中考专题复习专题一名词.ppt

2013年中考专题复习 专题一：名词,名词,一.不可数名词的量化 二. 可数名词的数 1.规则变化； 2. 不规则变化； 3. 复合名词变复数； 4. 单复数同形； 5. 集体名词； 6. 以s结尾但为单数； 7. 既可以作可数，也可以作不可数 三. 名词所有格 1.名词加“s” 2.of加名词 3.双重所有格,一. 不可数名词 （不可以计数， 前面不可以有定冠词和数词， 没有复数形式） eg. a water some foods a money three moneys,( ) ( ),( ) ( ),不可数名词如果要表示可数必须与量词连用， 常用词有： a piece of 一张/ 块/ 则 a bottle of 一瓶 a cup of 一杯 a glass of 一玻璃杯 eg. a piece of paper a bottle of water three pieces of bread,Ex: 一杯牛奶 两瓶橙汁 三则新闻 四张纸 五块面包,a cup of milk two bottles of orange three pieces of news four pieces of paper five pieces of bread,6. Please give me _ . Im thirsty A. a tea B. a piece of bread C. a cup of tea 7. Hello , I have _ to tell you . A. two piece of newses B. two news C. two pieces of newses D. two pieces of news 8. Dont worry . There is _ left. A. some times B. many time C. much time D. any time 9. How many _ can you see ? A. bottle of oranges B. bottles of orange C. bottles of oranges D. bottle of orange,C D C B,二. 可数名词 （ 可以计数, 前面可有数词，有复数形式 ） Eg. a map / two maps / many maps a table / three tables / some tables,规则变化： a. 一般情况词尾+ s books pencils b. 以s, x，ch ，sh 结尾的+es，注：(stomachs) buses ， boxes ， watches， brushes c. 以辅音+y结尾的，把y改成i+es city cities familyfamilies 但是元音+y结尾的，直接+s boys ，toys, keys d. 以f，fe 结尾的把f，fe改为v ，再加es life lives knife knives （妻子持刀到去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光） 注：有些以f结尾的可直接加-s, roof-roofs,名词的复数,特殊：以o结尾的有生命的+es, 如: potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, （英雄和黑人喜欢吃加椰丝(es)的土豆和西红柿） 无生命的+s，如： zoo-zoos, piano-pianos, photo-photos,a . manmen woman -women 特殊： German -Germans （德国人） b. tooth - teeth foot - feet 牙齿 脚 c. child - children mouse -mice 小孩 老鼠 d. 表示不同国籍人的名词： Englishman-Englishmen American-Americans 口诀：中日不变，英法变，其余s加后面,2. 无规则变化的名词,3. 单数，复数一样 Chinese, Japanese , sheep, deer ，fish （一个中国人和一个日本人骑着羊和鹿去吃水煮鱼） Eg. a sheep ， two sheep ，many sheep 4. 只有复数形式 people ，clothes ，pants ，glasses 人们 衣服 裤子 眼镜 注意： many people 许多人 56 peoples 56个民族,5. 有的名词以s 结尾，但实为单数 news physics maths grass glass 新闻 物理 数学 草 玻璃 Eg. No news is good news . Grass is green in spring .,6. 有些名词既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但意义不同，如： a room(房间)- room（空间） an orange(橙子)- orange（橙汁） Eg : I dont like milk, Id like some orange.,7. 有的名词表示个体时,用复数.表示集体时,用单数. family , police , group , class 等 Eg : My family is very happy. My family are watching TV.,8.复合名词变复数，只需把后面的名词变复数 an apple tree- two apple trees a boy student-many boy students 特殊: （1）当名词和 man，woman 连用时， 则两个名词都变。 a man doctortwo men doctors （2） sports，clothes作定语通常用复数形式 a pair of sports shoes a clothes shop,I have two _and _. A. leg , feet B. legs , foots C. legs , feet How many _ are there in the city ? A. factories B. factorys C.factoris D. factory 3. -Can I help you? -Yes. I want some _ to drink. Im too thirsty. A. tomatoes B. bread C. bananas D. orange 4. You must clean your _ every day. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths 5. There _ lots of bread on the table. A. is B. are C. were D.be,C A D B A,6. There are two _ and three _ in our school. A. Frenchmen , Germen B. Frenchmen , Germans C. Frenchmas , Germans D. Russian, Americans 7. Many _ are playing in the park. A. children B. childs C. boy D.peoples 8. Your clothes _ very beautiful. A. is B. are C. be D. have 9. I can see many _ on the hill . A. sheeps B. cow C. sheepes D.sheep 10. My brother has two _. A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. fork,B A B D C,三. 名词所有格 一、名词所有格在名词后加“ s” a . 当名词不是s 结尾时，用 s Lucys hair / my mothers bag 露西的头发 / 我妈妈的袋子 b. 当名词是s 结尾时，则用 students reading room 学生们的阅览室 workers club 工人俱乐部 注意：Womens Day 妇女节 Childrens Day 儿童节 Teachers Day 教师节,c. 共同所有格与个体所有格 She is Tom and Jims mother. (同一个母亲) Theyre Toms and Jims mothers. ( 各自的母亲) d. 在表示职业，称谓或人名后用所有格表处所. at the doctors在诊所 at my uncles 在我叔叔家 e. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，加s 构 成所有格 five minutes walk= a five-minute walk eight miles journey= an 8-mile journey,二. 无生命事物的名词所有格 用 “of +名词” 教室的门 the door of the classroom 山顶 the top of the hill 树叶 the leaves of the tree 三. 双重所有格 : of+名词所有格 / of + 名词性 物主代词 an old photo of my fathers, a friend of mine.,1.Is this _ book ? A. Lilei B. Lileis C. lileis 2. This is _ car. A. Smith B. Smiths C. Smiths 3. There are some _ in the park. A. man teachers B. men teacher C. men teachers D. boys students 4. Thats my _. A. brothers and sisters bike B.