建筑施工中实现资源优化新模式崭露头角.doc

/建筑施工中实现资源优化新模式崭露头角/建筑施工中实现资源优化新模式崭露头角当前大型建筑工程项目化管理指的是大型建筑工程把项目管理作为一种管理模式来运用，通过合理组织大型建筑工程中的各项活动，使之能够采用项目管理的方法和技术对各方面进行管理。项目中心模式则是大型建筑工程的日常工作围绕着项目来开展。The current management of large-scale construction project refers to the large construction engineering project management as a management mode to use, through the activities of organizing large-scale construction engineering, which can manage all aspects of the project management methods and techniques. Project center mode is the large-scale construction engineering project to carry out daily work around.从建筑设计的角度考虑，实现建筑物质结构更新的重要内容之一就是对大量建筑资源的优化。本论文的研究意义在于全面推进典型工程资源优化技术的手段和措施，实现项目建造中全面考虑长远社会效益，全过程优化资源和控制工程造价，进而建立行业优化资源的标准化研究模式。Considered from the perspective of architectural design, one of the important contents of building material structure is used to update the optimization of a large number of building resources. The significance of the thesis lies in the comprehensive promotion of typical technology optimization of engineering resources means and measures, implementation of project construction comprehensively consider the long-term social benefits, the whole process of optimizing resources and control the cost of the project, and then establish the pattern of standardization of industry resources optimization.当前我国社会化大生产使资源优化的矛盾日益凸显，土地供给紧张、主要原材料纷纷告缺，资源的利用和保护再次成为关注的焦点。大型建筑工程的建设是一个资源高消耗工程，不但需要消耗大量的钢材、水泥等建筑资源，还要占用土地、植被等自然资源。大型建筑工程工程项目可以从全局上来分配资源，平衡各个项目的需求，达成整体工程项目的目标。这是传统职能型管理的一大优点，因为局部最优并不一定是整体最优。但是职能部门对项目缺少直接地、及时地了解和关注。而“项目”具有实施难度很难准确估测、随时可能有突发事件发生这么一个的特点，这种情况下，职能部门按部就班的工作模式就无法应对项目的各种突发事件，无法及时向有需求的项目组提供资源。由此我们可以看出，资源优化必须有一个相适应的组织结构来给予支持。The current production of our society makes the contradiction of resource optimization has become increasingly prominent, the land supply, the main raw materials have miss, resource utilization and protection once again become the focus of attention. The construction of large-scale construction project is the high consumption of a resource, not only need to consume a large amount of steel, cement and other building resources, but also take up land, vegetation and other natural resources. The project of large building engineering can come from the global allocation of resources, to balance the needs of the project, to achieve the overall objectives of the project. This is one of the major advantages of the traditional functional management, because the local optimum is not necessarily the best overall. But the functional departments of the project directly, timely understanding and attention. While the project has the difficulty of implementation is very difficult to accurately estimate, at any time may have characteristics of such an incident, in this case, functional departments to follow the prescribed order work mode can not cope with various emergency project, can not be timely to the demand of the project team to provide resources. From this we can see that, optimization of resources must have a suitable organizational structure to support.我们可以将建筑资源优化过程划分为：更新策划与资源评价、方案设计与施工设计、工程实施三个阶段来进行。建筑资源评价是在建筑资源调查的基础上，从合理开发利用和保护建筑资源及取得最大的社会、经济、环境效益的角度出发，选择某些因子，运用科学方法，对一定区域内建筑资源本身的规模、质量、分级及开发前景和施工开发条件进行综合分析和评判鉴定的过程。资源评价与更新策划的工作是最为重要的环节，这也是现阶段旧建筑资源优化工作的瓶颈所在。从工作内容上来讲，资源评价与概念策划是建筑师职能的拓展，将建筑师的研究领域从传统的仅注重空间尺度、比例、造型，拓展到了对人、社会、环境生态、经济等方面。通过资源利用的可靠性评价环节可以与规划相互沟通，将可利用资源通过定性与定量的方式表现出来，并通过文字将更新思想程序化、逻辑化表达给投资商、政策管理机构，最后将策划成果直接用于改造设计。其次，在工作中始终保持连续性将有利地保证更新在持续合理状态中进行。We can see the building resources optimization process is divided into three stages: update plan implementation and resource evaluation, scheme design, engineering design and construction of. Building resource evaluation is based on architectural resource survey, from the rational exploitation and protection of resources and achieving social, economic construction, environment benefit the biggest point of view, the selection of certain factor, the use of scientific methods, process of construction resources within a certain region itself, quality, grade and scale of development prospect and development condition of construction comprehensive analysis and evaluation of identification. With the updated resource evaluation planning work is the most important part, it is the old building resources optimization bottleneck. From the contents of speaking, and the concept of resource evaluation plan is to expand the functions of architects, research field of architects from the traditional focus only on the spatial scale, proportion, shape, extended to people, society, economy, ecological environment. Reliability assessment through link resource utilization can communicate with each other and planning, will be able to make use of the resources through qualitative and quantitative manner, and the text will renew the idea and procedure, the logical expression to investors, policy management mechanism, the planning results directly used for transformation design. Secondly, always keep the work in the continuity will be beneficial to ensure the update in sustainable state.在新模式的引导下，每一条大型建筑工程的建设都应该通过合理选线、全面勘察、技术标准和指标与自然条件良好结合等建设原则，从资源优化的角度出发，以满足工程质量为前提，在每一处细节实施资源优化的政策，较好的优化大型建筑工程沿线当地的土地资源，做到建筑工程与自然环境的和谐相处。现代大型建筑工程在建设过程中，经常采用资源优化型新工艺和新技术，这些新工艺和新技术在后期通车运行过程中同样起到了优化管理成本的作用，具有可持续发展的强大意义。In the new model under the guidance of the construction, every large building project should be through reasonable selection, comprehensive investigation, technical standards and indicators and good natural conditions with the construction principle, starting from the resource optimization point of view, to meet the needs of engineering quality as the premise, the implementation of resource optimization policy in every detail, along the local land resources optimization of large construction projects do better, in harmony with the natural environment, architectural engineering. Modern large-scale construction projects in the construction process, often using the resource optimization of new process and new technology, also played a role in the optimization of cost management of the new technology and new technology opening run late in the process, has strong significance of sustainable development.总之，由于社会的不断发展变化，企业、项目