大学核心英语教程.ppt

I. Brief Introduction,III. Unit One : Reading Skill,II. Some Information About the Course,VI. Unit One : Passage A and Passage B,2) Improve your English to pass the CET-Band 4 and 6.,1. Name: Zhang Jinxin,2. Welcome and Congratulations,3. Brief-self Introduction:,Email : Z,4. Hope:,1) Good cooperation,1. Arrangement for English Classes 2. Teaching Objectives 3. Teaching Materials 4. Requirements,According to the College English Syllabus(大学英语教学大纲), the goal of college English teaching is to develop the students capacity of reading comprehension and to improve their ability to listen, speak, write and translate so as to enable them to communicate in English. The College English course should help students lay a solid language foundation, have a good command of learning strategies and enhance their cultural quality in order to meet the needs of the social development and economical construction of China.,大学英语教学的目的是:培养学生具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、写、译能力,使他们能用英语交流信息。大学英语教学应帮助学生打下扎实的语言基础,掌握良好的学习方法,提高文化素养,以适应社会发展和经济建设的需要.,1. English classes are divided into:,1) Intensive Reading 2 hrs every week 28hrs/ 14 wks,2) Extensive Reading 2 hrs every other week 14hrs/ 14 wks,) Focus Listening 2 hrs every other week 14hrs/ 14 wks,1) To improve students reading*, listening, speaking, writing and translating skills to meet the needs of the future work and the CET-4* and CET-6.,2) To widen students vocabulary ( 4275 words/ 738 phrases),3) To increase students knowledge of the target language culture*.,2. Teaching Objectives/Aims:,4) To train students to listen, think, read, speak, write, and act in and out of class.,Notes:,1*. Reading Skills,1) Understanding the topic and main idea 理解主题和中心思想 2) Recognizing primary supporting details 辨认主题展开的重要细节 3) Distinguishing between facts and opinions 区分事实和看法 4) Making inferences 进行推论 5) Drawing conclusions 作结论 6) Skimming to get the gist of a reading material 略读以获取阅读材料大意,7) Scanning to find a particular piece of information 快速查找特定信息 8) Guessing the meaning of unknown words 猜测生词义 9) Guessing the meaning of unknown phrases through contextual clues 利用上下文猜测短语含义 10) Understanding the relationships within sentences 理解句内关系 11) Using reference skills 利用参阅技能,2. *CET-4= College English Test Band 4,Part I Listening: 20 items 20 points , 20 minutes,Section A 10 dialogues,Section B 3 passages,or 1 passage (Compound Dictation ),Part II Reading: 20 items, 40 points , 35 minutes,4 passages,Part III Vocabulary and Structure: 30 items, 15 points , 20 minutes,Part IV Cloze/ Short Question Answers/ Translation 10 points, 15 minutes,Part V Writing: 15 points , 30 minutes,No pains, no gains.,No hard work, no CET Certificate (证书);,No Diploma (文凭), no job.,3*. The Target Language Culture,Examples:,1) - Your speech was excellent.,A. - Just so so, not so bad. B. - Thank you, I did my best.,A. Chinese,B. American,2) - Your husband is a sweet man.,A. - Thank you. Im proud of him. B. - Not at all. You dont know what he really is when he is at home.,B. Chinese,A. American,1) College Core English Book I (大学核心英语教程)and the courseware(课件) of College Core English,2) Fast Reading (快速阅读)Book I,3) College English Extensive Reading (大学英语泛读教材) Book I,3. Teaching Materials for Extensive Reading:,4) Other self-study reading materials: such as selected story books(精选故事), reading comprehension books(阅读理解), 21 century(21世纪报), English Language Learning (英语学习)and the World of English(英语世界) etc.,) Dictionaries for reference :,a. Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary 牛津高阶英汉双解词典,b. Pocket Oxford Dictionary 牛津袖珍英语词典,c. 大学英语词汇记忆点津与考点要览 16 级 马德高 编著,) Why do we choose so many books and spend so much class time for reading comprehension?,Because every one of us knows that reading plays a very important role in language learning. For one thing, our College English syllabus put “developing the students capability of reading comprehension ”in the first position. For the other, most of important science papers and works are published (出版) in English or translated into English, so most science and engineering students (理工科学生) have to read English books in their major(专业) after graduation. Whats more, reading comprehension is the most important part in CET-4 and CET-6, and it usually takes up 50% in the exams.,1) Get the teaching materials previewed before class.,2) Come to class on time.,3) The student on duty should call the roll (点名)in class