人教版新课标一轮复习教材知识梳理核查课件：必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthesta.ppt

Unit 4,Astronomy: the science of the stars,1violent 2explode,adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 vt.& vi.(使)爆炸；爆发,3atmosphere,n大气层；气氛,4surface 5harmful 6spread 7depend,n表面；外表；水面 adj.表面的；肤浅的 adj.有害的；伤害的 vt.& vi.展开；伸展；传播 vi.依靠；依赖；取决于,8force 9float,n力量；暴力 vt.强迫；强制；逼迫 vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n漂流物,1explode,vt.& vi.(使)爆炸；爆发,例句,The army took the time bomb away to a safe place and,exploded it. 军队把定时炸弹移到一个安全的地方，并引爆了它。,搭配,explode in/with anger 勃然大怒,explode into/with laughter 放声大笑,运用,完成句子,(1)你勃然大怒之时，你的敌人开始笑了。 When you_, your enemy will start smiling. (2)如果飞机的一小部分失灵，飞机将在空中爆炸。 If a small part of the plane were to fail, the plane_ _in the sky.,explode in/with anger,would,explode,2harmful,adj.有害的；伤害的,例句,Its harmful to your eyes to read on the bus.,在公共汽车上看书对你的眼睛有害。,派生 搭配,harm vt.& n损害；伤害；危害 be harmful to sb./sth. do harm to sb./sth. 或 do,sb./sth.harm 或 harm sb./sth.对有害处；有害于 do good to sb./sth. do sb./sth.good 或 be good for sb./sth. 对有好处；有益于 do more harm than good 弊大于利,运用,完成句子,(1)过量喝酒对你的身体有害。 _your health to drink too much. (2)许多人争辩说考试弊大于利。 A lot of people argue that exams_.,It is harmful to/It does harm to/It harms,do more harm than good,3spread vt.& vi.展开；伸展；传播,例句,He spread the news around the town.,他在镇上到处传播这一消息。 He spread the map out on the floor. 他把地图铺在地板上。,搭配,spread like wildfire 像野火般迅速传播；(消息等)迅,速地传开 spread out 伸张；传播开；散开；扩大；铺开；打开 spread (sb./oneself) out 使(某人/自己)离开其他人或散开 spread on 涂沫(或敷)在上,运用,完成句子,(1)一张厚厚的地毯铺在地板上。 A thick blanket_ on the floor. (2)谣言在那个小城镇像野火般地传开了。 The rumours_ from mouth to mouth in that town. (3)别都挤在一块，分开坐吧。 Dont all sit together._.,was spread out,spread like wildfire,Spread yourselves out,4depend,vi.依靠；依赖；取决于,例句,I may go to America or not, it all depends.,我也许去美国，也许不去，要视情况而定。 The party depends on whether or not we can collect enough money. 这次宴会取决于我们能否募捐到足够的钱。,搭配,depend on/upon 依靠；信赖；取决于,That (all) depends/It (all) depends.那得看情况/那可不一定。 depend on sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事,运用,完成句子,(1)你不能指望你的敌人来帮助你。 You_your enemy to help you. (2)我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。 Our success _whether everyone works hard.,cant depend on,depends on/upon,5force,n力量；暴力 vt.强迫；强制；逼迫,例句,The thief forced her to hand over the money.,强盗逼她把钱交出来。 Force can never destroy right.暴力绝不能摧毁正义。,搭配,force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事,by force 用武力(或暴力)；强迫 take by force 用武力夺取(或占领) come/enter/go/bring into force (开始)实施(或实行)；(政府法 令、法律、协议等)开始生效 put in/into force 实施(或实行)(政府法令、法律、协议等),运用,完成句子,(1)他被迫要找第二份工作。 He_ a second job. (2)协议将在明年春天生效。 The agreement_ next spring. (3)士兵们强行把犯人带走了。 The soldiers took the prisoners away_.,was forced to look for,will come into force/be put into force,by force,用本单元所学单词及用法完成下列句子 1屋子里笼罩着紧张的气氛。