2009高考英语复习课堂限时强化训练——阅读理解（三十八）（附详解）.doc.doc

十年高考网十年高考试题、高考模拟试题、教学资源下载2009高考英语复习课堂限时强化训练阅读理解（三十八）（一）Doesadrinkadaykeepheartattacksaway?Overthepast20years,numerousstudieshavefoundthatmoderatealcoholconsumption,say,oneortwobeers,glassesofwineorcocktailsdailyhelpstopreventcoronaryheartdisease.LastweekareportintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineaddedstrongnewevidenceinsuportofthattheory.Moreimportant,theworkprovidedthefirstsolidindictionofhowalcoholworkstoprotecttheheart.Inthestudy,researchersfromBostonsBrighamandWomensHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchoolcomparedthedrinkinghabitsof340menandwomenwhohadsufferedrecentheartattackwiththoseofhealthypeopleofthesameageandsex.Thescientistsfoundthatpeoplewhosiponetothreedrinksadayareabouthalfaslikelytosufferheartattacksasnondrinkersare.Theapparentsourceoftheprotection:thosewhodrankalcoholhadhigherbloodlevelsofhighdensitylipoproteins,thesocalledgoodcholesterol,whichisknowntopreventheartdisease.w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mAsevidencehasmounted,somedoctorshavebegunrecommendingadailydrinkforpatientsofheartdiseases.Butmostphysiciansarenotreadytoreommendaregularhappyhourforeveryone.Therisksofteetotalling(绝对戒酒)arenothingcomparedwiththedangersoftoomuchalcohol,includinghighbloodpressure,strokesandlivertroublesnottomentionviolentbehaviourandtrafficaccidents.Moreover,somestudiessuggestthatevenmoderatedrinkingmayincreasetheincidenceofbreastandcoloncancer.Untilthereisevidencethatthebenefitsofadailydoseofalcoholoutweightherisks,mostpeoplewontbeabletotakeadoctorsprescriptiontotheneighbourhoodbarorliquorstore.1.Themedicalarticlequotedinthefirstparagraphindicates.A.thewayinwhichalcoholcanhelptheheartB.howacoupleofcocktailsdailycanstopheartproblemsC.whyalcoholicdrinksaredangeroustooneshealthD.thatreportsontheadvantagesofalcoholweremisled2.Experimentsshowedthatnondrinkershad.A.largeramountsofgoodcholesterolB.smalleramountsofgoodcholesterolC.higherbloodpressureD.十年高考网十年高考试题、高考模拟试题、教学资源下载3.Accordingtothepassage,moderatedrinking.A.isrecommendedbymostdoctorsforheartpatientsB.shouldbeallowedonprescriptionC.isstillnotmedicallyadvisableD.isnotrelatedtoliverproblems4.Themainthemeofthispassageis.A.thechangeinrecentdrinkinghabitsB.theconnectionbetweencancerandalcoholC.whethermoderatedrinkersoutlivenondrinkersD.whetheralcoholmaybegoodforoneshealthw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（二）Acrosstheglobe,singleparenthomesareontherise.IntheUS,the2000census(人口普查)showed24.8million,ornearly24percentofthenations105.5millionhouseholds,weretraditionaltwo-parenthomes.Bycomparison,9.8millionhouseholds,or9percentofallUShouseholdswereheadedbyanadultraisingachildalone.The1990censusshowed26percentofhomeswereledbyamarriedmotherandfather,and8percentofhomeswereledbyasingleparent.Similarincreasesoccurredinothercountries.IntheUK,lone-parenthomesincreasedfrom3.3percentin1990to5.5percentin1999.SingleparenthouseholdsinAustraliarosefrom5.8percentin1990to7.6percentin1999.Belgiumsawtheincreasefrom1.8percentto2.7percentduringthesameperiodoftime.Thesecountriestendtohavegreateracceptanceofthesingleparentbecausetherearefewernearbyfamilymemberstodisapprove,Riche,aCensusBureaudirector,said.JustasintheUS,thosechangesraisednewquestionsabouthowinvolvedgovenmentshouldbeinhelpingsingleparentfamilies.Someresearchsuggestschildrenraisedintwo-parentfamiliesarebetteroffthanthosewhodependonone.