale like?A. He is serious but outgoing. B. He is friendly but shy. C. He talks too much.2. What does the man think of Miss Tate?A. She is serious. B. She is talkative. C. She is nice and sweet.3. Why dose Mr. Yale take Miss Tates place?A. Because she is ill in hospital.B. Because she is doing her homework.C. Because she cant get any work done in class.听第二段对话，回答第4-6题4. Where does the conversation most likely take place?A. In a travel agency.B. At the reception desk of a hotel.C. At the booking office of the airport.5. When must the woman leave her room?A. At 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.B. At 2:30 p.m. tomorrow.C. At 3:30 p.m. tomorrow.6. What suggestion does the man make for the womans departure?A. The woman should leave the hotel at 2 p.m.B. The woman should stay in the hotel for another day.C. The woman should leave the hotel a bit earlier in case of traffic jam.听第三段对话，回答第7-9题7. What does the mother do when her son reads a book?A. She also wants to read it.B. She keeps a close watch on him.C. She doesnt want him to read it.8. What does the son feel?A. Happy. B. Proud. C. Anxious.9. What do we know about the sons girl friend?A. She hasnt met his mother yet.B. She always criticizes the boy.C. She doesnt want to see him any more.听第四段对话，回答第10-12题10. How will the woman travel to her destination?A. By train. B. By car. C. By sea.11. Where did Laura and Kate first meet?A. In Vermont. B. In New York. C. In Manhattan.12. What will Laura and Kate do in New York on Saturday night?A. To stay in a music camp.B. To talk at home.C. To hear the New York Philharmonic.听第五段对话，回答第13-15题13. What does the speaker prefer to do to spend the spare time?A. Stay at home. B. Go outdoors. C. Watch TV.14. What are needed for a healthy body?A. Fresh air, sunlight and enough physical exercises.B. Sunlight, enough physical exercises and reading.C. Fresh air, enough physical exercises and enjoy music.15. Which of the following is the disadvantage at outdoors activities?A. Take a lot of time and money.B. Meeting a lot of people.C. Spend too much time indoors.第二节 听取信息（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为16至20的空格中。听录音前你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有80秒钟的作答时间。TimeReported actionAt 11 p.m.Albert Sung (16) the man and wanted to see him urgently.(17) to 12:25 a.m.The man arrived and was waiting for Albert with Jean in.At (19)The man found Alberts body in (20) .第二部分 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意然后从2135各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in her/his life, she/he might go home and write in her/his diary. Now a teenager with the same problems might go onto the Internet to _1_ blogs. In many ways a diary and a blog are very different. So, what makes blogging _2_ from writing in a traditional diary?The biggest _3_ is that blogging is much more _4_ than a diary. Usually, a teenager treats her/his diary like a book full of _5_ that she/he does not want to _6_.Its _7_ that someone who writes in a blog instead of a diary will probably write nearly the same information.I have a little sister, and sometimes I go online to read her _8_. She writes things about daily life. When I was her age, I wrote about the same things, but only in my diary. Then, after I had finished writing, I would _9_ my diary in a secret place to _10_ my sister seeing it.The biggest _11_ with blogging is that anyone can read what you write, and _12_ , if you ever wrote something bad about a friend, that friend might read your blog. But in your diary it is not the same. So youd better think about things _13_before you write.There are also _14_ to blogging, of course. If you were feeling _15_ one day and wrote in your diary, no one would know about it. However, if the same sentence was written in your blog, your best friends would quickly respond and tell you how much they like you.1. A. read B. see C. create D. write2. A. influence B. result C. differ D. separate3. A. danger B. benefit C. shortcoming D. difference4. A. convenient B. attractive C. quick D. public5. A. feelings B. thoughts C. secrets D. puzzles6. A. publish B. solve C. tell D. share7. A. funny B. interesting C. lively D. possible8. A. web B. blog C. diary D. report9. A. hide B. expose C. quit D. search10. A. let B. stop C. avoid D. request11. A. trouble B. mistake C. problem D. doubt12. A. therefore B. besides C. then D. now13. A. hopefully B. carefully C. forgetfully D. wonderfully14. A. mistakes B. advantages C. uses D. values15. A. happy B. calm C. angry D. sad【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。