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M!9#k*杨亚洲1, 徐 杰2, 王景立1, 张启勃1, 刘庆福1*1. 吉林农业大学工程技术学院, 长春130118; 2.装甲兵技术学院基础部,长春130117K 1: 为减少玉米秸秆加工过程中水分流失, 以及满足鹅类等畜禽所需饲料粒度小的要求, 设计了一种采用三维切割方式的玉米秸秆切碎机b介绍了切碎机主要结构和设计参数,对切割前a后的青玉米秸秆进行了水分测试a饲料粒度分析,并对动刀片进行了磨损性能测试b结果表明:切割后秸秆水分损失率约为3119% ,饲料颗粒的三维尺寸为8 10 mm的颗粒约占78% , 切碎机的实际生产率与理论生产率基本接近; 动刀片磨损过程大致分为线磨损率分别呈高速磨损a减速磨损和稳定磨损3个阶段b在每一磨损阶段, 第一组a第二组a第三组刀片的线磨损量和线磨损率均呈递减趋势b1oM: 玉米秸秆; 切碎机; 三维切割; 动刀片; 磨损ms|: S8171121 DSM: A cI|: 1000- 5684( 2010) 04- 0468- 05Design of a New Chopper for Corn Stalk and Wear Test of Its MovingKnivesYANG Ya-zhou1, XU Jie2, WANG Jing-li1, ZHANG Q-i bo1, LIU Qing-fu11. College of Engineering and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China ;2. Department of Basic Sciences, Armor Technology Institute, Changchun 130117, ChinaAbstract: Much of moisture and nutrient ingredients were lost when corn stalk was chopped, and foragegranularity was relatively small for livestock and poultry such as goose. On this basis, a new chopper forcorn stalk was designed, in which three-dimension cutting was used. In this paper, structure and param-eters of the chopper were presented. Water content of green corn stalk was measured, forage granularitywas analyzed and wear test of moving knives of the chopper was carried out. The results showed that waterloss ratio of the green corn stalk was about 3119% , three-dimensional granularity of about 78% foragegrains was between 8 mm and 10 mm, and factual productivity of the chopper was close to its theoreticalone. The wearing process of the moving knives of the chopper included accelerated wear, deceleratedwear and stabilized wear stages. The linear wear ratio of the moving knives increased substantially, de-creased and kept steady with the time in the three stages, respectively. In every stage, the linear wearloss and linear wear ratio of the first group knives were greater than those of the second group, and thoseof the second group were greater than those of the third group.Key words: corn stalk; chopper; three-dimension cutting; moving knife; wear 3B13,cv#s,BtZK6?8b!8,sc*YT:8OS3(2008)308|Te:,o,pV,=,Z_:j?!9k/bl: 2009-07-03 : 2010-02-24吉林农业大学学报 2010, 32( 4) : 468 472 http: / / xuebao. jlau. edu. cnJournal of Jilin Agricultural University E-mail : jlndxb vip. sina. com68% 78%,!s,Osc,daa+ZX 1-4bV,SM600 Mt,Z31%,F)15% 5bFaghq4,9FZJbyN,F4qaq#LCY31mb-S=vbm;_,HM,|bMTH,T1oq=A8CWFM(,i,V7MaMT/,HsaT 6- 7byN,Ma#,0? 