通用版2019中考英语二轮复习形容词和副词讲义.docx

形容词和副词学员姓名： 年级：九年级 辅导科目：英 语 学科教师： 授课日期授课时段08：00-10:00授课主题形容词和副词专项教学内容课前回顾1. 单词默写2. 作业讲解知识梳理知识点1：形容词一、形容词的用法：1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。例如，Its a cold and windy day.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。 例如，Would you like something hot to drink？ 只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的, living活着的例如，My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)My brother is elder. (误)2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。例如，He looks happy today. 常见系动词：五感：sound, look, feel, smell, taste 变化：get, become, turn, grow 保持：keep, stay, remain只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的 例如，The man is ill.(正)The ill man is my uncle.(误)3.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 例如， The road is about two hundred metres long. It is about five hours walk. He is a two-year-old boy. 4.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的;ugly 丑陋的5.复合形容词：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking说英语的；glass-topped玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known 众所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以带走的；ten-year-old十岁的。6.The+形容词：表示这一类人，做主语是谓语动词用复数：the old老人； the poor穷人二、形容词重点句子结构：1. “Its +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。例如，Its very kind of you to help me.(=you are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我，真好。Its very rude of her to say such words.(=she is very rude to say such words.)她说这样的话，真粗鲁。Its foolish of him to go alone.(=he is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了。2. “Its+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。例如，Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=to learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。三、注意：只能修饰形容词原级的词，very，quite，so，too例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。随堂练习：1. We can go to Shanghai Forest Park easily through Xiangyin Road Tunnel which is _.A) 2-kilometre-long B) 2 kilometres long C) 2-kilometre long D) 2-kilometres-long2. Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners.A) the fastestB) quicklyC) fasterD) more quickly3. The road near my home has been rebuilt. Its much and noisier.A) wideB) wider C) widestD) the widest 4. International Pen Friends has over 300,000 members in different countries. Their _ member is only eight years old.A) youngB) youngerC) youngestD) the youngest5. The _ one draws, or writes, or does anything, the _ the end result will be.A) much goodB) more betterC) most bestD) many well 6. Enamel(牙釉质) is _ thing in the human body and keeps bacteria(细菌) away.A) hardB) harderC) hardestD) the hardest7. Accidents due to(由于) driving at high speed are very _ during the public holidays.A) essentialB) basicC) equalD) common8. Jessica raised her painting _ enough for the whole class to see. A) high B) higher C) highest D) the highest9. My grandma has been in hospital for many weeks, but now she looks much _.A) wellB) goodC) betterD) best 10. Nowadays, PM 2.5 pollution is becoming _ in China. Everyone must help to fight against it. A) seriouser and seriouser B) more and more seriousC) more serious and more seriousD) more serious and serious11. By 2015, the Shanghai Center will be _ building in China.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest12. Well have a_ holiday. Lets go to the beach，shall we? A) three-day B)three days C)three-days D)three-days13. You dont look _ today. Whats wrong? -Its the bad fever.A)wellB)happilyC)hardD) stronglyBABCB DDACB DAA知识点2：副词一、基本概念副词可用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词，有时也修饰整个句子二、副词分类 时间副词now 现在 then然后 today今天 ago以前 just now刚才 last week上周 地点副词here这儿 there那儿 home在家 where在哪里 anywhere任何地方 out在外面方式副词carefully小心地 happily高兴地 slowly慢慢地 silently沉默地 quietly安静地 bravely勇敢地 kindly好心地 suddenly突然地程度副词much很 very非常 so如此 too太 enough足够 quite相当 almost几乎疑问副词where哪里 when什么时候 why 为什么 how怎样频率副词often经常 usually通常 sometimes有时 never从不 always总是评论副词luckily幸运地 generally一般来说 honestly诚实地 naturally自然地hopefully有希望地 briefly简洁地 surely当然 frankly坦白连接副词when where why 三、副词构成1） 副词的构成。a. 很多副词都可以由形容词直接加后缀-ly构成。beautiful-beautifully careful-carefully safe-safely exact-exactly recent- recentlyb. 以-le结尾的形容词一般去掉e再加-y。 possible-possibly simple-simply terrible-terriblycomfortable-comfortably c. 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词一般把y改为i再加-ly。happy-happily busy-busily heavy-heavilylucky-luckily easy-easilyd. 有些副词与形容词同形。 hard 硬的/努力地 late 迟到的/迟到 high 高的/高高地 early 早的/早早地 2） 兼有两种形式的副词。a. late 与 lately。late: 晚； lately: 最近。He came to school late yesterday. 昨天他上学迟到了。 What has your mother been doing lately? 最近你妈妈在做什么？b. wide 与widely。 wide表示空间宽度，widely表示广泛地。He likes to open the door wide.他喜欢把门大开着。English is widely used in the world. 英语在世界上被广泛使用。c. hard 与 hardly。 hard 意为努力地；hardly意为几乎不。She works hard at English. But she can hardly use it. 她努力学英语，但几乎不会用。 