全新版大学英语快速阅读英汉对照UNIT3.doc

Unit 3 A-1How to Prepare for an Interview 如何准备面试Being interviewed is a situation that nearly everyone faces at some time in life, whether 接受采访是一种情况下,几乎每个人都面临着在某些时候,不管生活中for college or for a job. Most people face this ordeal with anxiety and even fear. However, 为大专和寻求一份工作。大多数人们面对这个严酷的甚至是恐惧和焦虑。然而,people who prepare for an interview avoid much of this anxiety. Preparing for an interview 那些准备面试避免许多这样的焦虑。面试准备工作involves doing advance research, choosing the right outfit, and planning appropriate 包括做研究进展,选择正确的外套搭配,并且安排适当的communication with the interviewer. 沟通的面试官。Doing research before the actual interview will increase the chances for a successful 做研究在实际面试的机会增加成功interview. Find out the location of the interview site and decide how to travel there to 面试。找出面试的位置网站,并决定如何去那里arrive on time. Nothing makes as poor an impression on an interviewer as arriving late. In 准时到达。没有任何东西能让穷面试者的印象,迟到。在addition, learn about the company or institution where you are being interviewed. This will 另外,了解公司或机构你在哪里接受采访。这将help you ask intelligent questions. If your interview is for admission to a school, find out 帮你问问智能的问题。如果你的面试进入一所学校,找到的what courses the school offers in your field of interest. For a job interview, find out 学校提供的什么课程在你的领域的兴趣。求职面试时,发现的about the kind of work the company does. If you already work at the company and are being 什么样的工作的公司所做的那样。如果你已经工作,在公司和的存在interviewed for a promotion, research the duties of the job for which you are applying. Such 面试中发展的模式、研究的责任,您所应聘的工作。这样的research will show the interviewer that you are interested in obtaining the job or being 研究将向面试官展现您有兴趣得到这份工作,要么存在admitted to the school. 承认到学校。Dressing appropriately for the interview is important because your appearance will be the 穿衣服适当的面试是非常重要的,因为你的外表会的first thing the interviewer notices about you. This means wearing clean, neatly pressed 第一件事通知面试官。这意味着,衣服烫得穿着洁净clothing and subdued color combinations such as brown or navy with white. You want to make a 衣服和柔和的色彩组合或海军褐等与白色的。你要打good impression, but at the same time you do not want to attract attention to your clothing. 给别人留下好印象,但同时你不想引起人们的关注,你的衣服。Also, you want to show that you can use good judgment. If you wear loud colors or overly 同样,你想展示你可以用良好的判断力。如果你穿大声的颜色或过度noticeable clothes, the interviewer might question your judgment about whats acceptable 引人注目的衣服,面试官可能会质疑你的判断什么是可以接受的behavior for a school or office setting. 行为,为学校或办公室里的设置。Preparing what you might say to the interviewer will help you feel more in control of the 准备你可能告诉面试官会让你感到更多的控制situation. From your research, prepare a list of questions that you would like to ask the 情况。从你的研究,准备一大串问题,你想问的interviewer. As you prepare what you might say, remind yourself of what not to say. For 面试官。当你准备你可能说,提醒自己不应当说什么。为instance, you wont want to ask questions that are too personal. Also, remind yourself not 实例,那你就不会再想问问题,是太私人。同时,提醒自己不要to talk too much. Make a mental note to let the interviewer guide and control the course, of 白费唇舌了。进行心理上的字条,让面试官的过程中,引导和控制the meeting. Also plan to answer the interviewer s questions fully, explaining your answers 会议。还计划去回答记者的问题有一个全面的了解,是解释你的答案rather than replying by saying only yes or no. Remember, the interviewer is trying to form 而不是回答说只有是或否。