and write down the absentee(缺席者), because attendance will take up 30% of your final scores.,4. Requirements,4) Participate (参与) the class activities actively.,5) Take notes if necessary, and review what you have learnt after each lecture.,6) Finish the assignment(作业) on time if there is any.,7) Try to memorize the new words and phrases required by the syllabus.,10) Questions and suggestions are always welcome!,8) Find a partner or organize a group to do pair work or group work.,9) Explore the radio-waves, campus radio programs, English movies, English corners and English lectures (讲座).,Some people look up every word in the dictionary while reading, so they read very slowly. While some read very quickly without fully understanding the material. Then how to measure(测量) our reading ability? What is the criteria of reading ability?,Generally speaking, a good reading includes both comprehension and speed.,After reading a passage or an article, you should be able to understand:,1. The main idea of the passage (短文大意),2. The important details supporting the main idea (支持大意的重要细节),3. The writers attitude (作者的态度),English paragraphs are usually organized in this way:,Topic sentence (主题句),supporting sentences (支持句),Computers are playing a more and more important role in all walks of life(各行各业). They are widely used in the field of business, industry and transportation. They are also used in military affairs and space travel. Besides, they work wonders (奇迹) in science and technology. Furthermore, they come into offices and bring about a great revolution in office work.,Next, lets look at an example.,Computers are playing a more and more important role in all walks of life.,supporting sentences,“ more and more important”, “widely used”, “wonders”,From the phrases of the passage, we can see the authors attitude is: Computers are widely used in all walks of life.,“ a great revolution”,Our reading ability is measured(衡量) by how fast you can read at a certain amount of time(一定量的时间内). The usual unit for reading speed is W.P.M ( words per minute )(词/分钟) The College English Syllabus (大学英语教学大纲) specifies (规定) the reading speed of each band /level (级) from Band 1 to Band 6 , shown as follows :,2. What is reading speed ?,Band/Level,Regular Reading Speed (正常)(w.p.m),Fast Reading Speed (快速)(w.p.m),1 2 3 4 5 6,60 80,65 90,70 100,70 100,70 120,70 120,Only when we combine (结合) comprehension and speed, can we have a good command of reading ability.,As its known to all that extensive reading is the most important form of reading. Through a lot of reading, we can widen our vocabulary, broaden our knowledge and develop our reading ability as well.,College Core English Reading and Writing is a very good textbook. First of all, it covers various topics, such as science, politics, economy, industry, agriculture, sports, medicine, education, transportation, social problems, and foreign culture and customs. Second, the passages are similar(相似的)to the passage in the CET-4, so it is a good preparation for the exam.,Third, there are a lot of helpful exercises after each unit, which are originally (原先) designed for intensive reading and writing, so you can do the exercises after class. Fourth, there is a courseware attached to the textbook, you may make use of it to consolidate(巩固) what you have learned in class.Thats why we have chosen it as our extensive reading book.,Teaching Procedures for the Passages:,I. Warm up activities II. Background and Cross-cultural Knowledge III. Practice Reading Skills IV. Detailed Study of the Passage V. The Discourse Structure VI. Assignments,Yes, in some movies, such as Noon ( 正午)and Shanghai Noon (龙旋风),1) Have you ever seen ranches and cowboys before?,2) Where can you find cowboys?,In the West of the United States.,3) What sort of lives do they lead?,They lead a hard, happy, colorful and romantic adventurous life.,1. Ranch,Look, what is this?,It is a ranch. (牧场),Especially in the US or Canada, cattle (牛群) are bred (饲养)in ranches.,Where are ranches located (位于)?,Most ranches are located in flat open country where there is plenty of grass.,What is this ? Is it a bull?,No, its a cow.,What are they?,They are a herd of cattle (一群牛).,2. Cowboys,-Do you know anything about cowboys?,Cowboys are one of the most colorful people in American history. They often appear as heroes in stories and movies. Their lives are thought of as romantic (浪漫的)and adventurous (冒险的). People think of