2012年高考英语《从句(三)》教案.doc

从句（三）状语从句和并列句教案一、教学目标1、并列句及其常见考点； 2、状语从句及其常见考点；3、状语从句的易错考点。二、教学重难点1、教学重点：并列句、状语从句的常见考点；2、教学难点：状语从句的易错考点。三、教学过程（一）问题排行榜（Hit the charts）1、什么是并列句？并列句都有哪些常见考点？2、状语从句有哪些？状语从句都有哪些常见考点？3、状语从句都有哪些易错考点？（二）攻克难点（Overcome difficulties）1、什么是并列句？并列句都有哪些常见考点？并列句一、句子的分类二、并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。三、常见的并列句1表递进关系：用来表递进关系的并列连词有and，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，not.but.等。典例1(2011年高考山东卷)Find ways to praise your children often，_youll find they will open their hearts to you.AtillBorCand Dbut2表选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either.or.，otherwise等。Either you are right，or I am.要么你对，要么我对。Dont drive so fast，or/otherwise youll have an accident.不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。3表转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas，while等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。Some men are rich，while/whereas others are poor.一些人很富有但其他人很贫穷。4表因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for。It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。The shops were closed so I didnt get any milk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。5when还可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：(1)sb.was doing sth.when.(2)sb.was about to/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when.(3)sb.had just done sth.when.。We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。典例2(2011年高考浙江卷)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ my daughter heard cries for help.Aafter BwhileCsince Dwhen6while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。2、状语从句有哪些？状语从句都有哪些常见考点？状语从句一、时间状语从句1when，while和aswhen引导的从句的谓语动词既可是一个持续性动词，也可是非持续性动词；while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比；as引导的从句的谓语动词可以是持续性动词，也可以是非持续性动词，有“随着”之意，多用于主从句动作同时发生。2as soon as，immediately，directly，the moment，the minute，no sooner.than，hardly/scarcely.when，once等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。3till，until和not(.)untiltill，until引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某一时间才停止”。not(.)until引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“直到才”。not(.)until还可以用于强调句和倒装句。4before和since若表达“没过就，过了才”之意时，须用连词before，句式为“It was/will be时间段before.”；since意为“自从”，句式为“It is/has been时间段since.”。5every time，each time，next time，the first time，any time等名词短语引导时间状语从句时，分别表示“每次，下次，第一次，任何时候”。典例1Mary made coffee _her guests were finishing their meal.Aso that BalthoughCwhile Das if二、让步状语从句1让步状语从句表示尽管有某种不利于主句动作发生的条件存在，主句中的情况依然会出现。引导让步状语从句的连词比较多，常见的有：although，though，while；even ifeven though；no matter疑问词疑问词ever；whether . or .although与though两者意思相近，用法也相近，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。2as引导让步状语从句要倒装as引导让步状语从句时，状语、表语及谓语动词的一部分应置于as之前。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。典例2Tim is in good shape physically _he doesnt get much exercise.Aas Beven thoughCunless Das long as典例3(2011年高考辽宁卷)No matter how_， it is not necessarily lifeless.Aa desert may be dry Bdry a desert may beCmay a desert be dry Ddry may a desert be三、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless(if.not)(除非)，so (as) long as(只要)，in case(以防万一)，on condition that(条件是)，supposing (that)(假设)，provided/providing (that)(假如)等。典例4(2011年高考江苏卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._，wed better take it to the garage immediately.AOtherwise BIf notCBut for that DIf so典例5(2011年高考湖南卷)Jack wasnt saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever. Aas if Bin caseCwhile Dthough四、地点、原因状语从句1地点状语从句地点状语从句是表示主句谓语动词的动作发生的地点的状语从句，引导词有where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere等。2原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，since，now (that)，for，seeing (that)，considering that等，每个连词的含义不尽相同。典例6Today，we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.Awhen BwhereChow Dwhat五、目的、结果状语从句1引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that，in order that，for fear (that)，in case，lest等。典例7Leave your key with a neighbor _you lock yourself out one day.Aever since Beven ifCsoon after Din case2引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that，so.that，such.that。在非正式语体中，so.that和such.that引导句子时that可以省略，但要注意其结构形式：so形容词/副词that从句；so形容词a/an可数名词单数形式that从句；somany/much/few/little名词that从句；sucha/an形容词可数名词单数形式that从句；such形容词名词复数形式/不可数名词that从句；sucha lot of/lots of名词that从句。六、比较、方式状语从句引导比较状语从句的连词有：than；as.as；not so.as；the比较级，the比较级。引导方式状语从句的连词有：as，as if，as though等，多放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。典例8She had a tense expression on her face，_she was expecting trouble.Aeven though Bas thoughCso that Dnow that（三）方法列举（List methods）3、状语从句都有哪些易错考点？状语从句的易错点_you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.AHowever a serious problemBWhat a serious problemCHowever serious a problemDWhat serious a problem解题指导考查状语从句的题目，应着重考虑以下几点。1要根据前后句的逻辑关系判断是哪一种状语从句。2注意when/while/as引导时间状语从句时的异同。3注意区别until和till的不同用法。4一些名词短语和副词以及一些固定句式都可以表示“一就”的意思。5注意because/as/since/now that等引导原因状语从句时异同。6although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。7no matter who/what/where/how等可引导让步状语从句，相当于whoever/whatever/wherever/however等。但whoever/whatever/ whichever还可引导名词性从句。（四）能力拓展（Develop skills）1(2011年金华高一检测)_it with me and I will see what I can do with it.AWhen left BLeavingCIf you leave DLeave解析：句意：把它留给我，我看看能怎么处理。“祈使句and简单句”是固定搭配。答案：D2(2011年开封高二检测)He was about to tell me the secret_someone patted him on the shoulder.Aas Bwhile Cwhen Duntil解析：when在此处是并列连词，相当于and at that time。句意：他正要告诉我那个秘密，就在那时，有人拍他的肩膀。答案：C3(2011年宜春高二检测)Every time_I go to school，I am usually riding my bike，_I take a bus.Awhen；besides B/；except whenCwhen；except for D/；except for解析：句意：每次上学，我通常骑自行车，除了坐公交车的时候。every time引导时间状语从句，意为“每次”；when引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”。except表“除了”。答案：B4. Rose couldnt concentrate_what she was doing_her family were watching TV.Ato；when Bon；whileCfor；when Din；while解析：考查时间状语从句。concentrate on专注于；while在的时候/期间。答案：B5The bike hit the tree_I could get off.Awhen BbeforeCuntil Dwhile解析：考查时间状语从句。before在之前；还没来得及，就。句意：我还没来得及下自行车，就撞到树上了。答案：B6(2011年嘉兴高一检测)Did Jack come back early last night?Yes.It was not yet eight oclock_ he got home.Abefore Bwhen Cthat Duntil解析：考查时间状语从句。句意：当他到家时还不到八点钟。when引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”。答案：B7(2011年杭州高一检测)He made a mistake，but he corrected the situation_it got worse.Abefore BwhenCuntil Das解析：考查时间状语从句。句意：他犯了个错误，但是在形势还没变得更糟糕之前就纠正了。before在之前；趁着。答案：A8(2011年抚顺高二检测)It wil