高考英语一轮复习第一部分基础考点聚焦Unit1Laughterisgoodforyou知能演练轻松闯关牛津译林版选修6.docx

Unit 1 Laughter is good for youA卷 单项填空1(2018南京学情调研)Your _ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.AoperationBgrowthCperformance DcharacterC解析：句意：如果你能养成一种经常思考如何学习的习惯， 那么作为一个学生， 你的表现一定会很棒的。 performance“表现”； operation“操作， 手术”； growth“增长”； character “人物， 角色” 。 2We all agree that even it is _ possible, human cloning should not be allowed in the world for it challenges our value system.Aconstantly BpreviouslyCtechnically DessentiallyC解析：句意：我们大家一致认为， 即便技术上可行， 克隆人在世界上也不应该被允许， 因为它挑战了我们的价值体系。 technically “技术上”， 符合句意。 constantly “持续不断地”； previously“以前， 先前”； essentially “本质上， 从根本上” 。3We dont mean he is not fair, but we do feel that its difficult for him to remain _ where his son is concerned.Apositive BsensitiveCobjective DeffectiveC解析：句意：我们不是说他不公正， 但是我们确实觉得让他在牵涉到他儿子的事情上保持客观是很难的。 objective表示“客观的”， 符合句意。 4_ this job, he will have to be faced with the challenging situation he has never experienced before.ANo matter who will take onBWho takes onCWhoever will take onDWhoever takes onD解析：句意：无论是谁承担这份工作， 他都会面临从未经历过的挑战。Whoever/No matter who引导让步状语从句， 句中谓语动词用一般时表将来时。 B项含有疑问意味， 与句意不符合。 5(2018泰州二中检测)Will you be able to finish the report before Friday?I cant _ anything, but Ill try my best.Aguarantee BtransformCprepare DsayA解析：答句句意：我不能做出任何保证， 但我会尽力的。 guarantee“保证， 担保” 。 6They said economic growth is the basis for _defense capability, which is in turn an important indicator of overall national strength.Aadding BdecreasingClessening DstrengtheningD解析：句意：他们说经济增长是加强国防能力的基础， 而这反过来又是综合国力的重要标志。 strengthen“加强； 增强” 。 7(2018南京、盐城模拟)Do you know the story of the cowherd and the weaving maiden?Of course. Their love story was_ as an example for hundreds of years in China.Ataken up Bkept upCpicked up Dheld upD解析：句意：你知道牛郎和织女的故事吗？当然。 在中国上百年来， 他们的爱情一直作为典范而传颂着。 hold up as an example “奉为楷模”； take up “占用”； keep up “保持”； pick up “捡起”。 故选D。 8If you have a good understanding of English and want to _ and sharpen your language skills, studying idioms can be a good way to do so.Amake up Bpolish upCbuild up Dtake upB解析：polish up在此处表示“提高， 改善”。 make up“组成； 编造； 弥补”； build up“树立， 建立； 增进， 加强”； take up“占据； 拿起” 。 9A person with a happy, easygoing _ is more likely to succeed in the future.Anature BappearanceCbehavior DtalentA解析：句意：一个有着快乐、随和天性的人在未来更可能成功。 nature“本性， 天性”， 符合句意。 appearance“外表”； behavior“举止”； talent“才能”。 10(2018南通高三调研)I tried to work on，but I got so tired that I could no longer _Akeep out Bhold outCcome up Dcome downB解析：句意：我试图继续工作，可是我太累了，不能再坚持了。keep out“阻止进入”；hold out “坚持；维持”；come up“走进；发生；开始；上升”；come down “下来；降落”。11The airport to be completed next year _promote tourism in this area.Ais helping Bwill helpChelped Dhas helpedB解析：此处to be completed next year是一个非谓语动词短语作the airport的后置定语； 根据标志词next year及句意“明年将竣工的机场” 可知谓语动词表示将来动作， 故选B。 12Tony said he had run out of his money and asked for 1, 000 dollars on the phone.Do tell him to be economical. After all, _Ariches have wings Bmoney doesnt grow on treesCno pains, no gainsDpenny wise, pound foolishB解析：句意：Tony 在电话里说他已经把钱花完了， 要1 000美元。 务必告诉他要节俭。 毕竟， 钱不是树上长出来的。 riches have wings“金钱有翅， 财富易失”， no pains, no gains “不劳则无获”， penny wise, pound foolish“小事聪明， 大事糊涂”， 均不符合语境。 13The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.Awhy; why Bwhy; becauseCwhy; that Dthat; becauseC解析：The reason why.is that.“的原因是” 。 14The speaker had to get his voice_ so as to make himself_Arisen; hearing Braised; hearingCraised; heard Darisen; heardC解析：因为rise, arise是不及物动词， 不能使用被动结构， 所以第一空用raised, 构成get sth. done结构； 第二空考查make oneself done的用法， 所以用heard。 15(2018泰州模拟)The wedding dress of the Princess is noble and elegant. _ is the beauty of this style that it will be popular with young women.ASuch BItCWhat DThatA解析：句意：公主的婚纱很高贵、很优雅。 这种风格是这么地美以至于它会很快受到年轻女士的欢迎。 这里用such.that.结构， such代指这种情况，修饰名词， so后面要接形容词或副词， such放在句首， 后面用倒装句， 故选A。 