cowboys as free people, unafraid of battle with wild animals. In fact, there were once no cows and no cowboys in the United States. The first cows in America were brought from Spain. The first cowboys were Indian slaves and they were brought from Mexico to Texas, California and New Mexico to look after herds of cattle. Now cowboy is the popular name for men who herd cattle, usually on western ranches in the United States.,-Do you know what does a cowboy look like?,Ok, Id like to show you a picture. Look! We can see that a cowboy usually wears a wide-brimmed hat (宽檐帽) (a big sombrero), chaps (皮护腿套裤), and a pair of highheeled boots (高统靴). He seems to be very strong and brave.,3. The Wild West (西部荒原),When people talk about cowboys, they are sure to mention:,“ the American West ”(美国西部) or “ the Wild West ” (西部荒野) or simply “ the West ”(西部).,What is the Wild West ?,The Wild West means the formerly scarcely inhabited(以前人口稀少的) western part of the United States, which covers such states as:,1) Now listen to the passage carefully, and try to find the main idea of the passage.,Para 1 To many people ranch life means the Wild West. Many children dream of becoming cowboys or cowgirls and leading romantic adventurous lives. But ranch life is in fact a hard business, demanding strength and a great deal of work.,Para 2 Most ranches are located in(位于) flat open country where there is plenty of grass for the cattle to feed on. Ranchers raise cattle for the meat that people eat. Since meat is a favorite food of people everywhere, ranching is a very important job. Ranching is one of the oldest and biggest industries in the world.,Para 3 Like all other kinds of farming, ranching is a difficult job. Dry weather or rainstorms can destroy the food needed for the cattle, or the cattle themselves may become sick and die. The rancher must always be on guard against(防备) the dangers that nature can create.,Para 4 A long, long time ago, at the very beginning of civilized(文明的) life, people began to keep cattle. These people were wanderers, driving their herd from place to place, looking for fresh grass and water. Later, men began to settle in the places where the food and water were plentiful. They built houses for themselves and shelters and yards for their animals. These were the first ranches.,Para 5 Ranch life has always centered around the cowboy. One of the most colorful people in the history of the American West. Stories about cowboys are very popular in America and all over the world. People think of cowboys as free people, unafraid to battle with wild animals, living close to nature, with the trees and the sky and the stars. Today there are far fewer cowboys, and they no longer live as they did. But their hold(影响) on the imagination is still strong. The old-time cowboy is the hero of many books, films and songs. He is a national hero and a treasured(宝贵的) part of the national past.,Para 6 The American cowboy first appeared in Texas around 1836. Soon ranches spread and cowboys were working in almost every part of the West.,Para 7 Cowboys lives centered around the roundup and the cattle drive. Every winter and summer the cattle fed at the ranch. In the spring and autumn the cowboys rounded up the cattle, and separated the beef cattle from the rest of the herd, and drove them over many miles of open country to the nearest railroad station. From there the cattle were sent to slaughterhouses. In the 19th century, railroads were few and far between.,Driving the cattle was a long hard job. There was danger from cattle thieves. The cowboy rose at sun-up to start the cattle moving. They drove them all day through the heat or dust or wind. The men were often on horseback 15 hours a day. Cowboys had to be skillful and strong. They had to be skilled horsemen and good gunmen. Their clothing was made for protection. The wide brimmed hat was worn to protect them from the sun, dust and the rain. The gun protected them against cattle thieves.,Para 8 Now much of the adventure has gone out of the cowboys life. He no longer has to struggle with thieves. Most ranches are quite close to railroad stations, so the long cattle drive is a thing of the past. Modern inventions have taken over many of the cowboys old jobs. The modern cowboy must often be a technician(技工) himself in order to use the new devices(机具) for the care of cattle and for the running of the ranch.,2) Try to find the main idea of the passage,3) Do