I can hardly speak Japanese. 我几乎不会讲日语。四、副词的用法1） 表示时间、地点、方式的副词通常放在句末。Ill see him off there tomorrow. 明天我要去那给他送行。2）副词修饰形容词或其他副词时，要放在这些词前面。She speaks too fast for me to follow. 她说得太快，我跟不上。随堂练习：1. Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners.A) the fastestB) quicklyC) fasterD) more quickly2. In her opinion, short-term memory doesnt work as _ as long-term memory.A) wellB) goodC) betterD) best3. The red bus goes_the blue car, so Jack will go to work in the blue car.A) much slowly than B) so slowly asC) even more slowly than D) much more slowlier4. Believe your teacher. She has various methods to make you speak English _.A) clearB) clearerC) more clearlyD) most clearly5. Generally speaking, a computer works _ a human brain. A. more accurately thanB. more accurate thanC. as accurate asD. so accurately as 6. You dont look _ today. Whats wrong? -Its the bad fever.A)wellB)happilyC)hardD) strongly7. Jimmy is _late for his grandmothers birthday, is he?A. never B. often C. sometimes D. always8.Love will _ last (延续) if we love the whole fine things around us. A. seldomB. always C. never D. sometimes9. Please pass the glasses, my dear. I can _ read the words in the newspaper. A. hardly B. really C. rather D. Clearly10. It generally takes ten hours to travel from Beijing to Shanghai by train. The underlined word means “_”. A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. seldom11. Although Liu Wei has no hands, he can play the piano very _. A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. beautiful D. more beautiful12. Even the president joined us that evening and, we should say, he danced_. A. nice B. beautiful C. well D. wonderful13. -Judy, heres a map of that area. I hope it will help you. -Thank you. Its _what I need. A. just B. still C. only D. almost14. The students are doing _in English than before with their teachers help. A. better B. best C. well D. good 1-7 AACCD AABAB ACAA知识点3：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级（一）形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以e 结尾的词加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er 或-estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。usefuldeliciousmore usefulmore deliciousmost usefulmost delicious【重点】有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther（距离）/further（程度） farthest/furthest old older（年龄）/elder（长幼辈分）oldest/eldest（二）比较级的修饰语形容词比较级前可加even, much, a lot, a bit, a little, still之类表示程度的状语： Hes feeling much better today. 他感到今天好多了。（三）【难点】形容词副词比较级的特殊用法1比较级and + 比较级: 越来越 Eg.: wetter and wetter, more and more beautiful2the + 比较级，the +比较级：越, 就越 Eg.: The more, the better.3比较级前有时也可加定冠词the表示“两者中比较的一个”，要用( the +比较级+ of the two)的句式.He is the stronger of the two boys. English is the easier language ofthetwo. 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 4同级比较 1） as + 形容词或副词原级 + as （意为“和一样”） He is as tall as your brother.Tom plays football as well as Jack. 2） 否定形式： notas/soas （意为“不如）He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。（四） 形容词副词最高级用法1the + 最高级 + 比较范围(of all/ in /among) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。 2. the+序数词+最高级+n. The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China.3. 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。 Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 或者： Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.随堂练习1. We can go to Shanghai Forest Park easily through Xiangyin Road Tunnel which is _.A) 2-kilometre-long B) 2 kilometres long C) 2-kilometre long D) 2-kilometres-long2. Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners.A) the fastestB) quicklyC) fasterD) more quickly3. In her opinion, short-term memory doesnt work as _ as long-term memory.A) wellB) goodC) betterD) best4. The red bus goes_the blue car, so Jack will go to work in the blue car.A) much slowly than B) so slowly asC) even more slowly than D) much more slowlier5. Believe your teacher. She has various methods to make you speak English _.A) clearB) clearerC) more clearlyD) most clearly 6. Generally speaking, a computer works _ a human brain. A. more accurately thanB. more accurate thanC. as accurate asD. so accurately as 7. You dont look _ today. Whats wrong? -Its the bad fever.A)wellB)happilyC)hardD) strongly8. Jimmy is _late for his grandmothers birthday, is he?A. never B. often C. sometimes D. always9.We all agree that owning a car is _ expensive than taking the underground.A) far little B) much moreC) many moreD) much10. We can go to Shanghai Forest Park easily through Xiangyin Road Tunnel which is _.A) 2-kilometre-long B) 2 kilometres long C) 2-kilometre long D) 2-kilometres-long11.The beach is away than I thought it was.A) farB) farther C) farthest D) the farthest12.“You look in this new dress.” Tom said to Sally.A) lovelyB) beautifully C) happily D) quietly13. She looks as _ as a Barbie Doll. A) carefullyB) lovelyC) beautifullyD) sweetly14. - Hey, why are you running so_?