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Welcome to our class,IPA-International Phonetic Alphabet,音标,音 标 英语共有48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。 英语辅音和元音在语言中的作用相当于汉语中的生母和韵母。 记录英语音素的符号叫做音标。 音标放在两条斜线(/),以免和字母混淆。,国际音标,元音,分类:英语中共有48个音标,元音20个,辅音28个。,单元音,双元音,前元音,中元音,后元音,/i:/, /I/, /e/, /,/:/, /, /,/u:/, /, /:/, /, /:/,/eI/, /aI/, /I/, /I/, /e/, / ,/a/, /,辅音,爆破音,磨檫音,鼻 音,半元音,舌边音,/ p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/,/f/, /v/, /s/, /z/, /, /, /, /, /h/, /r/ ,/m/, /n/, /,/l/,/w/, /j/,/tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz/, /t/, / /,破擦音,元 音,元音字母 a, e, i, o, u,单元音 /i:/,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬腭抬起,嘴角向两边张开,流露出微笑的表情,适当拉长发音。与字母 E 发音相同。 注意:“:”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。 发音组合: e ee ea,/i:/,例词: he she me we TV evening these be P.E. tree feel deep see green meet three need fifteen free week sheep .,teacher seat eat reason sea easy ice-cream really please key .,单元音 / -/i/,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬腭抬起,比/i:/低,嘴型扁平。注意嘴巴比/i:/大,发音比/i:/短。 发音组合: i,/i/ -/i/,例词: big his history six is in it ship hill chicks middle sister ring think tennis with Bill milk dinner fifth trip finish till,Thick ticks think thin ticks are sick. I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice-cream!,元音/ e /,嘴形扁平,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起。 发音组合: e ea a,/e/,例词:pen pencil bed let leg well ten set tennis lesson next Wednesday February second test very sell egg get desk welcome yes seven red spell,/e/,例词: heaven head bread dead death sweater weather breakfast marry any man parent,单元音/,舌尖抵下齿,嘴角尽量拉向两边,成扁平形。是所有音标里面嘴巴咧的最宽的一个,同时嘴巴也要张大,上下齿之间可容纳食指和中指。 发音组合: a,例词:am apple that hand thank map jacket black can grandmother family have dad bag hat salad hamburger carrot habbit January happy . Cat, cat, catch that fat rat.,/,前元音发音规律 /i:/i/ /e/ /,舌尖抵下齿 舌前部抬起的高度逐步降低 牙床张开的程度逐渐加大,Tongue twister 前元音,1.She sees his cheese. 2.Todays fresh bread is already ready. 3.Five red cats are flying ten yellow kites.,单元音/:/- /:/,舌中部稍抬起,舌尖微抵下齿,双唇扁平,发音较长。 发音组合:or ir er ur ear,/:/-/:/,例词: girl bird first birthday shirt skirt third thirteen work worm color term hers,burn surf purple burger Thursday turn pearl learn,The nurses in skirts washed thirty dirty shirts.,单元音 /,双唇扁平,舌尖微抵下齿,口张开比/:/略大 发音组合:a er or o,/,例词: appear again alike teacher mother driver ruler sister mother father daughter computer visitor doctor actor welcome,元音/,舌头后部的靠前部分稍微抬起,舌尖和舌端两侧触及下齿。双唇向两旁平伸。 发音组合:u o,例词: cup run jump must much but us fun lunch uncle subject Sunday son color mother love come brother does month some Monday ; Flood cousin,/,Tongue twister 中元音,1.Some early birds run to eat the worms in the sun. 2.Uncle was upset because he was unable to put his umbrella up. 3.Double bubble gum bubbles double.,元音/u:/,长元音,嘴形小而圆,微微外突,舌头尽量后缩。 