“Thepositionofone-parentfamiliesinanycountryisverymuchagender(性别)issue-womensopportunities,especiallyworking-classwomenonlowincome,”saidSueCohen,coordinator(协调员)oftheSingleActionParentsNetworkinEngland.5.Notconsideringtheexactnumberofthesingle-parentfamilies,whichcountrysawthefastestriseratein1999,comparedwith1990?A.UK.B.Australia.C.America.D.B十年高考网十年高考试题、高考模拟试题、教学资源下载6.Whatisthecauseoftheriseofsingleparentfamiliesacrosstheglobe?A.Thenearbyfamilymembershaveafavourableopinion.B.Aloneparentiswelloffenoughtosupporthis/herchildren.C.Alotofproblemshavearisenintwo-parentfamilies.D.Wecannotgetenoughprovinginformationfromthetext.7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheincreaseofsingleparentfamiliesaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwillsomewhatlimitthegrowingpopulationofyoungergeneration.B.Governmentsshouldtakeactionsaboutthesocialproblemsbroughtaboutbyit.C.Singleparentfamiliesarenotlookeddownuponinanycountrymentionedhere.D.Generallyspeaking,thesingleparentsneedntworrysincetheyarehighlypaid.8.WhichofthefollowingdiagramscorrectlyshowstheriseofsingleparentfamiliesintheUSfrom1990to2000?w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m（三）Insomeurbancenters,workaholismissocommonthatpeopledonotconsideritunusual:Theyacceptthelifestyleasnormal.GovernmentworkersinWashingtonD.C,forexample,frequentlyworksixtytoseventyhoursaweek.Theydontdothisbecausetheyhaveto；theydoitbecausetheywantto.Workaholismcanbeaseriousproblem.Becausetrueworkaholicswouldratherworkthandoanythingelse,theyprobablydontknowhowtorelax.Isworkaholismalwaysdangerous?Perhapsnot.Thereare,certainly,peoplewhoworkwellunderstress.Somestudiesshowthatmanyworkaholieshavegreatenergyandinterestinlife.Theirworkissopleasurablethattheyareactuallyveryhappy.Formostworkaholics,workandentertainmentkeepthembusyandcreative.Whydoworkaholicsenjoytheirjobssomuch?Thereareseveraladvantagestowork.Ofcourse,十年高考网十年高考试题、高考模拟试题、教学资源下载peoplewithpaychecks,andthisisimportant.Butitoffersmorethanfinancialsecurity.Itprovidespeoplewithselfconfidence；theyhaveafeelingofsatisfactionwhentheyreproducedachallengingpieceofworkandareabletosay,“Imadethat.”Psychologistsclaimthatworkgivespeopleanidentitythroughparticipationinwork,theygetasenseofselfandindividualism.Inaddition,mostjobsprovidepeoplewithasociallyacceptablewaytomeetothers.Perhapssomepeoplearecompulsiveabouttheirwork,buttheiraddictionseemstobeasafe-evenanadvantageous-one.9.Thepassageindicatesthatworkaholics.A.justknowworkbutnothingelseB.arewillingtoworkhardforlonghourswithoutpayC.findtheirworkprovidethemmoresatisfactionandselfconfidencethanhowmuchtheyarepaidD.hastheworkwithmoreresponsibilitythanothers10.OneofthereasonsthatsomepeoplearenotwillingtoquittheirjobsevenintheireightiesandninetiesisthatA.theyareintheneedoffinancialsecurityw.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mB.theywouldratherworkthanbedisturbedbydomesticaffairsC.theylongforasenseofidentityandbeingaccomplishedD.theymayhavehealthproblemsfromsheerboredom11.Thispassageismainlyabout.A.workaholicsareusuallysuccessfulpeople,buttheirlivesareinamessB.workaholismcanleadtoseriousproblemsbutitcanalsocreateajoyfullifeC.peoplewhoareabsorbedintheirworkmayenjoymovies,sportsandotherkindsofentertainmentD.thosewhoworkevenunderdifficultconditionsmaybeveryhappy12.