张汉熙高级英语的第二册的第3课课件thekingsenglish.ppt

Unit 3. Pub Talk and the Kings English,Learning objectives,Get more knowledge about the history of Britain esp. the Norman Conquest and its influence on the English language Have a better understanding of the stylistic differences between spoken and written English Better understand the art of conversation,Teaching procedures,Pre-reading questions Macro-structure of the text Background information presentations Detailed study of the text Follow-up discussion,Background Information,1. English pubs 2. Dumas and The Three Musketeers 3. The Kings English 4. Australians and the descendents of convicts 5. The Norman Conquest and its influence on English 6. The Merry Wives of Windsor by Shakespeare 7. Elizabethans 8. E.M. Forster and the Bloomsbury Group 9. Differences between spoken English and written English,Topics : Background information,1. English pubs and English social life 2. Norman conquest and its influence on the English language 3. Australia and the descendents of convicts 4. Spoken English and written English 5. The art of conversation,Pre-reading questions,1. What is a pub? What do you know about English pubs? 2. How do you understand “the Kings English”? 3. How is “English pubs” and “the Kings English” connected with each other in this text?,4. What do you anticipate about the content of the text simply from the title? 5. What type of writing is the text? Whats the main theme of this writing? 6. Is the title of the piece aptly chosen? Can you give a better title?,1. English pubs contracted from the public houseknown as the pub or the local center of social life for a large number of people(especially men) in Britain places for meeting friends and for entertainment offering a wide variety of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks and providing (in increasing numbers) hot and cold food, providing television sets, amusement machines and facilities for playing darts（镖）, billiards（台球）, dominoes（多米诺骨牌） and similar games, even employing musicians for evening entertainment, such as piano playing, folk singing and modern jazz,The Kings English: Variety of English supposedly correct or standard English ( esp. British English) as to grammar and pronunciation, so-called from the notion of royal sanction( approval; acceptance ) When the ruling monarch is a queen, it is also called “ the Queens English.”,The Queens English: (old-fashioned) the form of spoken and written British English that is considered correct by most people (Macmillan English Dictionary) To speak the kings English means to speak very correctly in a way typical of people of highest social class.,Macro-structure of the text,Part I (para.13) A general introduction to what makes a good conversation Part II (para.411) A particular instance of a good pub conversation Part III (para. 1217) (digression) The authors reflection on the history and meaning of the “kings English” Part IV (para1821) Winding up by pointing out what is the bane of good conversation,6. The Merry Wives of Windsor by William Shakespeare,Summary Justice Shallow, Master Slender, and Sir Hugh Evans enter, discussing Shallows anger at Sir John Falstaff. Evans changes the topic to the young Anne Page, whom he would like to see Slender marry. They arrive at Master Pages door, where Shallow confronts Falstaff and his entourage. The men enter to dine, but Slender drifts around outside, trying unsuccessfully to converse with Anne Page until he goes inside. /Falstaff and his entourage settle in at the Garter Inn, whereFalstaff reveals his plan to seduce Mistress Page and Mistress Ford, both of whom have control over their husbands money, which he desires. He sends Pistol and Nim to deliver letters to the women, but they refuse. Instead they plot to stymie Falstaffs plans by telling Page and Ford of his intentions.,Mistress Quickly talks to Slenders servant Simple, sent by Evans, and agrees that she will consent to speak positively of Slender to Anne Page. Her master, Doctor Caius, enters and encounters Simple. When he hears about his errand, he becomes angry and drafts a letter to Evans. Caius too is in love with Anne Page and blames Evans for encouraging Slender; hence he challenges him to a duel. He threatens Quickly, who had promised him she would encourage Anne to look favorably on him. Later Fenton enters; hes also in love with Anne and wants to know if Quickly has related his affections to her./Mistress Page enters with a letter from Falstaff. Shes astonished that he has the gall to try to seduce her and wonders how she will seek revenge. Mistress Ford appears with her own letter, which they discover is exactly the same. They decide to lead Falstaff on until he is ruined and humiliated. Mistress Ford agrees to anything that wont harm her honor. Meanwhile, Pistol and Nim enter, conversing with Ford and Page; they reveal Falstaffs plans. The husbands are astonished. Page doesnt think his wife will fall for Falstaff, but Ford is horribly jealous and convinced his wife will dishonor him.,Shallow and the Host of the Garter Inn enter with news of a fight between Caius and Evans. Page goes with them to watch, while Ford makes a deal with the Host to be introduced to Falstaff in disguise, in order to find out how far Falstaff has gotten in his plan. At the Garter Inn, Quickly enters with a message from Mistresses Ford and Page for Falstaff. She reports that Ford will be out the next morning, and Mistress Ford will be expecting a visit from him. Mistress Page has not yet gotten her husband to leave the house, so shell make a date at a later time. Then Ford enters in disguise, announced under the name Brooke. He tells Falstaff that hes in love with Mistress Ford, but that she has always rebuffed his advances, claiming that shes too honorable to cheat on her husband. He asks Falstaff to seduce Mistress Ford, thus destroying her honor, so she wont be able to turn him down in the future. Falstaff