True/False questions in class: The cowboys life in the past was different from what the Americans have thought it to be like. Say True if it is a fact, and say False if it is imagination.,1) The cowboys life was romantic.,2) The cowboys job was heavy.,3) Ranch life was hard.,4) Cowboys neednt to be good at shooting.,(),(),(),(),4) Do Ex 3 on page 6 quickly and then report your answers in class.,4) Do Ex 3 on page 6 quickly and then report your answers in class.,1. The writer thinks that ranch life is in fact _.,a) easy b) romantic c) adventurous d) hard,d,2. Cowboys today _.,a) live as they did before b) live a modern life c) are often on horseback 15 hours a day d) usually live far away from railroad stations,b,3. In the past cowboys had to be good gunmen because _.,a) they also hunted while driving their cattle b) they used guns to round up their cattle c) they had to battle with those who stole their cattle d) they often struggled with other cowboys for good places,c,4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?,a) Most of the modern ranches are far away from the railroad stations. b) Slaughterhouses are usually located near the ranches. c) In the past the roundup and the cattle drive were the most important activities of the cowboys. d) cowboys today still have to fight against cattle thieves.,c,5. The passage is mainly about _ .,a) cowboys and their life b) cowboys in modern times c) the building of the first ranches d) the dangers nature can create for cowboys,a,5) Short question answers: Discuss in pairs first, then compare the answers with the answers on the screen.,Question 1 Why do many children dream of becoming cowboys or cowgirls ?,Because they think cowboys or cowgirls lead romantic adventurous lives.,Question 2 Why is ranching important ?,Because ranchers raise cattle for the meat that people eat.,Beef,Question 3 Why are most ranches located in flat open country ?,Because there is plenty of grass for the cattle to feed on there.,Question 4 What problems may ranchers face ?,Ranchers may face problems from dry weather, rainstorms or even sickness and death of their cattle. Ranchers must always be on guard against (防备)dangers that nature can create.,Question 5 Where and when did the American cowboys first appear ?,Question 6 Why is cowboy regarded as a national hero?,Because they think he is brave and strong, unafraid to struggle with wild animals and cattle thieves.,Question 7 What did cowboys lives center around ?,Cowboys lives centered around the round-up and the cattle drive.,Question 8 What kind of person can be a cowboy?,He must be a skilled horseman and good gunman(能骑善射).,Question 9 Why did the cowboys wear wide-brimmed hats?,Because they had to protect themselves from the sun , the dust and the rain.,Question 10 Whats the difference between cowboys past life and modern life ?,Life in the past,Modern life,1. Cattle-driving was _.,a long hard job,2. There was danger _.,from cattle thieves,3. Cowboys had to be _.,skillful and strong,1. Cowboys do not have to drive the cattle a long way.,2. Cowboys no longer have to struggle with thieves.,3. Cowboys must often be technicians themselves.,1) Explain or paraphrase some difficult or important sentences and phrases.,(1) L10 be on guard againstbe ready to deal with a possible sudden trick or attack 提防;警惕,e.g. We must be on guard against rainstorm.,Be on guard against such dangers.,(2) L17 center around-to have as a center 围绕;以为中心,e.g. His interests centers around/ are centered around sports.,Our conversation centered around his invention.,(3) L20 think of as-to consider as, to regardas 把视作,e.g. We think of him as one of the best students in the class.,He thinks of Changsha as his second native city.,(4) L22 hold- influence 影响,e.g. He has a great hold over his younger brother.,Liu Dehua has a tremendous hold on his fans.,(5) L29 separate from - to set or place (something or someone) apart from (someone or something else) 把与分隔开,e.g. Separate the good ones from the bad ones.,This patient should be separated from the others.,(6) L36 protect from- to shelter ; defend (someone or something) from (something or doing something bad) 使免遭,e.g. He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.,This medicine will protect you against a return of the illness.,1. Many children dreamed of becoming cowboys or cowgirls and leading romantic adventurous lives. (L12),不少儿童憧憬着当牛仔，过冒险而又浪漫的生活。,2) Translate so