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专题01 Great scientist 第一节 阅读理解AAbout 1.3 billion years ago, two massive black holes hit each other and formed a new one. The energy set free by the collision created a ripple(波纹) in the spacetime structure and spread outward in gravitational waves (引力波)Then, on September 14,2015, a group of scientists discovered the waves. On February 11, an announcement came from the Laser Interferometer GravitationalWave Observatory (LIGO) in the US that, for the very first time, a gravitational wave was directly observed and recorded. “We discovered gravitational waves. We did it,” David Reitze, the director of LIGO, said in the press conference on February 11. “Its exactly what Einsteins theory of general relativity predicted.”Einsteins 1915 theory reimagined the framework for the universe. According to Einstein, the framework for the universeor the spacetime structureis not fixed, But changed by matter and energy “in a way a heavy sleeper causes a mattress to sag(床垫下凹), producing the effect we call gravity”, explains a New York Times article.“A disturbance in the universe could cause spacetime to become larger, break into pieces and even move up and down, like a mattress shaking when that sleeper rolls over, producing ripples of gravity: gravitational waves,” explains the article.Compared with the other three forces in the universe(electromagnetism, the weak nuclear force and the strong nuclear force), gravity is relatively weak, making gravitational waves hard to discover. The discovery by LIGO would open a new chapter in astronomy. “Everything else in astronomy is like the eye,” Szabolcs Marka, a Columbia University professor, told The New York Times.“Finally, astronomy grew ears. We never had ears before.”篇章导读:本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了引力波的发现证实了1915年爱因斯坦的预测,这为人类更好地研究宇宙提供了可能。1What is a gravitational wave according to the text?AIts a disturbance in the universe.BIts the crash of the two black holes.CIts a ripple in the spacetime structure.DIts an effect caused by energy.答案:C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“The energy set free by the collision created a ripple in the spacetime structure and spread outward in gravitational waves.”可知,引力波就是在时空结构中产生的波纹。故选C项。2Why is the discovery by LIGO important?AIt proves Einsteins 1915 theory.BThe waves were hard to discover.CThe waves changed the universe.DIt reshapes the spacetime structure.答案:A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Its exactly what Einsteins theory of general relativity predicted.”可知,该发现证实了爱因斯坦1915年提出的理论,这也是此项发现的重要性所在。故选A项。3What can we learn from the text?AIt took LIGO 4 months to confirm the discovery.BThe framework for the universe can be changed.COne produces gravity because he sletif heavily.DThere are more than four forces in the universe. 4What is the last paragraph mainly about?AAstronomy calls for more attention.BNever before has astronomy achieved much.CAstronomy is more about what we can hear in space.DA better understanding of the universe is made possible.答案:D 主旨大意题。这一发现掀开了天文学的新篇章,根据本段最后两句“Finally, astronomy grew ears. We never had ears before.”可知,我们将会对宇宙有更好的了解。故选D项。BMy family moved around a lot when I was growing up. In 2nd grade,I lived here in Washington DC, where I made an amazing group of friends. I was upset when my parents told me we were moving again and I would have to leave all my best friends behind.In 7th grade, we moved back to Washington DC. And I could not have been more excited and I felt like I was finally home again. But things had changed. There were two new girls, who decided that they didnt like me, which meant no one else could, not even all my former best friends.And then one day during school, I opened my