reports his date the next morning with Mistress Ford. Alone, Ford curses his wife for preparing to cheat on him and thinks Page is foolish to trust his wife. Caius awaits Evans for their duel, but Evans is nowhere to be,found./Meanwhile, Evans has been wandering around looking for Caius. They meet and prepare to fight. The other men take their swords away, and Caius and Evans speak quietly to each other of their suspicion that the Host has plotted to make them look like fools because he scorns Evans for his Welsh accent and Caius for his French one. They agree to work together to get revenge against the Host. On the way back from the fight, the men discuss Annes marriage options. Page says he favors Slender, but his wife prefers Caius. What about Fenton?, asks one, but Page dismisses him entirely. Ford invites the men back to his house to catch Falstaff Falstaff has arrived at Mistress Fords house; he hides when Mistress Page is announced. She comes in and speaks loudly of the imminent arrival of Ford, who angrily suspects his wife of cheating. Falstaff comes out and asks them to help him flee. They hide him in a laundry basket. Ford and his buddies enter as Mistress Fords men carry the laundry out. Ford is unable to find Falstaff, and the Mistresses are doubly delighted to have fooled both Falstaff and Ford.,They decide to humiliate Falstaff further in the service of making Ford get over his jealousy./Fenton and Anne Page speak. He says her father objects to him because he suspects him of just wanting Annes money, since he is high-born but poor. Fenton admits that that was his intention at first, but, since getting to know her, he has come to feel differently. Shallow, Slender, and Quickly enter; Quickly draws Fenton away, while Shallow tries to get Slender to talk to Anne. Slender only makes a fool of himself by speaking nonsense. Page and his wife enter, and they invite the favored Slender inside. Fenton asks Quickly to continue to campaign on his behalf with Anne. Alone, Quickly notes that she likes him better than the other two men who have asked her to sway Annes opinion./Falstaff arrives at the Garter Inn, soaked after having been thrown in the river with the laundry. Quickly enters with a second invitation from Mistress Ford. Ford enters in disguise as Brooke and asks how Falstaffs date with Mistress Ford went. He tells how it ended, but says he is visiting again that night!/Falstaff returns to Mistress Fords house, and again Mistress Page enters soon after.,Falstaff hides, and Mistress Page warns Mistress Ford of her husbands approach. How will they hide Falstaff this time? He emerges and refuses to go in the laundry again. Mistress Ford suggests that he wear the clothes of her servants fat aunt to escape in disguise. He does, and when Ford arrives, he beats Falstaff and chases him away because he hates the fat aunt. Mistress Ford and Mistress Page arepleased; they think they have proven their point, and so they decide to tell their husbands of their schemes./Ford apologizes to his wife for his jealousy, and he promises never to suspect her again. They decide that it would be fun to work together to humiliate Falstaff publicly. They plan to have Mistress Ford invite Falstaff to meet her in an allegedly haunted wood, and theyll dress their children up as ghosts and monsters to terrify and embarrass Falstaff. Then, having caught him in the act of trying to meet Mistress Ford secretly, they can tell the story all around town./Fenton speaks to the Host of a letter he has received from Anne. She says that her parents want to use the chaos of disguised children in the haunted wood as an opportunity for her suitors to elope with her. Her mother wants her to run off with Caius and her father prefers Slender.,Each instructs her to wear a specific outfit so each suitor may find her. But she intends to deceive them both. Fenton asks the Host to help him find a vicar who will marry them that night./Meanwhile, Caius and Evans avenge themselves on the Host by stealing three of his horses in a scheme that had him believing he had lent the horses to three German lords on their way to the royal court./Falstaff arrives in the haunted woods. The disguised children hide and wait. Ford and Page and their friends arrive to watch, and Mistress Ford and Mistress Page approach Falstaff. Hes delighted to see they have both come to meet him. Then they hear a noise and the women run away. Falstaff is surrounded by disguised elves and ghouls and is terrified. Mistress Quickly, playing the fairy queen, says they should try to burn the human they have encountered, and if he doesnt burn then he is pure. They burn Falstaff with candles and encircle him and pinch him.,Finally, the disguised children depart, and Page and Ford enter. Falstaff sees that he has been fooled and humiliated. Evans tells Falstaff that he should give up on his lusts and tells Ford that he should trust his wife. Meanwhile, they all wonder where Anne is. Slender arrives upset; in the confusion, he eloped with a young boy in Annes outfit. Then Caius enters, in a rage that he has married a boy wearing Annes assigned color outfit. Then Anne herself enters with Fenton. Fenton scolds the Pages for having thought to send Anne into a marriage without love. He and Anne have long been in love, he says, and now it has been finalized./Ford says that love has won out, and Page and his wife realize their mistake in not having listened to the wishes of their daughter. Falstaff is pleased that their plan to humiliate him backfired partially in the marriage of Anne and Fenton. They adjourn to celebrate the marriage and invite Falstaff to join them.,8. E.M. Forster and the Bloomsbury Group Forster, E. M. (Edward Morgan Forster), 1879-1970, English author, one of the most important British novelists of the 20th century. After graduating from Cambridge, Forster lived in Italy and Greece. During World War I he served with the International