记住,面试官正在形成an impression of you and how you would fit in at the school or company. 你的印象,而你又是如何胜任学校或公司。By following these steps, you will be prepared for your interview and feel more confident 遵循这些步骤,你将准备好你的面试和感觉更有信心about the results. You will also increase your chances of making the good impression that is 的结果有关的问题。你也会增加你的机会使留下了非常好的印象important for getting accepted into the school of your choice or landing the job you want. 重要到学校是否被录取你自己选择的或者降落这份工作,你想要的。A-2Needing and Wanting Are Different 需要想是不同的Mom, can I have some money? Those are the words my mother used to hear all the time. In “妈妈,我能要点儿钱吗?”这些都是这句话我妈妈过去常听。在return, I heard, Why dont you get a job? Not to make me happy, but so that you have your 回来,我都听见了,“你为什么不找工作?不要让我快乐,但使你有你的own money and gain a bit more responsibility. So last year I got a job with Montgomery Ward 自己的钱,获得更多的责任。”去年就我找到一份工作与蒙哥马利病房s photo studio, working about 25 hours a week. For $ 5 an hour, I was a telephone salesman, 奇摩摄影工作室,保证每周25小时的工作。每小时5美元,我是一个电话推销员,trying to persuade people to come in for a free photograph. 说服别人来喝不花钱的照片。All this was during football season and I was on the team as a kicker. To do football and 在足球赛季所有这一切都是我球队踢球。做足球和homework and my job at the same time became really hard. I was burning out, falling asleep 作业,我的工作在同一时间成了真的很难。我被烧,入睡at school, not able to concentrate. My first class was physics and I hated it. I d just sit 在学校里,无法集中精神。我的第一节课是物理和我恨恶他。我想坐there with my hand on my cheek and my elbow on the desk, and start dozing. One day, the 和我的手放在我的脸颊,我的肘在书桌上,并开始睡着了。有一天,teacher asked my partner what I was doing and she said, Oh, hes sleeping. The teacher 老师问我的合伙人我在做什么,她说:“哦,他是睡著了。”老师came to the back of the class and stared at me. The whole class looked at me for about two 到了后面的阶级和两眼瞪着我。全班同学看着我大约两个minutes and laughed. 分钟,笑了。My third-period history teacher was really concerned. She was cool. A lot of times, I d 我的third-period历史老师真的很担心。她确实很酷。很多时候,我会fall asleep in her class. She d scream, Wake up! and slam her hand on my desk. I d open 安睡在她的课。她很尖叫,“醒来吧!”然后大满贯她的手在我的书桌上。我想打开my eyes for about two minutes, pay attention and go back to sleep. She asked me if I could 我的眼睛大约两分钟,注意继续睡。她问我是否能handle school, football and work. I said, Yeah. I m doing OK so far. She said, Why? Why 处理学校、足球和工作。我说:“是的。我做到目前为止还好。”她说,“怎么了?”为什么all this? 这一切?”I told her it was for the things I need, when actually it was for the things I wanted. 我告诉她是我所需要的东西,但这是,我的东西,我想要的。Needing and wanting are different. Needing something is like your only shoes have holes in 需要想是不同的。需要某种东西,就像你唯一的鞋子有洞them. But when a new pair of sneakers came out and I liked them, I d get them. My parents 他们。但当一双新运动鞋出来了,我喜欢他们,我想获得它们。我的父母didnt feel it was right, but they said, Its your money, you learn to deal with it. 没有什么感觉是对的,但他们说,“这是你的钱,你学会处理它。”Within two years I had bought 30 pairs. My parents would laugh. You got your job, you got 在两年之内,我买了30双。我的父母会笑。“你有你的工作,你得到的your moneybut wheres your money now? They didnt realize how much my job was hurting my 你现在的钱使出你出钱呢?”他们没有实现了多少,我的工作就是刺痛了我的schoolwork. 课堂。My priorities were all screwed up. On a typical night I did about an hour of homework. A lot 我的重点都搞砸了。