高一英语必修一Unit4知识点详尽解析.ppt

Unit 4 Earthquake,riseraiz和raisereiz的区别,Rise (vi): 日月，物价，烟，温度，河水及人的职位上升，或起床，起身，没有被动语态rise -rose- risen Raise (vt): 举起，提出，饲养，种植，募集（财物）raise -raised-raised,rise (rise、rose、risen ) vi. 1，(指日月星辰烟等的)升起，水位价格温度的上升 =go up ; 起身=get up，2.增加 增长 起伏=increase,2.raise vt. 抬高 提高 养育 饲养（有被动）,1. The sun rises in the east.,3. His job is raising chickens.,4. They _ their arms and waved to us with joy. A rose B raised,B,2 Her temperature is still_.,rising,5. He rose from his chair and began his speech.,6. There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.,把翻译下列句子译为中文,2.smelly adj. 发臭的，有臭味的,smelly是由名词smell加后缀-y而构成的形容词，英语中有许多派生词体现了这一原则：,Guessing Game,bloody,= bloody,血腥的,cloudy,= cloudy,多云的,rainrainy,下雨的,windwindy,多风的,3.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.,tooto 太而不能,1,She was too poor to go to college.,2,I love you too much to leave you for a minute.,“tooto”结构之前带有only,but,never,not,时， 是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常”“十分” “实在”真是太”等,I am only too happy to teach you.,我非常高兴教你们。,He is but too glad to do so,他非常喜欢这样做,You can never be too old to enjoy a song.,我们绝对不会老得不能享受歌曲带来的欢乐,4, mice是mouse(老鼠)的复数形式.,5. the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.,burst,burst可以作动词，意为：使爆炸;使破裂 ；突然发生，突然出现。 常构成短语burst into sth. 或burst out doing sth.，表示“突然开始（做某事）”，如：burst into tears = burst out crying（表示“突然哭起来”）。也可以作名词，意为： 爆炸。例如：,burst out +v-ing :suddenly begin doing sth,扩展: burst into leaf burs into flower,长出叶子,开花,n. a burst of .一阵. a burst of laughter /thunder /applause(欢呼）,1. The dam burst after heavy rains.,2. In the game, children try to burst balloons by sitting on them.,3. Joan didnt say anything at first and then she burst out crying.,即学即练 根据burst的用法，完成下列句子。 1. Everyone in the room burst out _ (laugh). 2. She found there were _ (burst) in the well walls.,laughing,bursts,6. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.,think little of these events 对这些情况几乎没有怎么去考虑、没当一回事,think little of think nothing of think badly/poorly /ill of think well/much / highly/a lot/ a great deal of,对看法不好，评价很低,不重视，忽视,认为没什么,对重视/高度评价,think of 想起，考虑,1.校长对你的进步评价很高。,The headmaster thought highly of your progress.,eg. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. 考点 定语从句中引导词who的用法。 考例 Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. (北京 2006) A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填;不填,now, Lets review!,The end of the first paragraph,Bright lights flash in the sky,Animals are too nervous , such as cows, dogs, horses, and snakes, etc.,Mice ran out of the fields,Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds.,There were cracks on the wells. The water in the well rose and fell.,The Second Paragraph,7. It seemed as if the world,1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我 似的。 2) as if 在表语从句中相当于that: It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。,本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。 It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end!,8, It seemed that the world was _ _ _.,at,an,end,Compare: at the end of by the end of in the end,辨析：,at an end: 表示“终结，结束”，与be动词连用 in the end:表示“最终，终于”，单独使用作状语 at the end of:表示“在的尽头/末尾” by the end of:到末为止，常与完成时态连用,1). at an end: 表示“终结，结束”，与be动词连用。 eg: 战争结束了。 The war was at an end.= The war came to an end. 2). in the end: 表示“最终，终于”，单独使用作状语。 eg: 最终他们放弃了那项计划。 They gave up the plan in the end. (at last) 3). at the end of: 表示“在的尽头/末尾” eg: 今年年底，我父亲要回家。 My father will come home at the end of this year. He is at the end of his patience. 他已经忍耐到极限了。,4). by the end of: 到末为止，常与完成时态连用。 by the end of last用于过去完成时 by the end of next用于将来完成时 eg: 到上个月末为止，他在那条船上已经待了两年。 By the end of last month, he had been on that ship for two years. 到下学期末为止，我将学会3000多个英语单词。 I will have learned more than 3000 English words by the end of next term.,8分数的表达： 四分之一 三分之二 二又五分之三,one/a fourth,two thirds,two and three fifths,分子用基数词,分母用序数词.分子大于一时,分母用复数。当做主语时注意谓语的单复数 Two thirds of the students _ from the countryside. Half of the work _ been done. One third of the apple _ bitten by mice.,are,has,was,请根据提示完成下列句子。 1. _ (三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls. 2. _ (五分之三) of the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night. 3. _ (一半) of the desks in this school _ (make) in his company. 4. _ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday _ (be) interesting.,One-third,are,Three-fifths,was washed,Half,are made,Most,was,5. _ (数万) people _ (dance) in the big square now. 6. There were _ (一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday. 7. _ (百分之九十) of the mountain _ (cover) by trees.,is covered,Tens of thousands of,are dancing,ten thousand,90% / 90 percent,.概数的一些表达： Tens of thousands of Hundreds and hundreds of Thousands of Millions of Dozens of,数以万计的 成百上千的 数千的 数百万的 许多，大量,1. 90% 2. 10,000 3. 10,000,000 4. 150,000 5. 75% 6. 1/3 7. 500,000 8. 