2018年高考英语二轮复习专题10书面表达讲含解析.docx

专题10 书面表达【构建知识体系】基础写作考点1记叙文型书面表达考点2应用文型书面表达考点3说明文型书面表达考点4议论文型书面表达2016-2017年全国高考本专题考查分布明细统计试卷新课标新课标年份2017年2016年2017年2016年命题形式文字提示文字提示文字提示文字提示写作内容写封邮件告知下次上课的计划暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历(rsum)。给外教Ms Jenkins 写信邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(papercutting)艺术展校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信体裁应用文(电子邮件)应用文(书信)应用文(电子邮件)应用文(书信)【考纲解读】考试大纲要求考纲解读根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：（1）准确使用语法和词汇；（2）使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。要求考生根据所给情景，用英语写一篇100个单词左右的短文。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。书面表达的评分标准：1.信息内容的完整性(Completeness)；2.信息内容的连贯性(Coherence)；3.句子结构的正确性(Correctness)；4.句子结构的复杂性(Variety)。【剖析全国高考真题】预测高考命题方向1.2017全国卷假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：1. 时间和地点；2. 内容：学习唐诗；3. 课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Leslie，I am very happy that you have made great progress in learning Chinese and you are interested in Chinese culture. Now Ill tell you the next learning programme. On July 20, we are going to learn poems of the Tang Dynasty which you are interested in in the Lecture Hall. As a foreign learner, it is difficult for you to understand the true meaning and the culture of them. Therefore, before class, you can read some books related to the history of the Tang Dynasty to better appreciate the poems. Be sure to go to the Lecture Hall on time. You cannot miss the wonderful poems.Best wishes.Yours，Li Hua2. 2017全国卷假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(papercutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1展览时间、地点；2展览内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】 Dear Henry，Im Li Hua, one of your students in your cultural class. I know youre interested in one of Chinese traditional art formspapercutting. So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it. Itll be held from June 10 to July 10 this year and the opening time is from 9：00 am to 7：00 pm from Monday to Saturday and the place of the exhibition is at the City Gallery, which is located at 118, Jian Guo Road, Hai Dian District. Shall we go there together this Friday afternoon? I will meet you at 2：00 pm at the teaching building gate if you like. You know we Chinese have a lot of traditional art forms, of which papercutting is one of the most popular. In the exhibition, you will enjoy many special kinds of papercuttings. Maybe you can learn one or two skills of the cutting. Looking forward to your early reply.Regards, Li Hua32017全国卷假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：1球队活动；2报名方式及截止日期。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】Dear Eric，I was informed that our school Pingpong Team is looking for new members among us students. I know you show great fancy in ball games, especially pingpong. As you know, playing pingpong can not only build up your body but also shape your character. Additionally, it can help you make more friends, which is essentially beneficial to you.Would you like to join? If so, please go to sign up at the Student Union office, which is on the second floor of the Teaching Building. You can go there any time this Saturday afternoon. If you want me to accompany you, please let me know. I will be available any time.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Hua【高考预测】纵观近几年全国高考试题，虽未出现此类题型，但可以预测2018年全国高考试题可能会题材贴近考生的学习和生活。历年来全国高考书面表达的题材都非常贴近考生的学习生活，如：就暑假赴英学习英语向招生大学询问有关情况、邀请外教一起去敬老院陪老人过重阳节、畅想十年后的自己等。可以预料2018年高考写作题的题材还会在这些范围之内，并为考生所熟悉。写作的体裁主要是应用文。命题形式多为文字提示或文字+图表，以书信为主。 利用英语讲好中国故事，宣传中国文化，增强文化自信是未来命题的重要方向。【精讲研法】课堂讲解突破核心考点考点一 记叙文型书面表达【例1】2017北京卷假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：视频video_1. In order to leave some impressive memories for all of us before graduation, our class made a special video to express our appreciation to2. carried out a discussion/various ideas were put forward3. shot some wonderful videos in the school/interviewed our teachers4. Those who are talented in computer contributed to the making of the video.5. edited the video/added our love to6. The show received a warm welcome among our fellow schoolmates.7. Memories of the past flooded into our minds/firm bond to our school内容要点：1. 讨论分工2. 收集素材3. 编辑制作4. 放映视频One possible version：Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school. Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. The editing part after that was tough. We debated over what to put into the video. Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned out perfect. Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.规律方法1：记叙文型书面表达记叙文是以叙述为主要表达方式，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体，包括记人、记事方面的故事、日记、游记、新闻、通讯等。记叙文通常要将时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果这六个要素交代清楚。通常使用第一人称或第三人称来写，第一人称主要用于写自传或本人的经历，第三人称用于写他人的经历或事迹。