目前上网写“博客”成为一种时髦，那么什么是博客呢？文章作者通过自己的体会以及自己妹妹的例子说明“博客”即网络日记与传统日记的相似之处和区别。【1题详解】考查动词辨析。A. read读； B. see看；C. create创造；D. write写。句意：现在一个有同样问题的青少年可能会上网写博客。博客就是网络日记，所以需要写博客。故D 选项正确。【2题详解】考查动词辨析。A. influence影响；B. result导致；C. differ不同；D. separate分离。句意：那么，是什么让博客不同于传统日记？differ from“与不同”符合语意。故 C选项正确。【3题详解】考查名词辨析。A. danger危险；B. benefit益处；C. shortcoming缺点； D. difference不同。句意：最大的不同是，博客比日记更公开。由“ So, what makes blogging differ from writing in a traditional diary”可知，本句是对上句的回答，所以用了difference。故 D选项正确。【4题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. convenient方便的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. quick快的； D. public公开的。句意：最大的不同是，博客比日记更公开。由下文可知，青少通常把自己的日记当成一本不想与别人分享的充满秘密的书。所以判断出，博客是在网上写的，比日记更公开。故 D 选项正确。【5题详解】考查名词辨析。A. feelings感觉；B. thoughts 想法；C. secrets秘密；D. puzzles难题。句意：通常，一个青少年把她/他的日记当成一本她/他不想分享的充满秘密的书。日记不具有公开性，所以一个青少年把她/他的日记当成一本她/他不想分享的充满秘密的书。故 C 选项正确。【6题详解】考查动词辨析。A. publish出版；B. solve解决；C. tell告诉；D. share分享。句意：通常，一个青少年把她/他的日记当成一本她/他不想分享的充满秘密的书。日记不具有公开性，而具有保密性，所以青少年不想和其他人分享自己的秘密。故D选项正确。【7题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. funny滑稽的；B. interesting有趣的；C. lively活跃的；D. possible可能的。句意：有趣的是，在博客里而不是在日记里写东西的人可能写的信息几乎是一样的。博客的形式与日记不同但写的内容是几乎相同的，所以作者认为这个很有趣。故B 选项正确。【8题详解】考查名词辨析。A. web网；B. blog博客；C. diary日记；D. report报告。句意：我有个妹妹，有时我上网读她的博客。由 “go online”可知，上网去读的是博客。故B选项正确。【9题详解】考查动词辨析。A. hide隐藏；B. expose暴露 ；C. quit退出；D. search 搜查。句意：然后，在我写完之后，我会把我的日记藏在一个秘密的地方，以免让我姐姐看到。“ When I was her age, I wrote about the same things, but only in my diary.”可知，作者在她妹妹这个年龄，只在日记里写相同的东西，所以会把自己写的日记藏起来，避免被姐姐看到。故A 选项正确。【10题详解】考查动词辨析。A. let让；B. stop 停止；C. avoid 避免；D. request要求。句意：然后，在我写完之后，我会把我的日记藏在一个秘密的地方，以免让我姐姐看到。藏起来的目的就是为了避免让姐姐看到。avoid doing sth“避免做某事”符合句意。故 C 选项正确。【11题详解】考查名词辨析。A. trouble 麻烦；B. mistake错误；C. problem问题；D. doubt怀疑。句意：写博客最大的问题是任何人都能读到你写的东西，因此，如果你曾经写过朋友的坏话，那个朋友可能会读你的博客。the problem with “在方面有问题”符合句意。故C选项正确。【12题详解】考查副词辨析。A. therefore因此；B. besides此外；C. then然后；D. now现在。句意：写博客最大的问题是任何人都能读到你写的东西，因此，如果你曾经写过朋友的坏话，那个朋友可能会读你的博客。根据句意，可知这里的therefore表示因果关系。故A 选项正确。【13题详解】考查副词辨析。A. hopefully有希望地；B. carefully仔细地；C. forgetfully 不 经 心 地；D. wonderfully精彩地。句意：所以你写之前最好仔细考虑一下。这段说明了博客所带来的问题，所以劝诫在写之前要仔细考一下再去写。故B选项正确。【14题详解】考查名词辨析。A. mistakes错误；B. advantages优势；C. uses用途； D. values价值。句意：写博客也有好处。由本段的内容可知，在说明博客的优点。故B 选项正确。【15题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. happy 快乐的；B. calm 镇定的；C. angry生气的；D. sad悲伤的。句意：如果有一天你感到悲伤并写在了日记里，没有人会知道。本段列举和对比“如果你感到悲伤”如果写在传统日记和写在博客的区别，意在说明博客的优势。故D选项正确。第二节语法填空One day Mary was busy working in her office in London _16_ she received an E-mail from her friend Joan .In Joans e-mail, she persuaded Mary _17_( look) for a flat in London for her. As she had _18_ (little) money at her command than before, the flat had to be cheap, but it had to be modern, with elevators, gas lines. It had to be in the _19_ (east) part of London, with petrol and subway stations nearby. Though Mary found _20_difficult to find such a flat, she still went from one block to another, looking for a flat _21_would meet Joans requirements. Having tried too many times, Mary met her boss and politely asked him _22_advice. It was the first time that she _23_ (talk) with his boss about her personal problems. It happened that the boss just had such a flat for rent, so they quickly reached _24_agreement. But to her surprise, when she e-mailed Joan, telling her the good news, Joan said that she had changed _25_ mind- she was not returning to London.