,A(n) _ of tension filled the room.,2谁散布的这些谣言？,Who _ these rumours?,3环境将迫使我们最终采取这项政策。,Circumstances will _us finally to adopt this policy.,4你游累了就漂浮一会儿。,When youre tired of swimming, just _ for a while.,atmosphere,spread,force,float,5小孩依赖他们的父母供给衣食。,Children _their parents for food and clothing.,6频繁熬夜是有害的。,It_ stay up frequently.,7当老板看到销售报告时，他气炸了。,The boss _ when he saw the sales report.,8那种暴力罪犯对社会是一种危害。,_ criminals like that are a danger to society.,depend on,is harmful to,exploded in/with anger,Violent,1in time 及时；终于；总有一天 2in ones turn 轮到某人；接着 3prevent.from 阻止；制止,4cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 5now that 既然；由于 6break out 突发；爆发,7watch out 密切注视；当心；提防,1in time 及时；终于；总有一天,例句,In time they came to accept the harsh facts.,他们最终承认了严酷的事实。 Can we get to the station in time? 我们能及时到达车站吗？,拓展 运用,on time 按时 完成句子,(1)要不是他们帮忙，我们不能及时完成这个项目。 But for their help, we could not have finished the program_. (2)我们相信工作能按时完成。 We are sure that the work will be finished_.,in time,on time,2in ones turn 轮到某人；接着,例句,The leader shook hands with them in their turn.,领导和他们一个个轮着握手。,拓展,in turn 轮流；依次,by turns 轮流；交替 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事,运用,完成句子,(1)轮到你用电脑啦。 _to use the computer. (2)他们轮流值夜班。 They were_ to be on the night shift.,Its your turn,taking turns,3prevent.from (stop/keep.from) 阻止；制止,例句,Nothing can prevent him from going.,什么都不能阻止他前往。,注意,(1)在主动语态中，stop 和 prevent 后的 from 都可以,省略，但 keep 后的 from 不能省略。 (2)在被动语态中，此三个短语中的 from 均不能省略。,运用,完成句子,(1)我因有急事不能去。 I _going by urgent business. (2)大雨使我们不能踢足球了。,The,heavy,rain,prevented/stopped,us,(from),playing,football/kept us from playing football,was prevented/stopped/kept from,.,4cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋,例句,Cheer up! Our troubles will soon be over.,振作起来！我们的困难很快就会过去的。 The good news cheered him up. 这好消息使他高兴起来。,运用,完成句子,振作起来！我肯定你明天会好些的。 _! Im sure youll feel better tomorrow.,Cheer up,5now that,既然；由于,例句,Now that you are all here, lets try and reach a decision.,既然大家都来了，咱们就尽量做出一个决定吧。 Now that prices are rising so fast, all my money is running out. 由于价格上涨太快，我的钱都快花光了。,辨析,now that/since/as/because/for,(1)now that 既然，与 since 含义相近，语气较弱，强调人们 已知的事实。 (2)since 侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由， 常译为“因为”或“既然”，语气比 because 稍弱，通常置于句 首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。,(3)as 表示的原因是双方已知的事实或显而易见的，或者理 由不是很重要的，含义与 since 相同，但语气更弱，没有 since 正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。从句说明原因，主句说明结果， 主从并重。,(4)because 通常表示直接而明确的原因和理由，表示按因果 关系的推断，语气很强，用来回答 why 的问题， 一般位于主句 之后。在强调句型中，只能用 because。,(5)for 是并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对前一分句补充说 明理由。它所引导的分句只能放在句子后部(或单独成为一个句 子)，并且前后两个分句间的逻辑关系不一定是因果关系，其间 用逗号隔开，且 for 不可置于句首，for 的这一用法常用在书面 语中，较正式。