2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练20（含解析）外研版.docx

课时提能练(二十).阅读理解(2019辽宁五校联考)A study has shown that nearly 90 percent of traffic accidents are caused by human errors.So our aim is a fully autonomous car that gets rid of the cause of most accidents：the driver.Researcher Hodgson points out，“For safety，the faster you can remove humans，the better，even if there are unfortunately a few accidents from new causes.Its a question of balancing the number injured or killed by autonomous vehicles with the people whose lives are potentially saved.”Its an idea that Elon Musk，CEO of electric car company Tesla Motors，has long believed.His company is determined to be the first to deliver a fully autonomous vehicle to consumers.Last year，Musk announced that Teslas 2017 goal was“to do an example drive of full autonomy all the way from LA to New York.and have the car park itself”However，even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcomethe software needs further validation and the appropriate regulatory approval needs to be in place.Indeed，recent crashes of Tesla vehicles and Google cars confirm that the software isnt ready yet.The UK government appears committed to encouraging the development of autonomous vehicles.Its supporting four city trials，publishing the Modern Transport Bill to reduce red tape around their introduction and adapting the legal system to take into account problems such as insurance liability when a human isnt in control of a vehicle.The insurance industry is similarly eager to help increase autonomy in cars.As the Association of British Insurers(ABI) points out，“More than 90 percent of road accidents are caused by human errors.”This costs motor insurers a shocking 20 million per day in claims.【语篇解读】这篇文章介绍了一种无人驾驶汽车。由于交通事故主要是由驾驶员的失误引发的，这种无人驾驶汽车在某种程度上可以解决交通事故问题。这种想法虽然还需进一步完善，但已经得到了英国政府及保险公司的支持。1What difficulty does the company Tesla Motors have?ANew inventions may cause more injuries and deaths.BThe company lacks confidence to make new creations.CThe software should be made officially acceptable.DThe traffic regulation has proved unreasonable.C细节理解题。题干中的关键词是difficulty，据此定位到第三段的第一句“However，even Tesla admits that there are problems to overcomethe software needs further validation and the appropriate regulatory approval needs to be in place”由此可知，特斯拉公司还需要解决的问题是相关软件需要进一步的验证以及监管机构的批准。2What is the UK governments attitude to autonomous cars?AAmbiguous. BPositive.CCautious. DDisapproving.B推理判断题。题干中的关键词是the UK government，据此定位到第四段第一句“The UK government appears committed to encouraging the development of autonomous vehicles”即英国政府似乎是在鼓励无人驾驶汽车的研发。由此可知，英国政府的态度是支持的，所以答案是B。3What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AInsurance companies would like to support autonomous cars.BHuman mistakes may be the key cause of traffic accidents.CTraffic accidents cost insurance companies quite a lot.DMotorists are surprised to hear about autonomous cars.A段落大意题。段落主题通常会出现在段首，由最后一段的首句“The insurance industry is similarly eager to help increase autonomy in cars”可知，保险公司同样渴望去帮助提高汽车的自动性能。4What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show his deep love for autonomous cars.BTo introduce a new development in technology.CTo amuse readers with funny examples.DTo provide a persuasive argument against autonomy.B作者意图题。本文重点介绍了一项新技术研发无人驾驶汽车，并介绍了尚待解决的相关问题，以及英国政府、保险公司对此项新技术的态度。.阅读七选五(2018福州质检)The holiday season is supposed to be the most festive and fun time of the year，but all those plans and expectations of joy can turn tougher and more stressful than they sound.This is especially true for those of us who struggle with mental illness. 1 Sometimes youre forced to spend time with family you rarely see and dont always get along with.Or you are off from work，with more time to think troubling thoughts.Or you are put into party situations that you dont like.When you have a routine，its easier to manage whatever mental struggles you may face，and when that routine is broken，it can trigger(引发) things you may not be ready to face. 2 It was during the holidays that I hit a low moment and，with the help of my mother，decided to seek help for my eating disorder.During the holidays，I often feel as if I were supposed to be everywhere with everyone. 