2016-2017学年高中英语Unit4Earthquakes单元综合测评.docx

单元综合测评(四).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AEvery year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world.In September, 1923，Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it.They had to be completely rebuilt.One of the most serious earthquakes was in Chinas Shaanxi Province in 1556.It killed almost one million people.We measure an earthquakes strength on the Richter Scale.The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA.It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten.Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.The Earths crust(地壳) is made up of rock called plates.As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake.In cities such as Tokyo，where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the plate moves, they move with it.Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes.This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis.These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea.They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities.China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence (发生)of earthquakes in the world.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是关于大自然中的一种常见的灾难地震的具体信息等。1The passage is mainly about Ascientists who study earthquakesBthe way of measuring earthquakesCa usual natural disasterearthquakesDwhat people should do in the earthquake【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知本文主要讲述了大自然中的一种很常见的灾难地震的具体信息。故C项正确。【答案】C2Which of the following statements is NOT true?AThe earthquake in Shaanxi Province happened in 1556.BThe earthquake in Shaanxi Province killed almost one million people.CThe earthquake in Shaanxi Province caused a lot of damage.DThe earthquake in Shaanxi Province was the only earthquake in China.【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句One of the most serious earthquakes was in Chinas Shaanxi Province in 1556.It killed almost one million people.”可知A、B、C三项都是正确的，只有D项描述错误。故选D项。【答案】D3According to the passage we know that tsunamis Acan cause earthquakesBare caused by earthquakesConly happen on landDare a way of measuring earthquakes【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea.”说明海啸是由海底的地震所导致的，故B项正确。【答案】BBEverybody hates rats.But in the earthquake capitals of the worldJapan，Los Angeles，Turkeyrats will soon be mans new best friends.What happens after an earthquake？We send in rescue dogs.Why？Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.They help rescuers to find living people.But dogs are big and they cant get into small spaces.So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives：the rat.How does it work？First，the rat is trained to smell people.When this happens, the rats brain gives a signal (信号)This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.When the rats brain activity jumps，the rescuers know that someone is alive.The rat has smelled that person.Although there are already robots which can do this job，rats are better.Christian Linster at Cornell University，New York, says，“Robots noses dont work well when there are other smells around.Rats are good at that.”Rats can also see in the dark.They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they dont need electricity!The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says，“It would be fantastic.A rat could get into spaces we couldnt get to，and a rat would get out if it wasnt safe.”Perhaps for the first time in history，people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake，of course.)【语篇解读】人人痛恨的老鼠不久将在地震后的救援中成为人们的好朋友。4In the world earthquake capitals，rats will become mans best friends because they can Atake the place of mans rescue jobsBfind the position of people alive who are trapped in buildingsCserve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildingsDget into small spaces【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，人们利用老鼠来搜寻地震中的被困人员，因此答案为B项。