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.intheeyesofallthecommonpeopleworkaholicsarepeculiarB.toworkaholics,workisthesolesourceofhappinessC.apieceofchallengingworkmayprovidetheworkaholicsasenseofsatisfactionD.workaholicsareasaddictedtotheirjobasotherpeoplearetodrugsoralcohol（四）Moresurprising,perhaps,thanthepresentdifficultiesoftraditionalmarriageisthefactthatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.AsSkolnicknotes,Americansareamarryingpeople:relativetoEuropeans,十年高考网十年高考试题、高考模拟试题、教学资源下载wemarryatayoungerage.Moreover,afteradropintheearly1915s,therateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnowincreasing.Eventhedivorcerateneedstobetakeninthispromarriagecontext:some30percentofdivorcedindividualsremarry.Thus,marriageremainsbyfarthepreferredwayoflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinoursociety.Whathaschangedmorethanmarriageisthenuclearfamily.Twentyfiveyearsago,thetypicalAmericanfamilywasmadeupofahusband,awife,andtwoorthreechildren.Now,therearemanymarriagesinwhichcoupleshavedecidednottohaveanychildren.Andtherearemanymarriageswhereatleastsomeofthechildrenarefromthewifesformermarriage,orthehusbands,orboth.Sometimesthesechildrenspendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromtheformermarriage；sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses(配偶).Thus,onecanfindeverytypeoffamilyarrangement.Therearemarriageswithoutchildren；marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepersentmarriage；marriageswith“fulltime”childrenfromboththepresentandformermarriages；marriageswith“fulltime”childrenfromthepresentmarriageand“parttime”childrenfromformermarriages.Therearestepfathers,stepmothers,halfbrothers,andhalfsisters.Itisnotallthatunusualforachildtohavefourparentsandeightgrandparents!Thesearegreatchangesfromthetraditionalnuclearfamily.Butevenso,eveninthemidstofallthis,thereremainsoneconstant:MostAmericansspendmostoftheiradultlivesmarried.w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m13.BycallingAmericanmarryingpeopletheauthormeansthat.A.AmericansaremoretraditionalthanEuropeansB.AmericansexpectmoreoutofmarriagethanEuropeansC.therearemoremarriedcouplesinU.S.A.thaninEuropeD.moreofAmericans,ascomparedwithEuropeans,prefermarriageandtheyacceptitatayoungerage14.DivorcedAmericans.A.preferthewaytheyliveB.willmostlikelyremarryC.havelostfaithinmarriageD.arethevastmajorityofpeopleinthesociety15.WhichofthefollowingcanbepresentedasthepictureoftodaysAmericanfamilies?A.Manytypesoffamilyarrangementshavebecomesociallyacceptable.B.AtypicalAmericanfamilyismadeupofonlyahusbandandawife.C.Americansprefertohavemorekidsthanbefore.D.Therearenonuclearfamiliesanymore.16.“Parttime”children.A.十年高考网十年高考试题、高考模拟试题、教学资源下载B.spendalloftheirtimewithoneparentfromthepreviousmarriageC.aresharedbetweenthetwoformerspousesD.cannotstaywith“fulltime”children17.EventhoughgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthestructureofAmericanfamilies,.A.thevastmajorityofAmericansstillhavefaithinmarriageB.thefunctionsofmarriageremainunchangedC.mostAmericanspreferasecondmarriageD.mostdivorcedAmericanswouldrathernotremarry【答案与解析】w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m1.B第一段第一句是一个问题，第二句是对这个问题的回答。然后在第三句话中作者又引用了新英格兰医学杂志上的一篇文章来进一步支持这一理论，故B为正确答案。2.B作者在第二段中先对实例进行对比。在本段最后一句指出，明显的保护源是饮酒者的高密脂蛋白中的含量更高，即所谓的好的胆固醇高，可抑止心脏病。由此推知不饮酒者的“好的胆固醇少”，这正是B的内容。3.C由最后一段可知，即使是适当饮酒，也有两种不同的态度：有些医生建议心脏病患者每天喝上一点，可大多数医生并不准备这么做。此外，有的研究报告指出适当饮酒可能增加乳房和结肠癌的患病率。由此可知，C为正确答案。4.D全文主要说明饮酒是否对健康有好处。5.A第二段交待英国单亲家庭上涨比例最大（2.2%）。6.D文章涉及更多的是现象，而未提及原因。7.B文章第三段第一句说明B项正确。其他均不符合文章。8.C从文章第一段可知美国1999年单亲家庭比例是8%，2000年是9%。9.C根据第二段第二句trueworkaholicswouldratherworkthandoanythingelse.可知工作狂只是更愿意工作，而非只知道工作，A说法过于绝对。根据第四段第三句：Itprovidespeoplewithpaychecks可排除B。文中只提到“工作狂”工作时间比其他人更长、工作更卖力，但未提及他们的责任问题，故排除D。根据第四段第四句：Butit(work)offersmorethanfinancialsecurity及第五句：It(work)pr