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橡胶切割机的改进设计【8张图纸】【优秀】

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橡胶切割机的改进设计

41页 19000字数+说明书+任务书+开题报告+外文翻译+8张CAD图纸【详情如下】

主动轴A1.dwg

任务书.doc

刀具A2.dwg

基础板A1.dwg

外文翻译--机电一体化技术.doc

大带轮A2.dwg

小带轮A3.dwg

总装配图A0.dwg

橡胶切割机的减速装置A1.dwg

橡胶切割机的改进设计开题报告.doc

橡胶切割机的改进设计说明书.doc

相关资料模板.doc

计划周记进度检查表.xls

齿轮A3.dwg


摘  要

   橡胶切割机是一种常用的机械装置,其主要功能是帮助广大用户快速完成切割橡胶,切割效率是人工的十倍以上。如此高效率的橡胶切割机就是为了橡胶生产企业专门制作的,橡胶切割机产生就节省了大量的人工费用,大大提高了切割效率。

   本课题由实际生产应用中提出,并且能够达到实际要求。随着社会、经济的快速发展,橡胶制品的需求和应用越来越广泛。橡胶切割机的开发和改进渐渐被国家和许多企业提上日程。以前我国的橡胶切割机大多需要从国外进口,切割技术处于落后状态,但由于近几年来需求越来越大,考虑到经济及技术方面的情况,我们急需发展橡胶切割机的生产技术。实现在橡胶切割行业完全依靠自己的目标。因此在这个大的背景下提出了此课题,即根据已经有的资料,对现有的橡胶切割机提出改进的方法,并进行模拟验算,从而达到更加实用和有效的目的。

   本文是针对国外现有的产品,对其进行改进。在此次设计中,在现有橡胶切割机材料为前提的条件下,对带轮、刀具、齿轮、轴等相关系统进行全面的设计,着重设计了带轮与减速器的配合使用,希望在实际生产中能有作用,让此产品更适合工厂和顾客的需求。

最后,希望此次设计的橡胶切割机能到达预期的设计要求,并能在实际的应用中取得良好的效果。

 关键词:带轮;齿轮;刀具;轴;改进


目  录

摘  要III

AbstractIV

目  录V

1 绪论1

1.1 背景介绍1

1.2 切割行业现状及发展前景1

1.2.1 切割行业的现状1

1.2.2 切割行业的发展趋势3

1.2.3 切割机发展存在的问题4

1.3 本课题的主要内容5

2 传动方案的总体设计6

2.1 总体方案的确定6

2.2 电动机6

2.2.1 电动机的选择6

2.2.2 选择原动机时应考虑的因素7

2.2.3 结论7

2.3 减速器7

2.3.1 减速器的选择7

3 带传动的设计9

3.1 带传动的类型9

3.2 带的弹性滑动和打滑9

3.3 V带轮的设计计算9

3.3.1 确定计算功率9

3.3.2 选择V带的带型9

3.3.3 确定带轮的基准直径并验算带速9

3.3.4 确定V带的中心距和基准长度9

3.3.5 计算实际中心距10

3.3.6 验算小带轮上的包角10

3.3.7 计算带的根数。10

3.3.8 计算单根V带的初拉力最小值10

3.3.9 计算压轴力10

3.4 V带轮结构设计11

3.5 V带传动的张紧、安装与防护11

3.5.1 V带传动的张紧11

3.5.2 V带传动的安装12

3.5.3 V带传动的防护12

4 主要零部件的设计13

4.1刀具13

4.1.1 外形设计13

4.1.2 刀具材料13

4.2 齿轮设计13

4.2.1 整体方案13

4.2.2 齿轮的材料,热处理及精度14

4.2.3 初步设计齿轮传动的主要尺寸14

4.2.4 齿轮的最终选择16

4.3 主动轴18

4.3.1 拟定整体方案18

4.3.2 材料、尺寸的选择设计19

4.3.3 轴的受力分析与校核20

4.4 从动轴23

4.4.1 从动轴的结构23

4.4.2材料、尺寸的选择设计24

4.5 键25

4.5.1 键的选择25

4.5.2 键联接强度计算25

4.6 联轴器25

4.6.1 联轴器的选择26

4.6.2 定联轴器的品种、形式、规格(型号)26

4.6.3 联轴器的尺寸、安装与维护26

5 减速器箱体设计28

5.1 箱体设计28

5.2 减速器附件设计29

6 结论与展望31

致  谢32

参考文献33

切割设备。

  切割机行业存在问题?:

  a. 市场无序竞争,表现在互相贬低、互相压价、互相挖人;

  b. 研发投入少,或根本没有投入;

  c. 在机械和控制水平上与国外产品差别不大,但对国外控制系统了解不透,只停留在会应用的水平;⑷企业间没有合作,不能联合起来开辟市场,比如在配套件的采上企业集中起来会降低成本。

  d. 一些技术含量低的同类产品处于低水平、低价格的竞争,使企业陷入利润极低的状况,很难再自我发展。

  e. 有较强综合实力,能为推动行业发展,在行业自律中发挥积极作用的企业少。

  f. 业整体协调能力差。?