,运用,用上面所提供的辨析词或短语填空,(1)It was _ I missed the early bus that I was late for school. (2)It must be morning,_ the birds are singing.,(3)I must stop to work now, _,I have rather a lot of work to,do. (4) _youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.,because,for,as,Now that/Since,6break out 突发；爆发,例句,When the war break out, the two countries break off,their diplomatic relation. 战争爆发后，两国间断绝了外交关系。,辨析,break out/take place/happen/occur,(1)break out 意为“突发；爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病 等灾祸的突然发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。 (2)take place 表示“发生；举行；举办”，一般指非偶然性 事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的 安排。常用于有计划的事情的发生。,(3)happen 作“发生；碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。 (4)occur 作“发生；想到；突然想起”解，其意义相当于 happen。表示思想感情上的“突然想出”，可用于“It occurs to sb.that./It occured that.”，但 happen 没有这个用法。,运用,用上面所提供的辨析词或短语的适当形式填空,(1)The war between the north and the south_ in 1861. (2)When did the traffic accident _? (3)Great changes have _ in my hometown since liberation. (4)It _ to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house.,broke out,happen/occur,taken place,occurred,7watch out 密切注视；当心；提防,例句 拓展,Watch out! Theres a car coming.小心！汽车来了。 watch out for sb./sth.当心或注意某人/某事,watch over 保护；照看 look out/take care/be careful 当心,运用,完成句子,(1)警方正密切注意嫌疑犯的行动。 The police are _ for the suspect. (2)请您帮忙照顾一下我的女儿好吗？ Would you please _my daughter?,watching out,watch over,用本单元所学短语及用法完成下列句子,1当 SARS 爆发的时候，恐惧笼罩了整个国家。,When SARS_, fear spread all over the country.,2“汤姆，你最终会成功的。”这个老人笑着说。,“Youll succeed _, Tom.” said the old man smiling.,3职工们努力去掌握新的技术来提高生产。,The employees are trying _the new technique,to increase production.,broke out,in time,to get the hang of,4既然你已经大学毕业了，就不能再在衣食上依赖你的父,母了。,_youre a college graduate, you cant depend on,your parents for food and clothing any more.,5振作起来！你知道失败是成功之母，毕竟，这是我们的,第一次尝试。,_! You know failure is the mother of success.After all,this is our first attempt.,6我说过我一定是病了，我得留意一下症状。,I said I should be sick, and that I must_ the,symptoms.,Now that/Since,Cheer up,watch out for,7应该采取措施保护河流不受工厂的污染。,Measures should be taken _the factory _polluting,the river.,8经过多年努力，这位导演终于等到他登上领奖台的时刻。,After many years of laborious work, the director has,_,_, got the chance to step on the award platform.,to prevent,from,in his,turn,原句 1,So whether life will continue on the earth for millions,of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这 个问题能否得到解决。,精讲,句中两个以 whether 引导的从句均为名词性从句，,前者是主语从句，后者是宾语从句。在引导宾语从句时 whether(介词的宾语除外)通常可以和 if 互换，但引导主语从句、 表语从句或同位语从句时通常多用 whether 而不用 if。,精练,根据中文提示，完成下列句子,(1)亨利问他是否可以上网。 Henry asked_. (2)她的问题是人类将来能否在火星上生活。 Her question is_. (3)布莱克先生与会与否无关紧要。 _doesnt matter at all.,原句 2,But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried,twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈进的时 候，我发现我被送出去很远，步子的幅度竟然是在地球上的两 倍，因而我跌倒了。