通过一个典型的晚上,我做了大约一个小时的家庭作业。很多of times it was hard for me to make decisions: do I want to be at work or do I want to be at 周我很难做出决定:我要去上班了,还是想要参观practice? Do I want to worry about what Ill have today or what Ill have in the future? 练习?我要担心我要今天或我要在未来?Sometimes I felt there was no right choice. One week in the winter I had to work extra days, 有时我感到没有正确的选择。一个星期在冬天,我不得不去工作了额外的天数,so I missed a basketball game and two practices. (I m on that team, too.) When a 所以我错过了一场篮球比赛和两个实践。(“我在这支球队了。)当一个substitution opportunity came at the next game, the coach looked at me and said, OK, we re 替代下一场比赛的机会来临的时候,教练看着我说:“好了,我们的技巧running 1-5, a new play they had developed during the practices I had missed. I told him I 运行1 - 5”,一场新戏,他们已研究出在实践我已经错过了。我告诉他我didnt know it, so he told me to sit back down. I felt really bad, because there was my 不知道它,所以他告诉我坐下来。我觉得很难过,因为那里有我的chance to play and I couldnt. 机会上场,我不能。I really did resent work. If I hadnt been so greedy, I could have been at practice. But I 我真的讨厌的工作。如果我没有被如此贪婪,我可能在实践。但我kept working, and the job did help me in some ways. When you have a lot of responsibilities, 继续工作着,和工作并帮助我有些不同。当你有很多责任,you have to learn how to balance everything. You just grow up faster. At home, your parents 你必须学习如何平衡一切。你只是成长得更快。在家里,你的父母always say, I pay the bills so while you re here you re under my rules. But now with my 总是说:“我付账单,所以当你真是这说得在我的规矩。”但现在,我用money I say, No, no, no. You didnt pay for that, I did. Thats mine. 钱,我说:“不,不,不。你没有付,我所做的。那是我的。”Slowly, I ve come to deal with managing money a lot better. At first, as soon as I had 慢慢地,我真是来对付理财好多了。起初,只要我有过money, it was gone. Now it goes straight into my bank account. This year I decided not to 钱,就不见了。现在是直线进我的银行帐户。今年我决定不这么做work at all during football season. I have a lot more time to spend with other players after 在足球赛季,在所有的工作。我有更多的时间去与其他玩家the game and feel more a part of the team. I ve only fallen asleep in class once so far. I 游戏和感觉更团队的一部分。我真是只有在课堂中睡着曾经那么远。我m more confident and more involved in the classes. My marks are A s and B s, a full grade m更加自信,更多地介入这个类。我的成绩是 s和B的,完整的品位better than this time last year. I m hoping that will help me get into a better college. I 比去年的这个时候。“我希望能帮助我获得较好的大学。我dont go shopping as much. I look at all the sneakers in school and think, I could have 不去购物了。我看看所有的运动鞋在学校,想,“我可以those but I dont need them. Last year I thought that being mature meant doing everything. “但我不需要他们。去年我认为一种成熟意味着所做的每件事。But I m learning that part of growing up is limiting yourself, knowing how to decide whats 但我也正在学习,成长一部分就是限制自己,知道如何决定的important, and what isnt. 重要的,什么不是”。B-1What Makes a Good Job? 怎样才算是一个好工作吗?When I was in high school, the only important considerations I looked for in a job were 我在高中的时候,我看的唯一考虑的重要问题的工作是什么which job paid the most and which job had the best schedule. Now that I ve had more 工作最支付的工作是最好的安排。现在,我真是受更多experience, however, I ve found that job satisfaction is an even more important 经验,然而,我真是发现工作满意度是甚至更重要consideration. 考虑。As I headed into my first adult job, I didnt realize how important actually enjoying my 当我正朝我的第一个成人的工作,我不知道已经这么重要的实际上喜欢我的job could be. Then, after my freshman year at college, I got a job in the office of a 工作有可能。