【答案】B5From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person who is alive by Athe noise made by the ratBthe rats unusual behaviourCthe signal sent by the radio on the rats backDthe smell given off by the person【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When this happens，the rats brain gives a signal(信号)This is sent to a small radio on its back，and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.”可知答案为C项。【答案】C6In doing rescue jobs， Arats smell better than dogsBdogs dont need to be trained to smell peopleCrobots sense of smell can be affected by other smells aroundDrats can see in the dark and are smaller than robots【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Robots noses dont work well when there are other smells around.Rats are good at that”可知，机器人的嗅觉会受到周围其他气味的影响。【答案】C7Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that Athey are more fantastic than other animalsBthey are less expensive to train than dogsCthey dont need electricityDthey are small and can get into small places【解析】细节理解题。文章第一句提到“Everybody hates rats.”，由此可知，人们并不喜欢老鼠。【答案】ACThe Gen90s are coming!Wearing earphones，using complicated Net language and constantly textmessaging friends，the Gen90s following the Gen80s begin to make their world debut(亮相)Each generation or age group has their own symbols and lifestyles.Read on and judge yourselves if you fit the Gen90s profile.EarphonesThese little devices seem to grow on the heads of the Gen90s.They might lead to MP3，MP4 or MP101 players，giving these young people a pluggedin，cool and perhaps selfindulgent look.Of course，life is not always music to the ears.Martian LanguageThey have created their own codelike online language.Its a mixture of English，Japanese and Chinese that perhaps only Martians can understand.This is an imaginative generation，though they need to be careful to keep it out of their term papers.SelfportraitSaying “cheese” to their own digital cameras is common for this generation.A little bit of narcissism(自恋)never hurts anyone.It helps them reflect a little on their own lives.But be aware of the risks of posting private photos online.TextmessagingThey can type as fast as they can speak.This is a generation that respects efficiency.Nevertheless，oral communication is important and will never go out of style.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了90后独特的生活风尚，并且给出了切实的忠告。8Who are the intended readers of the passage?ATeens.BEducators.CSocialists.DParents.【解析】推理判断题。由第二段“Read on and judge yourselves if you fit the Gen90s profile.”中的you可知这篇文章是写给青少年的。【答案】A9According to the passage，if you belong to the Gen90s，you will Ajust appreciate yourself and ignore others strengthsBhave your own symbols and lifestyleChave the same symbols and lifestyle of the Gen80sDlike music and dance very much【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“Each generation or.has their own symbols and lifestyles.”可知B项正确。其他三项与文章内容不符。【答案】B10The main idea of the passage is about Athe Gen90s happy lifeBthe differences between the Gen80s and the Gen90sCthe Gen90s unique lifestyles and some practical warningsDthe similarities between the Gen80s and the Gen90s【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了90后独特的生活方式，并且给出了切实的忠告。【答案】C11According to this passage，which is FALSE?ANot all teens are cautious about posting photos.BThey can type as fast as they speak.CThe Gen90s have a preference for some music players，and even regard them as a necessary part of life.DThey dont use the cool and complex online language in formal writing.【解析】细节理解题。由第五段“.though they need to be careful to keep it out of their term papers.”可知，有些孩子把这种网络语言用在了考试中，故D项与文章内容不符。【答案】DDIt was 3：12 am.when nineyearold Glenn Kreamer awoke to the smell of burning.Except for the cracking of flames somewhere below there was not a sound in the twostory house at Baldwin，Long Island.With his father away on night duty at a local factory，Glenn was worried about the safety of his mother, his sister Karen, 14 and his 12yearold brother Todd.He ran downstairs through the smokefilled house to push and pull Karen and Todd until they sat up.Then he helped each one through the house to the safety of the garden.There, his sister and brother, taking short and quick breaths and coughing，collapsed on the lawn.The nineyearold boy raced back into the house and dashed upstairs to his