3 To fight this，Ive developed a mantra(咒语)：its not selfish to take time for yourself.Take a walk in nature.Talk to a friend you trust.Sit out one of the holiday gatherings in favor of some personal time. 4 Trying to spend all of your time pleasing everyone else is not only exhaustingits impossible.And you know what？ 5 AI know it has for me.BThe holidays break your routine.CThere are many things crowding in your mind.DI will accompany my friends to go wherever they like.EI have the added guilt of knowing its the season of giving.FJust do whatever helps you calm down and gives you a break from the stress.GIf you take a little time for yourself，you will be a much better company for those around you.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。假日季节应该是一年中最愉快和有趣的一段时光，但所有快乐的计划和期待可能变得更艰难、更有压力。1B本空位于段首，是该段的主题句，后面的例子讲的都是平时很少做或不愿意做的事情，因此该段的主题句应该是假期打破了常规，所以答案选B项。2A本空位于该段中间，起承上启下的作用，空处前讲的是有无打破常规的影响，空处后讲的是打破常规对“我”的影响，A项中的it照应上文中的it，指代的是that routine，A项中的me照应下文中的I。3E空前一句讲的是“我”经常感到“我”应该和大家去每一个地方，又根据“its not selfish to take time for yourself”可知“我”没有和大家出去，故空处应表示“我”的愧疚，故E项符合语境，且E项中的giving照应本段最后一句中的not selfish。4F空前内容讲的是怎么放松自己，故F项“只做帮助你平静下来、使你从压力中得到休息的事情”符合语境，所以答案选F项。5G空前内容讲的是把所有时间花在取悦别人上不仅使人筋疲力尽，而且是不可能的，那么该怎么做呢，最后应该是提出建议，故G项“如果能为自己花一些时间，你会更好的陪伴周围的那些人”符合语境。所以答案选G项。.语法填空(2019长沙联考)Since childhood，I 1. (see) action movies starring Bruce Lee and Jackie Chen，and I was always curious to learn the martial arts(武术).2. there is China，there is kung fu.Once I arrived in China，my dream was 3. (learn) tai chi and kung fu and master the techniques of martial arts.After my arrival on campus on the first day，I went for a walk in the early morning.I saw some older people 4. (practise) tai chi slowly.I stopped and watched their movements closely.It attracted me，and the very next day at registration time，I rushed to the teachers office to choose tai chi as my 5. (option) course.The following week I was on the grounds early in the morning with my classmates.The teacher told us that tai chi 6. (favor) for its health benefits.The movement of the body is related 7. the yin and yang forces.The main 8. (rule) that the teacher taught us were attitude，discipline(自律) and balance.I was taking every bit of the training 9. (serious) and trying to maintain my balance，which was a difficult job.However，as the teacher puts 10. ，our attitude，our willingness and our action will make the impossible possible.And I will do.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述的是自己到中国实现自己儿时学习中国功夫的梦想。1have seen考查时态。自孩提时代，“我”一直看李小龙和成龙主演的功夫片。since引出的时间状语常与现在完成时连用。2Where考查连词。本句话其实改编自谚语Where there is a will，there is a way(有志者事竟成)。3to learn考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，不定式和动名词都可以作表语，但是根据后面的“and master”可知，and连接并列的非谓语动词作表语，master前省略了to，故本空应用不定式。【易错分析】本空考生还容易错填learned/learnt，原因是句子结构分析不透彻，以为这里是被动语态。4practising考查非谓语动词。“我”看见一些老年人正在慢慢地练太极。本句含有“感官动词宾语宾补”结构，宾语some older people与practise是主动关系，且根据后面的“I stopped and watched their movements closely”可知，宾补动作正在发生，故用practise的现在分词形式。5optional考查形容词。“我”选择太极作为选修课。空处作定语，修饰名词course，故用形容词optional“可选择的，非强制的”。6is favored考查时态和语态。tai chi与favor“偏爱，喜爱”是被动关系，故此处用被动语态。虽然主句用了一般过去时，但是根据语境可知，宾语从句描述的是客观事实，故从句用一般现在时。下一句的时态也是暗示。7to考查介词。be related to.“与有关”，是固定搭配，故填介词to。8rules考查名词。老师教给我们的主要规则是态度、自律和平衡。空处显然要填名词，但是部分考生一看到前面的“The main”，就以为空处要填单数名词，却忽略了后面的谓语动词是were，所以主语要用名词的复数。9seriously考查副词。修饰动词用副词，take.seriously“认真对待”。10it考查代词。as sb.puts it是常用句型，意为“正如某人所说的一样”。.短文改错(2019湖北七市联考)My name is Lisa，one of you great friends.Glad to see youve made rapid progresses in learning Chinese but I am writing to tell you about our next lesson.The lesson will be gave from 3：00 to 5：00 in the afternoon of March 20th in Classroom 301.In the class，what you will