然后,经过大学一年级时在大学时,我找到一份工作在办公室里的一个了vocational center for women. Since I did not have a social work degree or counseling 职业中心对女人来说。因为我没有社会工作硕士学位或咨询服务experience, I was not allowed to work with clients. Instead, my duties involved handling the 经验,我不被允许工作与客户接触。相反,我的职责涉及处理office s paperwork. I keyboarded and filed correspondence and filled out countless forms. I 办公室的那文书工作。我keyboarded通信和归档并填写了无数的形式。我soon found myself bored. I wanted to work with people, not paper, but this job kept me 很快就发现自己很无聊。我想要与人打交道,而不在纸上,但是这份工作让我sitting quietly at my desk all day. The time seemed to creep by. 在我的书桌上安静地坐着一整天。时间似乎蠕变。Because of my disappointment with the office job, during my second year in college, I looked 因为我的失望的办公室工作,在我大学二年级,我看到了for a job that would have more people contact. Luckily, I found what I had been looking for 找工作,将有更多的人接触。幸运的是,我发现我一直寻找的in a job waiting on tables at the local coffee shop. People skills are very important for 在等待的工作桌,当地的咖啡店。人际技巧是非常重要的waiting on tables. To be a successful waitress, you need to develop a good rapport with your 在等待的桌子。成为一名成功的女服务员,你需要培培养一种好的融洽的与您的co-workers. Even more important, you must deal with customers in a friendly way. Waiting on 同事。更重要的是,你必须处理客户的态度很友善。等待tables took advantage of my ability to work well with people. Although I worked hard, the 表利用我的能力去和别人处得很好。尽管我努力工作days passed very quickly. I was never bored. 日子过的非常快。我从不感到厌烦。The pay for both the office job and waiting on tables job was adequate, though the salary I 工资对于办公室工作和等待到桌上的工作是足够的,虽然我的工资earned at the office job was far steadier. In the office job, I received a regular paycheck. 在办公室工作了远远更稳健。在办公室工作,我收到了固定的工资。As a waitress, I received a small paycheck. The bulk of my pay came as tips, and those tips 服务员,我收到了一张小的薪水。我的工资的大部分是小费,以及这些小费varied greatly depending on what shift I worked, which tables I was assigned, and how busy 这取决于不同而有很大的转变,这张桌子,我的工作,我的任务是很忙the restaurant was. Though my overall waitress pay was roughly equal to what I received for 这间餐厅很。虽然我的总服务生工资是什么我收到大致持平office work, at the end of some days I found myself with less pay than I would have liked. 办公室工作,在最后,有时候我发现自己比我缴纳较少会受到人们的喜爱。The schedule of my office job was regular and predictable. I never had to arrive earlier 日程安排我的办公室工作规则和可预见性。我从来没有到更早than 9 a.m. or leave later than 5 p.m. On the other hand, waiting on tables was never 9点或者晚点儿走5点关门。另一方面,在等待表从来没有regular. One week I might work from noon to nine in the evening, and the next I might work 规则。有一次我或许行得通从中午到晚上9点,然后我可能会工作from six in the evening to three in the morning. Moreover, the tasks were more physically 从六个傍晚要凌晨三点了。此外,这些任务的外表更demanding and less predictable than those of an office job. One minute I was carrying two 捉摸的需求和比办公室的工作。一分钟我还带两个heavy trays of food, and the next minute I was keeping track of multiple orders at different 沉重的托盘的食物,一分钟后,我被跟踪多个订单不同tables. Although the work was chaotic, I thrived at waiting on tables. 表。尽管其工作混乱,我繁荣在等待在桌上。Now when I look for jobs, I consider job satisfaction as well as pay and schedule. When I 现在当我找工作,我认为工作满意度同时也要密切和计划。当我worked in an office, the pay and schedule were good, but the job didnt make use of my 在办公室工作,工资和时间表是不错的,但是工作没有利用我的skills with people and left me dissatisfied. By contrast, although waiting on tables paid 技能和别人在一起离开了我不满足。