牛津译林版英语八下《Unit1PastandPresent》ppt课件之二.ppt

8B Unit 1 Past and Present,Grammar (B),Learning aims,1.能够在语境中正确运用现在完成时。 2.运用现在完成时谈论发生在过去并与现在有联系的事情。 3.理解并运用常与现在完成时连用的时间表达方式。,Did it.?,Has it .?,Did they.?,Have they .?,Did they.?,Have they .?,Did he.?,Has he .?,Did she.?,Has she .?,Guessing Game,Has it .?,Did it.?,她以前曾去过上海。,She has been to Shanghai before.,他在上海10年了。,She has been in Shanghai for ten years,他去上海了。,He has gone to Shanghai.,他已学英语五年了。,He has studied English for five years.,Have a try!,现在完成时的时间状语,常与不确定的时间状语连用，如:already, never, ever, just, yet, before, up to now, so far, for the last few weeks等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作. 还可以和包括现在在内(到说话时仍未结束)的,表示一段时间的状语连用，如:now, today, this morning (afternoon, evening, week, month, year), these days, since, for a long time等.,上一页,下一页,现在完成时的主要用法,一.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情现在已经结束。,上一页,下一页,Someone has just turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了。),I have already finished my homework. (我已经完成了家庭作业。),二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继续。,上一页,下一页,I want to see how much the place has changed since I saw it last. 我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。,I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。,现在完成时的主要用法,三.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.,上一页,下一页,Have you ever been to the Summer Palace? (你曾去过颐和园吗?),I have never had a car. (我从未有过汽车。),现在完成时的主要用法,四.现在完成时还常与句型 This is the first time，Its the first time 连用。,上一页,下一页,This is the first time he has driven a car . 这是他第一次开车。,现在完成时的主要用法,五.现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最的。,上一页,下一页,What a boring film！ 一部多么令人厌烦的电影啊！,Its the most boring film Ive ever seen.这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。,现在完成时的主要用法,现在完成时的知识点检查,1.He_（write）the sentence yet. 2._you_(修理)your bike yet? 3.Computers_(come)into use _(近来). 4._you_ _ _ (看展览) recently?No.Is it about changes in Beijing over the past_(世纪)? 5.He_ _ _ _(忘记标题),hasnt he?,上一页,下一页,has written,Have,repaired,have come,recently,Have,seen any exhibitions,century,has forgotten the title,一、since短语或从句表示过去的动 作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点。 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. （1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。） Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. （他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。）,上一页,下一页,二、for短语表示动作延续多长时 间，for的宾语为时间段。 1.We have known each other for twenty years. （我们认识有二十年 了。） 2.I havent seen her for a long time. （我好久没有见到她了。）,上一页,下一页,选用 for和 since填空: 1.We havent seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China. 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years. 6. Its five years _ we met last time.,for,since,for,since,for,since,下一页,上一页,for后面应该接“段时间”； since后面应该接“点时间”或者“句子”。,关键点： 1 since for 主句都用现在完成时，主句动词为延续性. 2 since引导的从句通常采用“一般过去时”,conclusion,just, recently是完成时的时间状语，just now 有a moment ago 之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。 The train has just arrived. （火车刚到。） Did you see Joan just now? （你刚才看到琼了吗？） Have you heard from your family lately/recently? （你最近收到家人的来信了吗？）,上一页,下一页,1.I_(lose)my pen just now. I_ just _(lose)my pen . （我刚才丢了钢笔） 2.She_ just _(buy) a book. She_ (buy) a book just now. （她刚才买了本书）,上一页,下一页,lost,have,lost,has,bought,bought,七、ever和never也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾经”，多见于疑问句或否定句中；后者意思是“从来没有”，表示全部否定。 “Have you ever seen the film?” “No. I have never seen it.” （“你曾经看过这部影片吗？” “没有， 从来没看过。”） Nobody in our class has ever been there. （我们班没有人去过那。）,上一页,下一页,八、already和yet常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。yet在否定句中有“还”之意。 “Has the bus left yet”? “Yes. It has already left.” “No. It hasnt left yet. “汽车开走了吗？” “是的，已经开走了。” “不，还没有开走。 ”,上一页,下一页,“already” 用于现在完成时的肯定句中, “yet” 用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中. 用“already” “yet”填空 He has ( ) visited many places in China. ( ) 注意 “already“ 在句中的两种位置. The train hasnt arrived .火车（到现在）还没有到。 Has she arrived ? 她已经到了吗？Hasnt he come ? 她还没来吗？,already,already,yet,yet,yet,Complete their conversation using the present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets with the correct time expressions. Simon: Have you_ (travel) by plane? Daniel: No, I_ ( not travel ) by plane _, but Ill fly to Sanya this summer. My parents and I will stay there for a whole week to enjoy the sun and the beach. Simon: Im sure youll enjoy the trip. By the way, did you know that my family_( own) a boat _ 1920?,ever travelled,havent travelled,yet,has owned,since,Daniel: I cant believe your family_( own) a boat _ over 80 years! Simon: In fact, you _( see) it in the sitting room. Daniel: Oh,yes,but thats not a real boat. Its only a model! Simon: I know, but it looks like a real one. Its just smaller. Daniel: I must say that its the best model I_(see ). Simon: Thank you, Daniel.,has owned,for,have already seen,have ever seen,in the past few years 意思是“过去几年来”，可作现在完成时的时间状语；in the past意思是“在过去”，常作一般过去时的时间状语。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years. （过去几年来，我的家乡发生了很大的变化。） Where did you work in the past? （你过去在哪里工作？）,上一页,下一页,before泛指“以前”时，可用于现在完成时中；ago表示“现在的一段时间以前”，是一般过去时的时间状语。 Ive never been to Japan before. （我以前没去过日本。） She went to Japan a year ago. （她一年前去了日本。）,上一页,下一页,even since 、then与from then on (after that)都有“打那以后”之意，前者是完成时的时间状语，后者常用作一般过去时的时间状语。 Shes lived here ever since then. （打那以后，她一直住在这。） I didnt hear of Jim from then on/after that. （打那以后，我就没有吉姆的消息。）,上一页,下一页,动 词 填 空： 1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that already. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. 2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(be) there?,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,been,下一页,上一页,4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting. 5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. 7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year. 8.Mr chen _(give) up smoking since last year.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,has given,下一页,上一页,interview 采访,you,you