locker, only to find a note lying on the floor. The note said:Die. Nobody likes you. My heart started beating faster and I felt the blood rushing to my face. I had no idea what to do. The note wasnt signed and I had no idea who had written it, but I figured the new girls were behind it. I had to sit in class all day with my head down, wondering who else knew about this shame. I felt horrible and sure that nothing would ever be good again. I decided that the perfect way to end all of this was with another note, left on the bathroom mirror at school. Its sad for someone to bully (欺负) other classmates to make themselves feel better or look cool. Bullying others is a way to impress others. Its common, but that doesnt mean its okay. Looking cool is not worth making others feel bad. Obviously Im very happy now, but it doesnt mean Ill ever forget about that note or how it made me feel. And to those of you that are current victims of bullyingknow that you are NOT alone. It will get better. I promise.篇章导读:家庭的搬迁给孩子的生活和学习都带来了一些问题,但本文小作者以积极且坦诚的心态去面对,用颇具建设性的办法去解决,值得读者们学习、借鉴。5Why was the author unhappy when she left Washington DC?AShe couldnt adapt herself.BShe had to leave best friends.CShe was growing up there.DShe hated traveling a lot.答案:B 细节理解题。根据文中第一段的最后一句可知,答案是B。6When the author opened the locker, she felt_.Asurprised BannoyedCamused Dashamed 7In the end, the author turned things around_.Aunder her teachers guideBby compromising to othersCwith her best friends helpDthrough her own efforts答案:D 推理判断题。根据文中倒数第二段可知答案,即通过自己的努力,用积极建设性的办法解脱困境。8What suggestion does the author give to the teens?AMeet friends whenever possible. BMake efforts to fight back hard.CGo easy on yourself and others.DBe optimistic and let a thing slide. 第二节 完形填空阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从120题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。When our restaurant business failed,we headed north in a camping truck to Texas,hoping to have a “fresh start” At the_1_of Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷) State Park,I _2_ a job advertisement hiring park hosts.The position offered a_3_,permanent campsite in the park,and_4_,the hosts served as a link between the parks guests and the rangers (护林人)It was the perfect solution: a rentfree place to reorganize our lives.We entered the park and I made an _5_for the following day.The park was_6_,so it took us some time to find an available site.That evening,as we finished our dinner,my wife saw two large skunks (臭鼬) walking toward our table.We_7_climbed onto the table and,for the next four hours,waited for them to_8_our camp.Having survived that night,we were_9_that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park.They explained our_10_and gave us a beautiful campsite.That evening, _11_,we learned about the canyon_12_They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently,and we lay_13_in the dark until the winds died away.14_the weeks that followed,we learned to survive in our truck and_15_the little money my wife_16_by substitute teaching.Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful _17_For a time after our business_18_I thought I might lose my family as well.living in the tiny_19_with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening,standing under a jeweled sky,I found myself_20_for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!1A.back BentranceC. centre Dedge2A.sponsored BpublishedCnoticed Danswered3A.free BsafeCconvenient Dbeautiful4A.in return Bin timeCin short Din turn5A.attempt BagreementCappeal Dappointment6A.ideal BdangerousCcrowded Dquiet7A.repeatedly BeventuallyCimmediately Dcalmly8A.attack BpassCleave Dsearch9A.satisfied BconfidentCdetermined Daware10A.responsibilities BrequirementsCcircumstances Dconditions11A.moreover BthereforeCmeanwhile Dhowever12A.winds BsnowsCwoods Dtrails13A.aching BquarrelingCmourning Dshaking14A.After BBetweenCDuring DBeyond15A.give away Bhand outClive on Dput aside16A.borrowed BpostedCearned Draised17A.business BfamilyCcareer Dimage18A.started BfailedCexpanded Ddeclined19A.camp BparkChouse Dtruck20A.desperate BreadyCsuitable D. thankful语篇解读:本文体栽为记叙文。