mothers room.He found it impossible to wake her up.Mrs.Kreamer, a victim of the smoke，was unconscious, and there was nobody to help Glenn carry her to the garden.But the boy remained calm and，as a fireman said later，“acted with all the self control of a trained adult.”On the bedroom telephone，luckily still working，Glenn called his father and，leaving Mr.Kreamer to telephone the fire brigade and ambulane service，then got on with the task of saving his mother.First he filled a bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed.Then，with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden.He could hear the fire engine coming up，but how would the firemen find his mother in the smokefilled house where flames had almost swallowed up the ground floor?Grasping firmly a ball of string from the garage，Glenn raced back into the house and dashed upstairs to his mothers room.Tying one end of the string to her hand he ran back，laying out the string as he went，through the hall and back out into the garden.Minutes later he was telling fire chief John Coughlan，“The string will lead you to Mother.”Mrs.Kreamer was carried to safety as the flames were breaking through her bedroom floor.【语篇解读】本文讲述了少年在大火发生时，沉着冷静，救了自己的家人的故事。12Why did Glenn run downstairs first?AHe wanted to find out what was happening.BHe was worried about his mothers safety.CHe wanted to save his sister and brother.DHe went to see if his father had come back from work.【解析】根据第一段中的“He ran downstairs through the smokefilled house to push and pull Karen and Todd until they sat up.”可知，格伦跑到楼下是为了救他的哥哥和姐姐。【答案】C13How did Glenn help the firemen to find his mother?ABy throwing water all over her and her bed.BBy carrying her to safety with his brother.CBy pushing and pulling his mother.DBy tying a string to his mothers hand.【解析】根据文章倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段内容可知答案。【答案】D14What did Glenn do to protect himself in the fire?AHe put a wet cloth around his head.BHe threw water all over himself.CHe hid himself in the bathroom.DHe rushed out to the lawn.【解析】根据文章第四段中的“Then，with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden.”可知A项正确。【答案】A15Glenn saved his family because Ahis father had taught him to do so on the phoneBhe had learned something about first aidChe had dealt with the emergency calmly and wiselyDhe had followed his mothers instruction【解析】根据全文内容，尤其是第一段后半部分、第二段和最后两段可知，是格伦的沉着冷静而且机智的做法救了家人的性命。【答案】C.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2016西宁高一检测)Life in the late 21st century will be different from that nowadays, because many changes will take place then, but what will the changes be? 16 There will be more and more people in the world and most of them will live longer than today.Computers will be much smaller and more useful；and there will be at least one in every home. 17 People will work fewer hours than they are doing now.They will have more free time for sports, watching TV and travelling.Travelling will be much cheaper and easier. 18 19 More land will be used for building new towns and houses.Then there will be less room for cows and sheep，so meat will be more expensive.Maybe no one will eat it every day, instead they eat more vegetables and fruit.Maybe people will be healthier thanks to that.Work in the future will be different, too. 20 Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do.This will be a problem.AAnd computer study will be one of the important subjects at school.BThere will be changes in our food, too.CRobots are most useful in the future.DThe population is growing fast.EThe population is becoming smaller and smaller.FAnd many more people will go to other countries for holidays.GDangerous and hard work will be done by robots.【答案】1620DAFBG.