相比之下,虽然酒菜等活儿了less dependably and had a more demanding schedule, I found the job much more satisfying 店铺环境及设施少了更严格的计划,我觉得这工作更加令人满意的because I worked directly with people. Working at these two jobs has taught me that job 因为我直接工作了。这两个工作工作教会了我那份工作satisfaction is much more important to me than the pay and schedule. 更重要的是满足对我来说比工资和时间表。B-2The Kind of Work Daddy Does 爸爸的工作做It is not surprising that modern children tend to look blank and dispirited when informed 也就不足为奇如今的孩子们倾向于看到当被告知颓废的空白that they will someday have to go to work and make a living. The fact is they cannot 他们将有一天不得不去“工作与谋生。”事实是他们不能visualize what work is in corporate America. 想象在美国公司的工作。Not so long ago, when a parent said he was off to work, the child knew very well what was 不久以前,当父亲说他要出去工作时,孩子很清楚地知道什么about to happen. His parent was going to make something or fix something. The parent could 就要发生了。他的父母要做些或修复一些东西。父母可能take his offspring to his place of business and let him watch while he repaired a car or 带孩子前去他上班的地方,让他看着他修理汽车built a table. 造桌子。When a child asked, What kind of work do you do, Daddy? his father could answer in terms 当一个孩子问:“你是做什么工作的,爸爸?”他父亲能回答的概念that a child could come to grips with. I fix steam engines. I make horse collars. 就是孩子也能面对。“我修理蒸汽发动机。“我使马衣领。”Well, a few fathers still fix engines and build things, but most do not. Nowadays, most 嗯,一些列祖,然后创造一些仍然修理引擎,但大多数的人不可以。如今,大多数fathers sit in glass buildings performing tasks that are absolutely incomprehensible to 父亲坐在玻璃大楼是绝对不可理解的完成任务children. The answers they gave when asked, What kind of work do you do, Daddy? are likely 孩子。答案他们给当被问到:“你是做什么工作的,爸爸?”也是如此to be very puzzling to the child. 很莫名其妙的孩子。I sell space. I do market research. I am a data processor. I am in public relations. “我卖空间”。“我做市场调研。”“我是一个数据处理。”“我在公共关系。”I am a systems analyst. Such explanations must seem nonsense to a child. How can he “我是一个系统分析员。”这些说法看起来很没有孩子。他怎么能做possibly imagine anyone analyzing a system or researching a market? 想象一个系统或任何人分析研究市场?Even grown men who do market research have trouble visualizing what a public relations man 甚至那些成年男子市场研究有困难是公共关系的观察人does with his day, and it is a safe bet that the average systems analyst is as puzzled about 如何处理他的一天,今天是保险的做法的平均系统分析员是不知道接下去吗what a space salesman does at the shop as the average space salesman is about the tools 做什么空间推销员在商店售货员的平均空间的工具needed to analyze a system. 必须分析系统。In the common everyday job, nothing is made any more. Things are now made by machines. Very 普通的日常工作的人,什么都不做任何更多。情况正由机器。很little is repaired. The machines that make things make them in such a fashion that they will 小修理。制作东西的机器使自己,在这样一个时尚,他们会的quickly fall apart in such a way that repairs will be too expensive. Thus the buyer is 快掉的维修将太贵的。因此买方encouraged to throw the thing away and buy a new one. In effect, the machines are making 鼓励学生把东西放好,买一辆新的。实际上,这些机器制造junk. 垃圾。The handful of people remotely associated with these machines can, of course, tell their 为数不多的人远程会伴随这些机器可以,当然,告诉他们的inquisitive children Daddy makes junk. Most of the work force, however, is too remote from 好奇的孩子“爸爸让杂物。大部分的工作人员,然而,因远离junk pr