8-9b3L=/!9Mks,C|T/b1 M!9111 1#TM1aNaM(1NTa)a#gF(m1)bMTH,n5PYVBF,xoy8NT(227 mm,6 mm) ,xoyZ_rM;|YV=F,yZ_8NT,V7yZ_M;|YVF(xZ_,#!9BFa=FM(b11Motor; 21Conveying device; 31NInlet roller( top) ; 41/NInlet roller( bottom) ; 51(xoy) Ratchet knife ( parallel to xoy plane) ;61(yZ_bN,VBS=YVMM1(W#)MRj,Z1b112 1/!911211 饲料颗粒尺寸 Rj(Lazdah)M1?SBbTH,$NMv = Pdn/ 60( m/ s) ,MQ469杨亚洲等: 新型玉米秸秆切碎机设计及动刀片磨损试验研究吉林农业大学学报 Journal of Jilin Agricultural Universitykn1/ 60,Inuy5MRL = Pdn/ kn1= Pd / ki 11b, dN(mm) , nN( r/ min) , n1( r/ min) , k, in1Nn.1b!9/, d = 125 mm, k= 4, i= 918bN,Rz|%BFa=FW#b!9|z(!10 mmb11212 切碎机生产率 3q1|%gaa#Mb3q9TQ= 60 k a b L n C 11 ,k, k= 4;agz, a= 192 mm; bg,|Kv50% 70%,|b= 80 mm; LMR, L = 10 mm; nN, n =146 r/ min; CN,kF, C= 250 kg/m3b#M3q1 345 kg/ hb2 M?kk211 ZE21111 切碎机性能测试 1M-asMf,Wile25asN(oo$)M-#MRsbsRs,5RjbkjvkB,/9580,Qk30 kg,kN146 r/ mina1 430 r/ mina01152 m/ sHq/b21112 动刀片磨损性能测试 GB/ T699-199956,M(65 Mn/,gf( 830 840 e ,10 min)( 250 260 e , 120 min) ,fz25 mm,gHRC 55 60,8HRC 30 31bF25 tbM,Ba=F(Lqu(HW=LU)TS 12bBFa=F(8F,k,kF8VLW4Lb(m2) ,Lq9Tuti= Uti / t= ( r0i- r1i)/( cosA#t),UtiTtHWgiL, r0iT-gi, r1iTtHWgi, Ar 0igC, A= 23bb(m3),Lq9Tuti=Uti/ t= (L 0i - L1i) / t, L0igi8L, L 1iTtHWgi8Lq= (cq-Rcq) /cqbV1Vn,MM,?s,(sq3119%;Rj8 10 mmR78% ,V(bML=M3qM3q,1y9HInuybN,RisB=jq/ %Water loss ratio 3118 3313 3613 3111 2619 3119 3142 j8 10 mm/ % 82 75 73 76 84 78 4174RsDistributionof foragegranularity =j 8 mm/ % 6 9 9 8 5 714 1181 Bj 8 mm/ % 12 16 18 16 11 1416 21963q/ (kg#h- 1)Productivity 1 295 1 302 1 290 1 287 1 298 1 294 6102212.2 动刀片磨损试验结果与分析 m4m5kTbm4 3FLHW1wLFig.4. Variationof linear wear loss of three groups ofknives withtime Vn,MVs3:B(THW0 60 min)bNVLq($9v,1y7SMH,gO,PgLv,gHsT,V7F;=h(THW60600 min) ,NHLq/t,1yMHW,BM1gvMaM,gLMV9v,rBML,HW9,#Lq/t;(THWV600 min) ,NHLqM,011 mm/ h,Lo9l,VMrTvM,bm5 3FLqHW1wLFig.5. Variation of linear wear ratio of three groups ofknives withtime471杨亚洲等: 新型玉米秸秆切碎机设计及动刀片磨损试验研究吉林农业大学学报 Journal of Jilin Agricultural University m4Vn,BFL=F,O=L(AFby1,VBa=FTq3119%,Rj(8 10 mmR78%bML=3q3q,VM/!9b( 2)kTV,vsah3,LqsY$9va/aMMt,7L5B6tbB,BFa=FaFLLq(htbID:1 ,f,.1+hqJ .!, 2008, 20( 2) : 176-182.2 a,D,.+hJ., 2009 ( 2) : 52-56. 3 Igathinathane C, Womac A R, Sokhansanj S, et al. Size reductionof high-and low-moisture corn stalks by linear knife grid system J . Biomass and Bioenergy, 2009, 33: 547-557.4 fI,M,.+8s)s# J .jv, 2009, 31 ( 2) : 195-199.5 S,d,fS,.j3d8J .jS, 2008, 33 ( 4) : 59-61.6 Zo.MM0k D .:Sjv, 2005.7 b,g2.Ms1s J .j_,.M J .j,2003, 34( 5) : 61-64.11 ,9+,+S.jTM!9 J .v:jE0.#0M .:bv , 1993: 246.(464:) 7 ,v,S,.2obTY J .2v:1S, 1997,25(9) : 142. 8 Ishimori Y, Karube I, Auzuki S. Ultrasound sensitive enzyme-membraneJ . Eur J App Microbiol, 1981: 13-197. 9 Vulfson E N, Sarney D B, Law B A. Enhancement of subtilisin-catalysed interesterification in organic solvents by ultrasound irrad-iation J . Enzyme Microb Technol, 1991: 13-123. 10 f,k,.4|ZE04|qY J .jv, 2003, 25( 1) : 71-73.11 ,:,.a J.J,.Ev!vs0t J .S, 2008, 33( 3) : 23-25.(467:)ID: 1 SJ#jF( FAO) . 2003MW$3d9 J .S$S/, 2005,32( 6) : 1-6. 2 ,?.T J .6/Sn,2002, 19(
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