2/3,ninety percent,ten thousand,ten million,one hundred and fifty thousand,seventy-five percent,one-third,half a million,two-thirds,英语数字的翻译,kill two birds with one stone A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. at sixes and sevens by ones and twos Two heads are better than one. One mans meat is another mans poison. Ill love you three score and ten. She is a second Lei Feng.,一箭双雕,吃一堑，长一智。,乱七八糟,三三两两,三个臭皮匠胜过诸葛亮。,人各有所好。,我会一辈子爱你的。,她是雷锋式的人物。,9. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。 lie( lay lain) 处于某种状态;躺，平躺，平卧 平放,1.The whole factory has lain waste for many years.,整个工厂多年来一直荒芜在那里。,2. He let the farm go to ruin.,他让农场败落了。,go to ruin = fall into ruin 衰落, 败落,in ruins 荒芜的,成为废墟,一般用作表语或状语,An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. His career is in ruins .,lie/be in ruins 成为废墟,The city _ (成为废墟）after the war.,lay/was in ruins,口诀:规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，躺过就“下蛋”。 (lie当“说谎”用，它的过去式和过去分词都为lied，而当“躺”用时，它的过去式为“下蛋”即lay),The End of the Second Paragraph,How many Nature Disasters do you know?,typhoon,tornado, hurricane,seismic sea wave / tsunami,drought,flood,volcanic eruption,sand storm,thunderstorm,The city lay in ruins.,破败不堪,The buildings fell down.,倒塌,A great number of people lost their homes.,许多，大量,Roads might crack.,开裂,The Third Paragraph,10，destory.vt 毁坏,Compare: ruin; destroy; damage,damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词, 也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与to something 连用。 The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复, 常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。 The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town.,ruin则表示破坏严重, 以致不能修复, 但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作 “使毁灭”、 “使崩溃”、 “弄糟”解;用作名词时, 它表示 “毁灭”、 “瓦解”、 “废墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。 The fire ruined the castle. The house has fallen into ruin. The company is facing ruin.,11，shock 震惊的用法,People _ (shock). 我们对这个消息感到震惊。,were shocked,We _ the news.,were shocked at,The news is _(shock),shocking,表示情感的动词 excite, surprise, interest, bore, move, shock, disappoint, satisfy, (惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动， 失望 ，满意） 变为形容词时可加ing(指物）或加ed (指人）,即学即练 根据括号内的提示完成句子。 1. The news of his mothers death _（使他非常震惊）. 2. She _（因休克死亡） following an operation on her brain. 3. What really _（让我震惊的）was that no one seemed to care about that. 4. _（我们很吃惊）to hear about his leaving.,was a terrible shock to him,died of shock,shocked me,We were shocked,12. rescue,n. 搭救；解救;营救,The rescue team reached the mines at once after the accident happened.,v. 解救；救出；营救,He rescued the man from drowning.,rescue workers = rescuers n. come / go to ones rescue来援救某人,We _ （来救他）and pulled him out of the lake.,came to his rescue,13 trap,trap (n)陷阱，捕捉器，圈套 Eg1: Tom likes setting traps. Eg2: I knew she set a trap to get this job. trap (vt)设陷阱捕捉，困住 Eg4: The bear was trapped. trap sb into使某人落入圈套或陷入困境 Eg5: The police trapped him into a confession,The End of the Third Paragraph,Wenchuan Earthquake Can you describe how terrible the earthquake was?,2008.5.12,The buildings fell down.,倒塌,The Fourth Paragraph,15. All hope was not lost. 考点 all.not = not all.意为“并不都”，是部分否定。当all, both及every的合成词与not 连用时，表示部分否定；完全否定要用no, never, nowhere, none, neither, nothing, nobody等。,both, each, every 与not 连用也都表示部分否定： Not every student passed the exam. 不是每个学生都通过了考试。 Both the answers are not right. 不是两个答案都对。 改为全部否定为： None of the students passed the exam. Neither of the answers is right.,16. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. dig out 挖掘；发现 bury: A. to place in the ground B. to occupy (oneself) with deep concentration; absorb,a. 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。 b. 本句的结构是：主语（The army） + 谓语（organized） + 宾语（teams） + 目的状语（to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead）。 c. who were trapped是定语从句，修饰先行词those。 d. and连接两个不定式短语作目的状语。,16. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 考点 whose意为“的”，在定语从句中作关系代词，后接名词。当前面的先行词与后面的名词构成所属关系时，就用关系代词whose。其先行词可以是人，也可以是物。,考例 Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. (天津 2005) A. that B. whose C. those D. what 点拨 因from前是逗号，可判断出后面是一个定语从句，排除those；从句部分与先行词之间的关系为：the people are still suffering from the effects of the floods，whose指代of the floods, 在句中作定语，故此题选B。,17. bury,vt. 埋葬; 葬 The boy buried the dead bird in the backyard. 男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。 vt. 使沉浸（或专心于） be buried in= bury oneself in埋头于; 专心于 be buried in thought 沉思 bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习,19. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 people were rescued from the coal mines.,To the north of,rescued,to/ on/ in,Japan is _ the east of China. Taiwan is _ the southeast of China. 3. Mongolia is _ the north of China.,to,in,on,/to,22.表示许多的短语及用法 只接可数名词的有：a large/great number of a good/great many a good/great many of the/thes