- Im afraid Ill be late for school. A) quietlyB) hard C) fastD) carefully15. Steven finished the science test _ in our class yesterday.A) quickly B) more quicklyC) quickliest D) most quickly 16. Eating some Deo Perfume Candies(香体糖)makes you smell _.A) softB) frightenedC) sweetD) friendly17. Jack took music _ than any boy in his class and held a concert successfully.A) seriousB)seriouslyC) more serious D) more seriously18. During the training process we saw Bill was _ learner among the children.A. quick B. the quickest C. quicker D. quickest19. Mikes idea on the activities for the outing sounds _. We will think it over.A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. interestingly20.Many people think the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing was one of _ games in history.A) more wonderful B) most wonderfulC) the most wonderfulD) the most wonderfully21.The little baby looks very especially when he is smiling.A) lovelyB) carefullyC) heavilyD) sadly 22.Lily won the 400-hundred-metre race. She ran of all the runners.A) the fastestB) quicklyC) fasterD) more quickly23.This kind of beef from India tastes _. We dont like it at all.A) delicious B) goodC) wellD) awful24. In her opinion, short-term memory doesnt work as _ as long-term memory.A) wellB) goodC) betterD) best25. MO Yan(莫言) felt_ when he won the 2012 Nobel Prize in literature(文学).A) happily B) happy C) exciting D) eager26. We Know that Sandy can draw _ than any other student in our school.A) good B) well C) better D) best27.The class teacher made a_speech at the parents meeting yesterday.A) wonder B) wonderful C) wonderfully D) wondered28. The red bus goes_the blue car, so Jack will go to work in the blue car.A) much slowly than B) so slowly asC) even more slowly than D) much more slowlier29. The girl in red looks as_as the pop singer.A) beautifully B) nicely C) lovely D) sweetly30. We need to go shopping. There is _ juice left in the fridge. A) littleB) fewC) manyD) much31. The road near my home has been rebuilt. Its much and noisier.A) wideB) wider C) widestD) the widest 32. That little boy is good at maths, but sometimes he still has _ mistakes. A) a fewB) a littleC) littleD) few33. Xiao Wang likes singing very much. He is one of _ singers in that area. A) much famousB) the more famousC) more famousD) the most famous34. My son thought that films should be full of action to keep people _. A) interestedB) interestingC) interestD) interests43. When our parents get old, they will need _ of our time and attention than before. A) manyB) moreC) lessD) few35.International Pen Friends has over 300,000 members in different countries. Their _ member is only eight years old.A) youngB) youngerC) youngestD) the youngest36. Water is so important that _ everyday tasks can be completed without it.A) fewB) a fewC) littleD) a little 37.All the guests seemed _ and no one was complaining.A) happyB) happilyC) happinessD) unhappy38. The _ one draws, or writes, or does anything, the _ the end result will be.A) much goodB) more betterC) most bestD) many well 39.Spending _ more hours sleeping at the weekend makes you sleepier during the week.A) fewB) a fewC) littleD) a little40.Enamel(牙釉质) is _ thing in the human body and keeps bacteria(细菌) away.A) hardB) harderC) hardestD) the hardest41.Gangnam Style requires people to dance _ like horse riding than usual.A) accurateB) more accurate C) accurately D) more accurately42.Accidents due to(由于) driving at high speed are very _ during the public holidays.A) essentialB) basicC) equalD) common43.The world is so big that nothing is to _. A) be proud ofB) be satisfied withC) be surprised atD) be thankful to44.We should obey the traffic rules in order to keep ourselves _ .A) save B) safe C) safelyD) safety45. The Voice of China became one of _ TV shows a few months ago.A) popular B) more popular C) much more popular D) the most popularBAACC DAABB BABCD CDBBCAADAB CBCCA BADAB AABBDDDCBD归纳总结1. 形容词考点2. 副词考点3. 比较级最高级课后作业1. 整理 错题2. 回家作业I选择1. To prevent the spread of H1N1, one good way is to keep windows _ so as to keep the indoor air fresh.A) opened B) open C) opening D) to open2. The food is delicious at this hotel, but the service seems _.A. good B. well C. poor D. poorly3. From his smiling face, we could guess that he was quite _the exam.A) good at B) full of C) strict with D) satisfied with4. In my opinion, the car driver should be _ the accident.A) afraid ofB) ready forC) responsible forD) familiar with5. My mother _me about what I did at school. She went out without saying a word.A) was interested inB) was angry with C) was proud of D) was careful with6. Mum _ me when I was young. She always made me do things carefully.A. was angry withB. was careful withC. was strict withD. was satisfied with7. What the clown(小丑) said was so _ that all of us