阅读理解A new research brings some good news for lovers of spicy(辛辣的) foods, after finding that eating hot red chili peppers might help to extend lifespan(寿命)Consuming hot red chili peppers might reduce death risk, say Chopan and Littenberg from the research team. In hot peppers，such as Mexico peppers, the strong flavor comes from a compound(化合物)，which does not exist in sweet peppers or onions. Studies have suggested that this compound can offer wealth of health benefits.A study of more than 16，000 people in the United States showed that individuals who consumed red chili peppers had a lower risk of death from all causes over an average of 18 years than those who did not eat the spicy food. Compared with participants who did not consume hot red chili peppers, those who did were found to be at a 13 percent reduced risk of allcause death.For example, a recent study reported by Medical News Today, found that the compound might have the potential to stop breast cancer, while an earlier study linked the compound to a reduced risk of digest system cancers. Still, the available data suggested that hot red chili pepper consumption was most strongly associated with a reduced risk of death from heart disease.While the researchers are unable to identify the specific compound by which red chili peppers might extend lifespan, the team says that it is likely due to the compound that is effectively against obesity(肥胖症)Overall, the team says that these latest findings support those of the 2015 study, linking spicy foods intake to reduced risk of death by showing “a significant decrease in death associated with hot red chili pepper consumption”. However, Chopan and Littenberg note that the earlier study was only conducted in Chinese adults, so the new research makes these findings more credible【解题导语】一项新的研究发现，食用红辣椒之类的辛辣食物可能会降低死亡风险，延长人类的寿命。1What can be inferred from the passage?AThe study only goes for American people.BRed chili peppers can cure allcause diseases.CThe compound protects people against obesity.DOnion consuming can reduce death risk.C解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，尽管研究人员还不清楚到底是哪种具体的化合物能够延长寿命，但是研究团队认为可能是一种对防治肥胖症有效的化合物。由此可以推断，这种物质能够控制肥胖。故选C项。2What is the finding of the new research mainly about?AHot red chili pepper lovers develop no cancers.BHot red chili peppers help control breast illness.CHot red chili peppers decrease heart disease.DHot red chili pepper intake may increase lifespan.D解析：推理判断题。文章在第一段就提出了研究发现食用辛辣食物如红辣椒能延长寿命，在下文中用具体的数据和例子来支持这一观点。由此可知，这个新发现主要是关于红辣椒的食用可能会延长寿命。故选D项。3Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “credible”？AConvincing. BPractical.CEncouraging. DAttractive.A解析：词义猜测题。文章第二段和第三段的数据和事例是在美国进行的研究，画线词所在句则提到，以前的研究只是在中国成年人中进行的，那么现在的研究结果使得这项新发现更加令人信服了。convincing意为“使人信服的”；practical意为“切实可行的”；encouraging意为“令人鼓舞的”；attractive意为“有吸引力的”。故选A项。 任务型阅读(2018宿豫中学高三测试)Naturally Regulate Your Sleepwake CycleMelatonin(褪黑激素) is a naturally occurring hormone(激素)that helps regulate your sleepwake cycle. Melatonin production is controlled by light exposure. Your brain should produce more in the evening, when its dark, to make you sleepy, and less during the day when its light and you want to stay awake. However, many aspects of modern life can disturb your bodys natural production of melatonin and your sleepwake cycle.Spending long days in an office away from natural light, for example, can impact your daytime wakefulness and make your brain sleepy. Then bright lights at nightespecially from hours spent in front of the TV or computer screencan hold back your bodys production of melatonin and make it harder to sleep. However, there are ways for you to naturally regulate your sleepwake cycle, improve your bodys production of melatonin, and keep your brain on a healthy schedule.Increase light exposure during the dayRemove your sunglasses in the morning and let light onto your face.Spend more time outside during daylight. Try to take your work breaks outside in sunlight, exercise outside, or walk your dog during the day instead of at night.Let as much light into your home/workspace as possible. Keep curtains and blinds open during the day, move your desk closer to the window.If necessary, use a light treatment box. A light treatment box can create sunshine and can