Red Cross in Egypt. In 1946, Forster became an honorary fellow of Kings College, Cambridge, where he lived until his death. He received the Order of Merit in 1968. Forsters fiction, conservative in form, is in the English tradition of the novel of manners. He explores the emotional and sensual deficiencies of the English middle class, developing his themes by means of irony, wit, and symbolism. His first novel, Where Angels Fear to Tread, appeared in 1905 and was followed in quick succession by The Longest Journey (1907), A Room with a View (1908), and Howards End (1910). His last and most widely acclaimed novel, A Passage to India (1924), treats the relations between a group of British,E.M.Forster Bloomsbury Group,colonials and native Indians and considers the difficulty of forming human relationships, of “connecting” ; the novel also explores the nature of external and internal reality. Forsters short stories are collected in The Celestial Omnibus (1911) and The Eternal Moment (1928). After 1928 he turned his attention increasingly to nonfiction. Notable collections of his essays and literary criticism are Abinger Harvest (1936) and Two Cheers for Democracy (1951). Aspects of the Novel (1927) is a major study of the novel and Forsters most important critical work. In 1971, Maurice, a novel Forster had written in 1913-14, was published posthumously. A homosexual, Forster had refrained from publishing it during his lifetime because of the works sympathetic treatment of homosexuality. The story of a young mans self-awakening.,Maurice treats a familiar Forster theme, the difficulty of human connection. His unpublished short stories and essays were published posthumously in Albergo Empedocle and Other Writings (1972). In all his works Forsters style is impeccable.,The Bloomsbury Group The name given to the literary group that made the Bloomsbury area of London the center of its activities from 1904 to World War II. It included Lytton Strachey , Virginia Woolf , Leonard Woolf, E. M. Forster , Vita Sackville-West , Roger Fry , Clive Bell , and John Maynard Keynes . The group began as a social clique（派系）: a few recent Cambridge graduates and their closest friends would assemble,on Thursday nights for drinks and conversation. Its members were committed to a rejection of what they felt were the strictures（限制） and taboos of Victorianism on religious, artistic, social, and sexual matters. They remained a fairly tight-knit group for many years; recent biographers have detailed their tangled personal relations. By the 1920s Bloomsburys reputation as a cultural circle was fully established to the extent that its mannerisms（惯用的格调或手法）were parodied（拙劣的模仿） and Bloomsbury became a widely used term connoting an insular（孤立的）, snobbish aestheticism. Unique in the brilliance, variety, and output of its members, the group has remained the focus of widespread scholarly and popular interest.,Para.1. 1) Whats the main idea of this paragraph? 2) Paraphrase the first sentence. Make a sentence with “sociable” Can you find a synonym of “intricate” and “indulge in”?,Detailed study of the text,sociable: subl ,a. A sociable person is friendly and enjoys being with people 好交际的,友好的 Her sociable manner is really a mask for a very shy nature. 她那好交际的作风，实际上是她腼腆天性的伪装。 b. Sociable jobs ,or times allow you to enjoy being with other people.有社交机会的 The pay is good, but the hours are not very sociable.,indulge,A. to allow yourself to do sth you enjoy To indulge in / indulge yourself in leisure activities To indulge a passion/taste/interest He was now able to indulge his passion for music.,B. to allow sb to do sth they enjoy He loves his wife and indulges his sons.,C. induldge in: to become involved in sth people do not approve of He confessed that he had indulged in affairs with several women.,Revision of the first paragraph,Conversation is _. And it is an activity only of humans. However _ with each other, they do not _ that _ the name of conversation.,Para.2. 1) Whats the main idea of this paragraph? 2) How do you understand the mixed metaphor conveyed by the four verbs “ meander, leap, sparkle and glow”?,meander,A.(a road or river) to follow a path with a lot of turns and curves , B.to move slowly without a particular direction or purpose in mind In the text, to talk for a long time without really having central subjects,leap,A.To move somewhere quickly and suddenly B.To jump into the air or over a long distance In the text, to suddenly change to another topic or subject,sparkle,A. To shine with small points of reflected lights B.To burn brightly throwing off sparks; In the text, to talk about something lively and interesting,glow,A.To shine with a soft light B.To burn steadily without flames In the text, to talk about something less exciting,3) How do you understand the enemy of good conversation? 4) What are some of the characteristics of conversation? 5) Give us an example from your daily experience to show that some good conversationalists are always ready to let it go and lose.,Revision 闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题,话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。 。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢/平淡无奇，要是有人觉得“有些话要说”，那定会大煞风景，使闲聊无趣。闲聊不是为了进行争论。 The _of conversation is that _, and no one has any idea _ as it _ or _ and _ or just_. The enemy of good conversation is the person _. Conversation is not _.,闲聊中常常会有争论，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲聊之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。事实上，真正善于闲聊的人往往是随时准备让步的。也许他们偶然间会觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之而失，他们也就听之任之。 Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not _. There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are _. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best _, but _ the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready to _.,Para 3. 1) What does he really mean when he said “because of my up-bringing in Englis