题材为个人经历。文章讲述了作者生意失败后,举家去得克萨斯州开始新的生活。在应聘“park host”一职后,一家人虽然生活比较艰难,但家人之间的关系更加密切。1解析:根据常识可知,“我”应该在公园的入口处看到招聘信息,at the entrance of意为“在入口”。答案:B2解析:sponsor“赞助,倡议”;publish“出版,发行”;notice“注意到”;answer“回答”;选C表示“我”注意到了这则广告。答案:C 答案:A4解析:根据上下文可知,对方给我们提供了免费的营地,作为回报,“我”要充当旅客和护林人之间联系的纽带。答案:A5解析:根据下文“The next day we met with the people who ran the park.”可知,“我”和管理公园的负责人见了面,而在见面之前应是先预约。make an appointment意为“预约”。答案:D6解析:根据下文“it took us some time to find an available site”可知,公园里的人很多,crowded意为“人多的,拥挤的”。答案:C7解析:根据上下文句意可推断,我们为了躲避臭鼬立刻爬到桌子上面去,故C项符合语境。immediately“立即,马上”。答案:C8解析:我们等待臭鼬离开(leave)我们的营地。答案:C9解析:熬过了那个晚上,我们相信其他一切事情会比较顺利的。confident“有信心的,有把握的”。答案:B 答案:A11解析:下文描述了我们在营地生活的艰难,与上文构成转折关系,故D项符合句意。however意为“然而,不过”。答案:D12解析:由下文“until the winds died away”可知答案。答案:A13解析:根据上文“They were strong and cold,rocking our little camping truck violently”可知,我们颤抖地躺在车里,shake此处意为“发抖”。答案:D14解析:句意:在接下来的几个星期里,我们学会了如何在货车里生活。答案:C15解析:give away“赠送,泄露,出卖”;hand out“分发”;live on“靠生活”;put aside“整理,放在一边”。根据上文可知,此处指在接下来的几个星期里我们靠妻子做代课教师挣得一点钱生活。答案:C16解析:此处考查固定搭配。earn money意为“挣钱”。答案:C17解析:根据下文“I thought I might lose my family as well”可知B项符合句意。答案:B18解析:根据文章第一段“When our restaurant business failed.”可知。本句指这次失败让“我”感觉也许会失去自己的家庭。答案:B19解析:根据上文“we learned to survive in our truck”可知。答案:D 答案:D第三节 语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Every morning,Lao Tse went for a walk in the dawn.He never walked with others,as he knew that people could not be quiet and that they would disturb his 1._(silent)he experienced.But his neighbor put in 2._request for his friend.He said,“Let him join you during your morning walk.It seems such a lovely experience to him.And he has promised to be 3._(complete)silent.”Lao Tse agreed so the friend came along.They walked alongside each other 4._saying one word.When they walked deeper into the woods, they came to a lake 5._(surround)by high trees.The sun 6._(shine)through the trees and fell in patterns on the water.It was a fantastic sight.The friends jaw dropped and wanted 7._(praise)the beautiful scenery.But he covered his mouth with his hand,8._he remembered his promise.After they came back,Lao Tse was 9._(satisfy) with his company.And he said to his neighbour,“Your friend is very nice.Id like to walk with him again.”So the two often walked together.But neither of them spoke anything all the way.10._(respect) others habits can help us make friends.语篇解读:尊敬别人的习惯才能跟别人成为朋友。 1解析:考查名词。根据句意,他们会打扰他的安静。在形容词性物主代词之后,用名词形式。答案:silence2解析:考查冠词。这里指提出一个请求,故用不定冠词。答案:a3解析:考查副词。形容词前面用副词修饰,表示完全地安静。答案:completely4解析:考查介词。根据句意,他们并肩走着,一句话也没有说。故用without。答案:without5解析:考查非谓语动词。lake与surround之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。答案:surrounded 8解析:考查连词。这里是在解释原因,故填because,引导原因状语从句。答案:because9解析:考查形容词。be satisfied with sb. 意为“对人某满意”。答案:satisfied10解析:考查非谓语动词。此处用动名词作主语。答案:Respecting第四节 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()画掉。 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Not having passed the exam, Xiao Ming remained in the classroom after school. When asking, he told me he didnt dare to go home because of he was afraid of being scolded or beaten by his dad. Hearing that he said, I felt sorry for him and couldnt help think of the “wolf father”Children will behave well if they are punishing when they do something wrong and that punishment should be physical punishment, which is an extrem

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