舌后部向上抬起,嘴巴要收的又小又圆,并且向外突出。 与汉语中的“呜”音很像。 发音组合:oo o ou u,/u:/,例词: zoo food cool pool too afternoon school classroom tomb to who lose blue June Tuesday group shoe fruit,单元音/-/u/,短元音。嘴唇张开略向前突出,嘴形稍收圆并放松些。 注意嘴巴的形状,嘴巴张开略向前突出,舌头后部略向上抬起,发短促音即可。 发音组合:oo u ou,/-/u/,例词: foot-feed wood book look good push pull full July sure should,元音/: /,舌头置于口腔底部,口腔完全张开,但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩.双唇也收的更圆更小 发音组合:a oo aw ou ore au or ar,/:/,例词: fork morning for airport sport short talk ball call; boring long floor ;four your bought thought;caught naughty daughter because,元音/-/,舌头置于口腔底部,口腔完全张开,但是不成圆形。然后将舌身再稍稍向后缩。,/-/,例词: cock shop job box,单元音/:/,长元音。口腔打开,嘴张大,舌身平放后缩,舌尖离开下齿, 下巴收低一点,轻松发音。与“啊”发音有点像。,/:/,例词: last father class after basketball ; are car card garden star guitar March party art,Tongue twister 后元音,The car which Mark borrowed from his father cant go farther. The cook took a good look at her cookbook. A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies .,你还记得前面出现过那些单元音吗?,/i:/, /i/, /e/, /,/ : /, /, / ,/:/,/u:/, /u/, /:/, / /,_,/ i:/ / i/ / e / /,/a:/ /:/ / /u:/ /u/,/ / /:/ / /,单元音 vowels (12个),双元音,/ei/, /ai/, /i/, /i/, /e/, / /a/, /,双元音/eI/ -/ei/,由e和i两个单音组成,/e/重读,/ i/轻读,口形由半开到合,与字母 A发音相同。 发音组合:ei a ai ay,/eI/-/ei/,例词:radio tape face cake name late baseball game table plane same take make favorite wait rain eight say always play day may hey great,双元音 /aI/-/ai/,口形由开到合,牙齿由全开过度到全闭。 发音组合:y i uy,/aI/- /ai/,例词:find library hi fine kite write tidy bicycle white nice five nine rice price China mine like right time science Friday buy guy ; why my bye,Tongue twister,I like to ride my light white bike, and fly a white light kite with my wife.,双元音/i/,前元音重读,后元音轻读,双唇从圆到扁,口形从开到合, 牙齿从全开到逐渐闭合,注意连贯性。 发音组合:oy oi,/I/,例词: boy toy Boil noise coin,双元音/i/,前元音重读,后元音轻读,双唇始终半开。 发音组合:eer ear ere,/I/,例词: beer deer ear fear near here,双元音/e/,前重后轻,舌端抵下齿,双唇半开. 发音组合:air ear are ere,/e/,例词: hair bare pear Chair there,The man with fair hair dare not repair their chair there because there is a bear there.,双元音/,前重后轻,嘴唇由收圆到半开,口形由合到开,双唇由圆到扁平。 发音组合:oor ure our,/,例词: tour poor sure gourd,双元音/a/,/a/重读,/u/轻读,口形由大到小。 发音组合:ou ow,/a/,例词: wow how now house mouth about trousers sound hour,双元音/,口形由半开到小,与字母 O的发音相同。 前面的音清楚而较长,后面的音圆唇,发音模糊而较短 发音字母 o ow oa,/,例词:so no phone those photo clothes old only sofa yellow know throw coat boat toe,那么你能说出所有的双元音吗?,/eI/, /aI/, /I/, /I/, /e/, / /a/, /,_,/I/ /e/ /u/,/eI / /aI/ /u/ /au/ /I/,双元音 vowels (8个),元音总结,绝对开音节a,e,i,o,u, 音节结尾处发字母本音 相对开音节辅音后哑音e,辅音前字母本音 a,e,i,o,u,闭音节,辅音前或中间夹, 常把 短语发,/e/,/,/,/i/,/,Pen and pencil ,

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