be especially useful during short winter days when theres limited daylight.Improve melatonin production at nightTurn off your television and computer. Many people use the television to fall asleep or relax at the end of the day. Not only does the light hold back melatonin production, but television can actually excite the mind, rather than relaxing it. Try listening to music or audio books, or practicing relaxation exercises. If your favorite TV show is on late at night, record it for viewing earlier in the day.Dont read from a backlit device at night (such as an iPad). If you use a portable electronic device to read, use an eReader that is not backlit, i. e. one that requires an additional light source such as a bedside lamp.Change your light bulbs. Avoid bright lights before bed, use lowwattage bulbs instead.When its time to sleep, make sure the room is dark. The darker it is, the better youll sleep. Cover electrical displays, use heavy curtains or shades to block light from windows, or try an eye mask to cover your eyes.Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night. As long as its safe to do so, keep the light to a minimum so it will be easier to go back to sleep.TitleNaturally Regulate Your Sleepwake CyclePassage outlineSupporting detailsDeciding factorMelatonin, a hormone that 1._ naturally, helps regulate your sleepwake cycle. 2._ melatonin in the evening makes you sleepy, while less melatonin during the day makes you 3._.Disturbing4_Long days in an office away from 5._ light.Long hours in front of the TV or computer screen.6._to increasing light exposure7._ off your sunglasses in the morning.Spend more time outside during daylight.Keep curtains open and sit close to the window.Use a light treatment box especially in 8. _.Methods ofimprovingmelatoninproductionListen to music 9._of watching TV.Avoid 10._from a backlit device.Use lowwattage bulbs.Use heavy curtains to make the room dark.Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom.答案：1.occurs 2.More 3.awake 4.aspects5.natural 6.Approaches/Solutions 7.Take 8.winter 9instead 10.readingB卷 完形填空Every morning, on my way to work, I see homeless people sleeping on sidewalks. Clearly, theyre in need of _1_. I feel it a(n)_2_to see this, and most people walk by，_3_the homeless dont exist, and dont offer any help at all, not even a _4_. Recently, its been extremely cold, making things especially_5_for the homeless.Usually I arrive at work around 8 am., when the homeless are still asleep. Im not sure whether its a good_6_to leave something for them while theyre _7_， as it may get stolen or they may not even _8_it.Today, I _9_someone, who seemed to be homeless, sitting on the sidewalk, awake. I had some time _10_I was due to start work, so I dashed across the street to ask if I could get anything for him to drink or eat. He wanted a cola, so I went and got this for him _11_a banana.I gave him the drink and banana, then went back to my office across the street, and went upstairs to get the bag I recently _12_with everyday items. Id been planning to give it to someone in need, so this was a great_13_. I hurried back to give the bag to the stranger, who was _14_Society may feel uncomfortable with homeless people. _15_， we must remember theyre just like us. Theyre just down on their _16_for different reasons. If we _17_to those in need, our hearts will grow and we can _18_make our world better.Singer Phil Collins sang a song titled Another Day in Paradise, which _19_us to be grateful for the many blessings we have and not to _20_those who are less fortunate.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者帮助无家可归的人的故事。1A.balance BsignificanceCperformance DassistanceD解析：根据下文的“dont offer any help at all”可知，这些无家可归的人需要帮助。assistance意为“帮助”。故选D。2A.duty BregretCadvance DequalityB解析：根据下文作者帮助无家可归的人可推知，作者同情这些无家可归的人，看到他们睡在大街上感到很是遗憾。故选B。3A.imagining BexpectingCpretending DannouncingC解析：根据“and dont offer any help at all”并结合上文的“I feel it a(n)_to see this”可推知，大部分的路人对无家可归的人漠不关心，视而不见，即假装(pretending)没看到。