写作时要注意以下几点：(1)注意不要漏掉信息点，但也不要为了生动而随意添加信息。(2)信息点的表述不一定完全按照题目所给的顺序，可能要适当重组。要特别注意故事发展的线索和时间顺序等。(3)记叙文写作的时态多数用一般过去时，但也要注意灵活运用其他时态。(4)高考中记叙文的话题通常是与中学生的生活阅历有关，如校园生活、旅游、交通、交友等，因此平时要注意积累这些方面的词汇。 【变式精练】【北京市房山区2016-2017学年度高三年级第二学期第一次模拟】77. 假设你是红星中学高三（1）班学生李华， 上周五你们班参观了中国科技馆，请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“A Day in Museum”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：China Science and Technology Museum中国科技馆【答案】Last Friday, we were organized to pay a visit to China Science and Technology Museum. Upon arrival, we were given an introduction about the various exhibition areas of the museum at the main hall. We listened very carefully and were attracted to the exhibition of science and life. Entering the exhibition hall, we were amazed by the splendid space models including the China Railway High-speed (CRH), the spacecraft and the rockets, which appealed many of us to take photos and have a hot discussion. Lots of us agreed that our country is on the high way to getting stronger. Knowing that theres a chance to experience the making of the space models in person in the DIY area, we rushed to there without any hesitation. There, under joint efforts, we made a model plane with what we learned in the exhibition hall, which pleased all of us.Time flied, we didnt want but we had to bid farewell to the museum and the fabulous exhibition. On the way home, the school bus was boiled with excitement. We laughed and promised ourselves that we would try our best to make our motherland much stronger. In my mind, there was a sweet dream rising in which I discovered an unknown land with a new spacecraft from our Shenzhou series. I couldnt help smiling from the bottom of my heart.考点二 应用文型书面表达【例2】【2017浙江11月真题】假定你是李华，得知外教Mr. Hall寒假不回国，想邀请他到你家过春节。请给他写一封信，内容包括：1.时间；2.一同过节的家人；3.活动。注意：1. 词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Mr. Hall,Im writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Festival on January 19. Its traditionally a time for family reunion, so my parents and my brother will all be there. Well make dumplings together and have a big dinner. Well also play card games and watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV. You may even get a gift from my parents. If youre able to come, Ill go and pick you up at your place.Best, Li Hua【范文亮点】Its traditionally a time for family reunion.If youre able to come, Ill go and pick you up at your place.运用了主将从现的句型。规律方法2：应用文型基础写作应用文是指在日常生活和工作中为某种具体的实用目的而写的文体，主要有书信、通知、海报、请柬、请假条、便条、日记、启事、祝辞、履历表等。应用文的语言力求平实、准确、简洁。由于应用文的使用广泛而频繁，其表达的内容结构严谨、易于理解掌握，所以写作时要注意以下几点：(1)正式的应用文有比较规范的格式，但高考中的基础写作至今尚未考查过格式，只要求准确地表达正文内容。(2)注意时态，如日记常用过去时态，通知、请柬通常要用将来时态，而履历表用现在时态。(3)应用文的写作往往有一些特定的习惯语句或套话，这些语句在考试中可能会被考查到，所以要重点掌握。 【变式精练】2014全国卷一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”，请根据下列要点和你的畅想完成短文。1.家庭：2工作：3.业余生活。注意：1.词数100左右：2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：3.开头语已为你写好。Ioftenimaginewhatmylifewillbelikeinthefuture. 用到了宾语从句in whatever I do、I will work in a computer company as a program designer等，这些都给朴素的语言带来了亮点。考点：考查提纲作文。考点三 说明文型基础写作【例3】2011广东卷以下是一本图书的基本信息及相关报道。基本信息：(1)书名：Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother(2)作者：Amy Chua，美籍华人，耶鲁大学教授(3)出版时间：2010年(4)内容：作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事(5)效应：引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论相关报道：(1)中文版：2011年初开始在中国销售(2)意外反应：多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法(3)最新消息：17岁的大女儿已被哈佛大学和耶鲁大学录取参考词汇：耶鲁：Yale；哈佛：Harvard写作内容根据以上信息写一篇图书介绍，内容包括：1图书的基本信息；2图书的相关报道。写作要求只能用5个句子表达全部内容。评分标准句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。 【参考范文】The book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother written by Amy Chua，a Chinese American，who is a professor in Yale University，was published in 2010.The book is about how the author educated her two daughters with Chinese traditional education mode，which brought about heated discussion about which is better between Chinese education mode and American education mode.In early 2011，the book came onto the market in China.Contrary to peoples expectations，most of the Chinese mothers are not in favor of the authors way she educated children.However，according to the latest news，her elder daughter，has been admitted into Yale University as well as Harvard University.【名师点拨】内容提示中共有10个要点，第一个句子包含了书名、作者名、籍贯、职业以及出书时间5个要点，而且句式中有过去分词作定语，同位语和定语从句，该句不仅信息量大而且句式复杂而又流畅。第二个句子包含书的内容及效应，其句式结构复杂，先是介后宾语从句中含有一个非限制性定语从句，同时定语从句中还含有一个宾语从句，体现了语言基本功的扎实。另外，后三个句子中的过渡性词汇使用恰当：in early 2011；contrary to peoples expectations；however；as well as等。一篇好的作文首先是要点齐全，第二是句式丰富、高级，第三是过渡性词汇恰当。规律方法3：说明文型基础写作说明文是用简洁的文字介绍事物的特性、构造、变化、结果的文章。高考中，说明文常见的话题有：产品介绍、地点描述、方位描写、变化分析、购物指南和操作说明等。近几年的说明文主要是即时性的说明文。写这类文章需注意以下几点：(1)首先要读题审题，弄清需要介绍的内容，把握信息要点，不可遗漏也不能添加。(2)写作内容要条理清楚、层次分明。说明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比法、分类法和因果法等； 说明自然环境方面的内容常用时空次序法和分类法等。(3)