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)I lay in the shade of the great tree in our yard.The smell of the roses carried me to a(n) 21 of my grandmother, who always smelled like roses.When I was young, she would tell me 22 of her adventures.Grandma was the first woman in her family to 23 Her father did not feel a woman should do that.However, she just went out and got a job as a happy bus driver.He was 24 but nothing much came between grandma and her father.She was a 25 She didnt care about the limitations (限制) of the 26 around her.During the war she moved to Long Beach and 27 in a shipbuilding factory.Grandma taught me many things about 28 She said that I should 29 ask anyone else to take care of me when I grew up.Never leave the house without a 30 to get back by myself.After my family moved to California, we would receive 31 from grandma.I would read her letters and admire (赞美) her 32 handwriting.Reading the letters，I would 33 her sitting in the yard and writing us while 34 her friends to arrive for coffee.Then close my eyes and 35 myself to be there next to her. 36 my eyes and finding myself still in California was 37 The smell of 38 will always take me back to her.Women drivers will always make me 39 and remember her laughter.Memories do 40 the test of time.【语篇解读】本文讲述的是作者在回忆自己的奶奶。21A.placeBmemoryCexpressionDinstruction【解析】根据下文可知，作者在回忆奶奶的事情。句意：玫瑰的香气将我带进了对奶奶的“回忆”中。【答案】B22A.songsBpoemsCstoriesDjokes【解析】句意：在我小时候，她会给我讲她冒险的“故事”。【答案】C23A.marryBleaveCspeakDdrive【解析】由下文可知，尽管她的父亲反对，奶奶还是在外面找了一份巴士司机的工作。由此可知，奶奶是她的家庭里第一个“开车”的女人。【答案】D24A.happyBsillyCangryDproud【解析】由上文可知，奶奶的父亲反对她开车，她却出去当了一名巴士司机。 由此可知，她的父亲对此感到“生气”。【答案】C25A.characterBpersonCtouristDdaughter【解析】由下文奶奶的所作所为可以看出，她是个“人物”，不同于一般的女性。character在此处指“(不同寻常的)人”。【答案】A26A.childrenBadultsCwomenDmen【解析】句意：她不在乎人们对她周围的“女性”的那些限制。【答案】C27A.workedBplayedCdancedDfought【解析】句意：在战争时期她去了长滩，在一家造船厂“工作”。【答案】A28A.moneyBschoolCloveDlife【解析】联系下文内容可知，奶奶教给作者很多“人生”的道理。【答案】D29A.oftenBsometimesCneverDalways【解析】奶奶告诉作者，长大后，他“决不”应该要求任何人照顾他。下一句中的never也有提示。【答案】C30A.planBroadCcarDbike【解析】句意：如果没有一个可以独自回来的“计划”，就不要离开家。【答案】A31A.giftsBlettersCcallsDcards【解析】由下文作者读奶奶的来信可知，此处是说他们搬家后会收到奶奶的“信”。【答案】B32A.strangeBfamiliarCbeautifulDugly【解析】句意：我会读奶奶的来信并赞美她“漂亮的”笔迹。【答案】C33A.seeBhearCsmellDimagine【解析】作者读信的时候就会“想象”奶奶坐在院子里给他们写信的情景。【答案】D34A.waiting forBlooking forCthinking ofDhearing of【解析】此处指奶奶在“等候”朋友们来喝咖啡。wait for“等候，等待”，符合语境。look for“寻找”；think of“想起”；hear of“听说”。【答案】A35A.helpBwonderCpretendDhope【解析】作者想象着奶奶坐在院子里的情景，然后闭上眼睛，“希望”自己就在她身边。【答案】D36A.OpeningBClosingCChangingDHaving【解析】前面说作者闭上眼睛，希望自己在奶奶身边，因此这里是指“睁开”眼睛。【答案】A37A.interestingBexcitingCsadDeasy【解析】句意：睁开眼睛，发现自己身在加利福尼亚是一件“令人难过的”事情。【答案】C38A.treesBleavesCwordsDroses【解析】由第一段第二句可知，“玫瑰”的香气总是会让作者想起奶奶。【答案】D39A.smileBcryCcoolDfine【解析】句意：女司机总是会让我“微笑”并记起奶奶的笑声。【答案】A40A.standBfailCtakeDgive【解析】句意：记忆确实“经受”了时间的考验。四个选项中只有stand有“经受、忍受”的意思。【答案】A.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The weather is getting hotter.Having taken exercise，we will become much 41. (thirsty)A cold drink may be just the thing.But most of us are never concerned about 42. we drink.There are plenty of “energy drinks” on the market.Most of them have an attractive color or cool name.Something that looks cool may be harmful to our 43. (safe)44 a careful check，we may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine(咖啡因)in them，45. (typical) aimed at young people，students，busy people and sports players.Makers sometimes say 46. drinks make us better at sports and can keep us awake.47. be careful not to drink too much.Research by Australian scientists found caffeine makes our heart beat fast，which in most energy drinks is at least as strong as 48. in a cup of coffee or tea and that many teenagers 49. (affect) by caffeine.There are possible health risks connected with energy drinks.Just one can of energy drink can make us nervous，50. (cause) heart attacks.So why not stop drinking it right now?41thirstier考查形容词的比较级。前句提到了hotter，故此处应用比较级。42what考查名词性从句。what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作drink的宾语。43safety考查名词。our后面应跟名词，safe为形容词；safety为其名词形式。44After考查介词。after意为“在之后”。45typically考查副词。修饰动词aim应用副词，typically意为“典型地”。46their考查代词。前面提到makers，可知此处应用their。47But考查连词。but意为“但是”。表示前后两句之间为转折关系。48that考查代词。that代替前面的caffeine。49are affected考查语态。teenagers和affect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。50causing考查非谓语动词。主语和cause之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dear Bob，Im glad to hear of you.Ive found suitable house for you.The house is on Fang Cao Street, that is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.It is a flat o