4A.word BhugCpity DgiftA解析：根据“even”可推知，大部分人不仅不提供帮助，甚至连一句问候都没有。5A.absurd BboringCcomplex DtoughD解析：根据空前的“its been extremely cold”并结合语境可推知，天气特别寒冷，无家可归的人的日子更加艰难(tough)。6A.idea BexcuseClesson DreasonA解析：结合语境可知，作者不确定自己的那种做法是否是好主意(idea)。7A.relaxed BabsentmindedCunaware DdizzyC解析：承接上文的“Usually I arrive at work around 8 am., when the homeless are still asleep.”可推知，无家可归的人在作者早上开始上班时还都在睡觉，是不会觉察到的(unaware)。8A.know BwantCshare DaffordB解析：根据“even”的提示并结合上文作者的犹豫可推知，作者不确定自己对他们的帮助是否正是无家可归的人所需要的。9A.spotted BapproachedCrecognized DinterviewedA解析：根据语境可推知，作者在人行道上发现了一个醒着的无家可归的人。spot表示“发现”，符合语境。10A.when BsinceCbefore DunlessC解析：根据语境可知，作者离上班还有些时间，所以选C。11A.instead of Bexcept forCregardless of Dalong withD解析：根据语境以及下文的“I gave him the drink and banana”可推知，作者顺便还给这个人带了香蕉。along with表示“除以外(还)”。12A.replaced BpackedCdecorated DcombinedB解析：根据空后的“with everyday items”可知，作者包里装着每天的必需品。pack with sth.表示“装着某物”。13A.trial BhonorCopportunity DrewardC解析：根据语境可知，作者认为这是一个极好的帮助无家可归的人的机会。14A.grateful BcarefulChopeful DskillfulA解析：根据语境可推知，把自己的东西馈赠给他人，别人是感恩的(grateful)。15A.Besides BThereforeCMeanwhile DHoweverD解析：根据语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。16A.effort BluckCappearance DreputationB解析：根据语境可推知，那些无家可归的人只是由于某种原因一时穷困潦倒而已，down on ones luck表示“穷困潦倒”。17A.look out Bbreak outCreach out Dturn outC解析：根据语境可知，如果我们愿意帮助他们，世界会变得更美好。reach out to sb.表示“愿意为某人提供帮助”。18A.truly BproperlyCdeliberately DapproximatelyA解析：根据语境可知，帮助他人的确会让我们的世界变得更美好。truly“的确，真实地”；properly“恰当地”；deliberately “故意地”；approximately “大约”。19A.intends BremindsCpromises DpersuadesB解析：Phil Collins的歌提醒我们要感恩。remind sb. to do sth.意为“提醒某人做某事”符合语境。20A.trick BblameCdoubt DforgetD解析：根据语境可推知，人们不要忘记那些不幸的人。 阅读理解AIf you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father who was the main source of support for the family. Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother. For the sake of taking care of him, his younger brother became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes, he was completely unable to do anything in his life.As the two brothers grew up together, they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to leave, living his own life, as many normal people do. So he was heartbroken and didnt know what to do.A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night, her mother who suffered from chronic mental illness disappeared. Her father went out to look for her mother, leaving her alone at home. She tried to prepare meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove, resulting in a fire which took her hands away.Though her elder sister who was studying in another city showed her willingness to take care of her, she was determined to be completely independent. At school, she always studied hard. Most of all she learned to be selfreliant.One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own, whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My younger brothers arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。1What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the authors opinion?ATrying to find an escape from it.BFacing it bravely with a positive mind.CAsking for help from your relatives.DIgnoring it and living a normal life.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。2After the accident, the boy_Adecided to live with his brotherBlearnt to do things with his toesCmade a living all by himselfDdepended wholly on his brotherD解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。3Which of the following is TRUE of the girl?AShe lost her mother in an accident.BHer sister took good care of her.CShe was optimistic and full of courage.DShe led a poor life with her father.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故C项正确。4What did the girl mean by “Broken wings, flying heart.”？ANever give up hopes in face of hardship.BIts not easy for her to live a normal life.CIf a bird loses its wings, it can not fly.DIf you lose your hands, your life will be hard.A解析：句意理解题。“Broken wings, flying heart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双翼，心仍飞翔。”；结合最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望”，故