,if/whether he could go surfing on the Internet,whether humans will be able to live on Mars,Whether Mr.Black will go to the conference,精讲,几种倍数表示法：,(1)倍数形容词/副词比较级than. (2)倍数as形容词/副词(进行比较的名词)as. (3)倍数the表示衡量的名词 (the size/weight/length/ depth/width.)of. (4)倍数more进行比较的名词than. (5)倍数as many/much进行比较的名词as. (6)倍数that of被比较对象,精练,根据中文提示，完成下列句子,(1)这个大厅比我们的教室大 5 倍。 This hall _our classroom. This hall _our classroom. This hall_ of our classroom. (2)今年我们生产的棉花比十年前多了一倍。(汉语中的多一 倍实际上也指两倍一样多。) Weve produced_ (we did) ten years ago. (3)我们班学生人数比他们班多两倍。 There are _ than in theirs. (4)这个车间 7 月份的产量是 1 月份的 3.5 倍。 In this workshop the output of July _ of January.,is five times bigger than,is six times as big as,is six times the size,twice as much cotton this year as,twice more students in our class,was 3.5 times that,运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵之,Is there life on Mars? We dont know.Can we land on Mars? It,all (1) _( 取 决 于 ) the development of science and technology.Man has (2)_ ( 有 了 一 些 了 解 ),Mars.It might be about 50 degrees above zero at noon and 100 degrees below zero at night, which (3)_,( 阻 止 我 们 在 那 里 生 活 ) (4) _( 既 然 ) Mars (5)_ _(与完全不同) our earth, if we (6)_ (掌握) the knowledge of astronomy and (7)_ (有机 会) go to Mars one day, we should have to (8) _(带上) our,own oxygen, food, clothing and shelter.But it is certain that man,will land on Mars (9)_ (迟早),depends on,known a little about,prevents us from living there,Now that,is quite,different from,get the hang of,have a chance to,take along,in time,听说考试“角色扮演”技巧点拨(二),4注意在表达过程中使用的时态以及提问的语音语调。 提问时要根据听力材料里面的实际情况来选择正确的时 态：现在时、过去时或将来时。在语音语调方面，如果是一般 疑问句，要使用升调。,5在观看视频过程中要专注视频提供的信息，学会记录关,键信息。,Part B 部分和以前的高考听取信息有共同的地方，就是都会 考查考生获取听力材料主旨大意、以及捕捉关键信息的能力。,关键信息通常是以数字、时间、地点、行为、感受等形式出现 在听力材料中，如我们常常会听到材料里面出现房号 Room 521，电话号码 8740315，或者是地址 The Oriental Hotel 等等。 因此同学们要对这类信息特别留意，并及时做好记录。,例 1：,With photographers never far away, the young president strolls through construction camps, dines in a mess hall with the men and shares milk with John Stevens.,Question: Where did the president have meal during his visit?,Key: In a mess hall.(此处要捕捉的信息是总统就餐的地方),例 2：,Vanessa: Oh absolutely! I mean, that was in 1997 , and I,remember I was in the middle of making an album.,Question: What is the last time when Vanessa performed in,Hong Kong?,Key: In 1997.(此处要捕捉的信息是时间),在记录时，要巧用符号，快速记录。在平时的训练中，我们 可以用某些特定的符号来快速记录。如在记录国家名字时，我们 可以用前两三个字母来表示：ChinaCh; JapanJap；其他较长的 单词如：organizationorg;activityact; phenomenonphe 等等。 6完成提问的部分后根据计算机的回答及时动手做好笔 记，计算机给出的回答有可能对下一部分的问题起到提示作用。,如何写出优美的英语文章(一),写作中能恰当地运用英语的各种句型并且避免出现错误对 英语写作来说是很重要的。一般而言，作者应当在写作过程中 考虑到读者的需要，既要能够讲清概念又要能够吸引读者的注 意力，而做到这一点，就要求文章既简洁明快又富于变化。那 么，我们英语写作时如何才能达到上述要求呢？,以下通过实例来分析各种方法的运用。 1修饰语的运用,修饰语既可以介词短语的形式出现，也可以分词形式出现。如：,Behind the old refrigerator, I found my favourite hair pin I,lost two months ago.,Angered by his poor grades, Charles threw his English book,out of the window.,上述句子，若仅采用短句形式，很难吸引读者。如： I found my favourite hair pin.I lost two months ago.It was,behind the old refrigera