【答案】16. when 17. to look 18. less 19. eastern 20. it 21. which 22. for 23. had talked 24. an 25. her【解析】这是一篇记叙文。叙述了Mary千辛万苦地帮助朋友Joan找到了房子，Joan却改变了主意，不回伦敦了。【16题详解】考查连词。句意：一天，玛丽正忙着在伦敦的办公室里工作，这时她收到了朋友琼的一封电子邮件。分析句子可知，空处缺少连词。be doing sth.when.“正在做某事，正在那时.”为固定搭配。其中when为并列连词，意思为“正在那时”。故填when。【17题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：琼的电子邮件中，她强烈要求玛丽在伦敦为她找一套公寓。persuade sb to do sth“说服某人做某事”。故填 to look。【18题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：由于她所支配的钱比以前少了，所以这套公寓必须便宜，但公寓必须是新式的，有电梯，有煤气管道。由“than”可知，应使用little的比较级less。故填less。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：它必须在伦敦东部，附近有加油站和地铁站。eastern为形容词修饰名词part。故填eastern。【20题详解】考查代词。句意：虽然玛丽觉得很难找到这样一套公寓，但她还是从一个街区走到另一个街区，寻找一套能满足琼要求的公寓。find+it +adj +to do sth其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式。故填it。【21题详解】考查关系代词。句意：虽然玛丽觉得很难找到这样一套公寓，但她还是从一个街区走到另一个街区，寻找一套能满足琼要求的公寓。分析句子可知，a flat为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为which。故填which。【22题详解】考查介词。句意：尝试了很多次之后，玛丽遇到了她的老板，并礼貌地征求他的意见。ask sb for advice“向某人征求意见”为固定短语。故填for。【23题详解】考查过去完成时。句意：这是她第一次和老板谈论她的个人问题。It was +the+序数词+that+sb had done “某人第一次做某事”为固定用法。故填had talked 。【24题详解】考查冠词。句意：碰巧老板有这样一套这样的房子要租，所以他们很快就达成了协议。reach an agreement“达成协议”为固定短语。故填 an。【25题详解】考查代词。句意：但令她吃惊的是，当她给琼发电子邮件告诉她这个好消息时，琼说她改变主意了-她不回伦敦了。change ones mind“改变主意”为固定短语，本句说的是Joan改变了主意，所以形容词性物主代词为her。故填her。第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分）第一节：阅读理解 （共15小题，每题1.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AElizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.26. Why couldnt Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?A. She couldnt get admitted to medical schoolB. She decided to further her education in ParisC. A serious eye problem stopped herD. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States27. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeths chances for becoming a doctor?A. She was a woman.B. She wrote too many letters.C. She couldnt graduate from medical school.D. She couldnt set up her hospital.28. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?A. Eight years B. Ten yearsC. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years29. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell, except that she _.A. became the first woman physicianB. was the first woman doctorC. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and childrenD. set up the first medical school for women30. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _.A. England B. ParisC. the United States D. New York City【答案】26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C【解析】试题分析：本文讲的是主人公伊丽莎白是如何当上医生和开立医院的及她在成为女医生的路上所遭受的困难，可以说她的医生之路是一部励志史，鼓励人们不畏艰难努力实现自己的梦想。【26题详解】细节题。在第二段中“She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.”可看出她不能当外科医生是因为她眼睛出现了很严重的问题，故选C。【27题详解】细节题。在第一段中“That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century.”和最后一段中“Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman.”可以知道在她那个时代女性要成为一名医生是很难的，因为有性别歧视，故选A。【28题详解】细节推断题。从第二段和第三段可看出，她从医学院毕业是在1849年，而开办医院是在1857年，中间相隔8年，故选A。【29题详解】推断题。在最后一段中“By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.”直到1857年，伊莎贝拉、她妹妹（也是一个医生）和另外一位女医生成功开办一所医院，这是第一家为女性和孩子设立的医院，另外，她成为第一个女性内科医师并创立自己的医院，并且为女性开办了第一所医学院。因而可以排除A、C、D项，至于她是第一个女医生，文章并未道明，并且这里说她的姐姐或妹妹也是一个医生，因而不能判断她是不是第一个女医生，故选B。【30题详解】推断题。从文章可知主人公虽出身英国，但10岁移居美国，然后在28岁时毕业于费城的一个医学院 ，然后在巴黎呆了几年就回美国国开了自己的医院。总的来说，她一生大部分时间是在美国度过的，故选C。考点：考查记叙文阅读BHave you eaten too much over the holidays? You should try fidgeting for a while. Those around you might not like it, but scratching (moving your nails (指甲) against a part of your body) and twitching (moving suddenly and quickly when you dont want to) is an important way of burning up calories (卡路里).American researchers have found that some peoples squirming (continuously turn your body when nervous) and wigging (move in small movements, especially from side to side) equals (等于) several miles of slow running each day.The scientists, based at the National Institute of Healths laboratory in Phenix, Arizona, are studying why some people get fat and other stay