小学英语总复习-形容词.doc

专项一：形容词一 定义：直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，例如：tallstrong largecold heavy exciting difficult fat 等等，都表示“的”。二 形容词的作用：1.做定语 修饰名词，放在名词前面 a new book, a good boy It is a beautiful garden. 2.做表语，放在系动词之后 The book is new. She is beautiful. He looks very yong.三 形容词的级： 原级（形） 比较级 最高级 形容词比较级最高级变化规则： 1. 一般单词在词尾直接加er, est, 如young-younger-youngest small-smaller-smallest 2. 以e结尾的直接加-r, -st, 如nice-nicer-nicest large-larger-largest 3. 以辅音字母y结尾，变y为i再加-er,-est ,如；heavy-heavier -heaviest busy-busier-busiest 4. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，(或者辅元辅和辅辅元辅结构的词) 双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est 如：big-bigger big-biggest 5. 多音节和部分双音节单词 比较级前加more, 最高级前加most, 如：beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful 6不规则变化的词，特殊记忆：good-better best well-better-best bad-worse-worst much-more-most many-more-most little-less-least四：句型1. 比较级My father is taller than I.结构：A + be动词 + 比较级 + than + B标志词:than2. 最高级My father is the tallest in my family.结构：A + be动词 + the + 最高级 + 范围 标志：表示范围的短语：如 in the world; in his class; of all; of the three; among五： 扩充+考点1. 修饰形容词原级别的副词常有：so very quite too Your book is too old. The room is quite/very/so clean. 2. 放在比较级前面表示程度的词常用 much。 My father is much taller than I. 爸爸比我高多了。3. 和.一样 as + 原级+ as如：My father is as tall as I. 爸爸和我一样高。不如，不像一样 not as （so）+ 原级+as 如：I am not as tall as my father. 我不如爸爸高。4. 不和别的人或事物比较，只是自身前后变化比较 比较级 +and + 比较级taller and taller 越来越高 better and better 越来越好It is getting colder and colder.多音节和部分双音节单词：more and more +形容词 more and more beautiful 越来越美丽 more and more difficult 越来越难She is growing more and more beautiful.5. one of + 最高级 最.的之一China is one of the oldest countries in the world. 世界上最古老的国家有好几个，所以最古老的国家country用复数 countries，中国是其中之一，be动词或谓语动词要用单数。 课堂练习一：写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级short _ _ long_ _ big _ _ cheap _ _large _ _ small_ _ big _ _ thin _ _happy _ _heavy _ _ funny _ _ angry _ _good _ _ thirsty _ _busy _ _ bad_ _fat_ _boring _ _ exciting_二：用所给出形容词的适当形式填空。1. My sisiter is two years _(old) than me.2. Lily is _(beautiful) in her class.3. Is your friend _(young) than you? Yes, she is.4. My sister is _(fat) than I.5. which _(heavy), the elephant or the pig?6. This snake _(long) than that one.7. Which mountain _(high) in China.8. Music is _(boring) than P.E.9. My eyes _than hers.10. This book is _(interesting) of all.三：用所给词的适当形式填空：1. Look My balloon is _ and _(big).2. Winter is coming. It is getting _(cold).3. Changjiang is one of the longest _（river）in China.4. This dress is as_(beautifu) as that one.5. Dad, look at Lilys photos, she is growing _(beautiful).6. Math is _(difficult) subject of all.7. Fangming is not as _(tall) as the other girls.8. The box is small, but its very _(heavy).9. I broke my fathers computer again. This time he became _(angry) than last time.10. I think Chinese _(boring) than English.四选择正确答案1. This question _than that one. A. some more difficult B. difficultier C.much more difficult2. These books are _old, please buy some new ones. A. very much B.much C. too3. Today is my birthday, so I am _in the family. A. happy B.more happier C.the happiest4. I am _happy to see you again. A.more B.very C. so5. I am taller than my brother, but he is _than I. A. more heavy B.very heavier C. much heavier 6. The Nile is one of _in the world. A.the longest river B.most longest river C. the longest rivers7. The box is big, but it is very _. A.old B.older C. oldest8. I am _ happy to see you again. A. very B. more C.much9. Thats_question in the test. A more difficult B the most difficult10. think winter _(good) than summer. A. is good B.the better C.is better 专项二：副词一：看下列单词：quickly 迅速地 carefully 仔细地 slowly 缓慢地 easily 简单地.这些词均表示“.地”，这类词是副词二：形容词与副词转化规则：大部分的形容词都可以转化成副词，规则如下1.一般的形容词在词尾直接加 ly carefulcarefully slowslowly quickquickly2.以y结尾的词，变y为i 加ly heavyheavily busybusily happyhappily3.以e结尾的形容词，去掉e，加y terribleterribly 4.和形容词同形的特殊记忆： hard early late fast. 特殊记：good-well三：副词的作用例句：1. He runs fast. run 为动词，fast是副词2. She does his homework carefully. does 为动词，carefully是副词3. I eat my dinner quickly. eat 为动词，carefully是副词副词修饰动词，在句中做状语，一般放在动词之后；修饰全句时，一般放在句尾。四：副词的比较级和最高级1. 一般的副词（规则中1，2，3变化而来）为长音节词，这些词的比较级和最高级同形容词中长音节词的变化规则一样，在词的前面加more变成比较级，在词前面加most 构成最高级。 例如：carefullymore carefullymost carefully slowlymore slowlymost slowly2. 与形容词同形的副词，这些词的比较级和最高级和形容词一致。fast-faster- fastest hardharderhardest latelaterlatest earlyearlier-earliest 特殊记 wellbetterbest badlyworse-worst五考点： as.as和一样 He walks as fast as I. 因为句中walk是动词，所以asas中间应该用副词原级，修饰动词walk。注：当as前面是be动词时，asas之间用形容词原级；当as前面是动词时，asas 之间用副词原级。练习用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Jim does not do _(good) in P.E.2. Wang Ping ran _(fast) than Lily yesterday.3. I jump_(high) than some of the boys in