slim.In one study 177 people each spent 24 hours in a room in the institute where the amount (量) of energy is measured by their oxygen and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) levels. By the end of the day, some people had burned up 800 calories in toe-tapping, (moving the front part of your foot up and down) finger-drumming (hitting your fingers continuously and lightly against something hard) and other nervous habits. However, others had burned up only 100 calories.The researchers found that slim（苗条的）women fidget more than fat women, but there was no significant difference in men. Heavy people burn up more energy when they fidget than do thin people.31. Which of the following can be used to explain the meaning of “fidgeting”?A. scratching and twitching. B. squirming and wigging.C. slow running. D. moving ones body nervously.32. We can know from the passage that scientists believe the reason why some people get fat and other people stay slim is that _ .A. thin people burn up less calories than fat people.B. fat people burn up more calories than thin people.C. those who burn up more calories than others will be thinner.D. those who fidget more than others will be thinner.33. Scientists found in the experiment that _ .A. the energy burned up by fat people when they fidget was more than that burned up by thin people when they fidget.B. some peoples fidgeting burned up more than 800 calories, but some peoples fidgeting burned up less than 100 calories.C. slim women fidget more than fat women but fat men fidget more than thin men.D. thin men fidget more than fat men.34. If someone is thin in a pleasant way, we say they are _ .A. skinny . B. bony.C. slim. D. underweight.35. Scientists think a fidget habit to be _ .A. a way to lose fat.B. a nervous habit annoying(使讨厌) the people around.C. a better exercise than slow running.D. a habit of thin people.【答案】31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了紧张的小动作可以帮助人燃烧更多卡路里，科学家研究发现这是一种健康的减肥方式。【31题详解】词义猜测题。由第一段“Those around you might not like it, but scratching (moving your nails (指甲) against a part of your body) and twitching (moving suddenly and quickly when you dont want to) is an important way of burning up calories (卡路里).”可知，你周围的这些人可能不喜欢这样做，但抓和颤动是燃烧卡路里的重要方式。所以抓和颤动都是紧张的小动作之一。故判断出“fidgeting”的意思是“紧张地移动身体”。故D选项正确。【32题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“By the end of the day, some people had burned up 800 calories in toe-tapping, (moving the front part of your foot up and down) finger-drumming (hitting your fingers continuously and lightly against something hard) and other nervous habits. However, others had burned up only 100 calories.可知，到了一天结束时，一些人已经在踢脚、敲手指等活动中消耗了800卡路里的热量，然而，其他人只消耗了100卡路里。燃烧卡路里的多少决定了人们的胖瘦，所以科学家们相信有些人胖有些人瘦与燃烧卡路里的多少有关系。故判断出那些燃烧热量比其他人多的人会更瘦。故C选项正确。【33题详解】细节理解题。由第五段“Heavy people burn up more energy when they fidget than do thin people.”可知，肥胖的人在做紧张的小动作时消耗的能量比瘦的人做紧张的小动作时消耗的能量多。故A选项正确。【34题详解】推理判断题。由第五段“The researchers found that slim（苗条的）women fidget more than fat women”可知，研究人员发现苗条的女人比肥胖的女人更多地紧张地移动身体。所以判断出如果某人很瘦，我们说他们是苗条的。故C选项正确。【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了紧张的小动作可以帮助人燃烧更多卡路里。进而说明科学家认为有紧张的小动作的习惯是一种健康的减肥方式的观点。故A选项正确。【点睛】根据所给的数据并结合生活常识或者科学知识是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一。由第四段“By the end of the day, some people had burned up 800 calories in toe-tapping, (moving the front part of your foot up and down) finger-drumming (hitting your fingers continuously and lightly against something hard) and other nervous habits. However, others had burned up only 100 calories.可知，到了一天结束时，一些人已经在踢脚、敲手指等活动中消耗了800卡路里的热量，然而，其他人只消耗了100卡路里的热量。众所周知，卡路里是热量的单位，通过数据800卡路里和100 卡路里的对比，可知，是运动促使了更多地燃烧了卡路里，也就是说人们燃烧卡路里的多少决定了人们的胖瘦。这也就是我们提倡运动减肥的原因。所以科学家通过实验告诉我们燃烧热量多的人会更瘦。故C选项为小题2的正确选项。CResearchers found that compared with young people who spent much of their free time in front of TV sets, those who were physically active often had higher self-respect, better grades and were less likely to have risky behavior like taking drugs, sm