   现代切割机技术在工业领域中的运用将是多方面的,以上仅是对现代切割技术,在提高切割工艺水平和提高焊接质量等方面,介绍了国外一些切割技术的发展趋势和动态。今后我们切割行业还有很多工作要做,如非金属切割技术,大功率激光切割技术,全自动切割流水线等项目的研制开发。只有通过不断努力,不断拓宽我们的工作思路,切割行业将在新形势下得到进一步的发展。

1.3 本课题的主要内容

   本课题的主要内容是完成橡胶切割机的改进设计,分析其工作原理,根据我国的切割要求,完成主要零部件的设计计算和装置的装配设计,另外本设计是通过带传动与减速机的配合连接实现减速传动,取代了原有日本减速装置,将此产品国有化。

   本设计需满足的要求如下:

  a. 达到技术指标所规定要求,满足实际工作需要。

  b. 整机结构简单实用,满足设计要求。

  c. 工作时能尽量减少噪音,设备外形力求简约且美观。

5 减速器箱体设计

5.1 箱体设计

   箱体是机器中很重要的零件,它对箱体内的零件起包容和支撑的作用,工作时承受机器的总重量及作用力、弯矩等。在一台机器中,箱体的重量约占总重量的70%左右。因此,箱体的结构在很大程度上影响着机器的工作性能和经济性。

   由于箱体的结构较为复杂,因而通常都是铸造成形。铸铁材料价格便宜,吸震性好,是制造箱体的最常用的材料。通常箱体所选用的材料是HT200,因此在设计中我也选用这种材料来铸造箱体。当强度要求高时用铸钢,要求重量轻时也可用铝合金。

   虽然各类机器中箱体的结构形式、尺寸差异较大,但对箱体类零件结构设计的基本要求是相近的,即:I、造型合理;II、具有足够的刚度和强度;III、加工工艺性好;IV、便于箱体内零件的安装。因此,我所设计的箱体也应该从以上四个方面着手设计。

   1、箱体的外观造型

   从功能要求看,减速器箱体包容箱体内的所有零件,并通过轴承座支承轴系部件,为使传动零件得到充足的润滑,箱体还起油池的作用。箱体造型时,常以内部零件的布置及尺寸为基本出发点,再考虑包容、支承、润滑等功能要求,结合造型的设计准则,确定箱体外形。(箱体的具体外形见蜗轮箱零件图)。

   2、机体要具有足够的刚度

   机体刚度不够,会在加工和工作过程中产生不允许的变形,引起轴承座孔中心线歪斜,在传动中产生偏载,影响减速器的正常工作。因此在设计机体时,首先应保证轴承座的刚度。为此应使轴承座有足够的壁厚,并在轴承座附近加支撑肋。

   机体加有内肋,内肋刚度大,外表光滑美观,虽然内壁阻碍润滑油流动,工艺也比较复杂,但目前采用内肋结构逐渐增多。

   为了提高轴承座处的联接刚度,座孔俩侧的联接螺旋距离应尽量靠近(以不与端盖螺钉孔干涉为原则),为此轴承座孔附近应做出凸台,其高度要保证安装时有足够的扳手空间。

   为了保证机体的刚度,机盖和机座的联接凸缘应取厚些。机座底凸缘宽度应超过机体内壁。

   3、应考虑便于机体内零件的润滑、密封及散热。

   对于大多数减速器,由于其传动件的圆周速度,故常采用浸油润滑(当速度)时应采用喷油润滑)。因此机体内需要有足够的润滑油,用以润滑和散热。同时为了避免油搅动时沉渣返起,齿顶到油池低面的距离不应小于30-50mm。由此即可决定机座的高度。

   对于下置式蜗杆减速器,浸油深度不应超过滚动轴承最低滚动体中心,以免影响密封和增加搅油损失。

   浸油深度决定后,即可定出所需油量。并按传动功率大小进行验算,以保证散热。对于单级传动,每传递1kw需油量,对于多级传动,按级数成比例增加,如不满足,应适当加高机座高度,以保证足够的油池容积。

   对于下置式蜗杆减速器,当油面高度受到轴承最低滚动体高度限制时,蜗杆常接触不到油面,这时可在蜗杆油上装溅油盘,以使油飞到传动体上面进行润滑。

   为了保证机盖与机座联接外密封,联接凸缘应有足够的宽度,联接表面应精刨,其表面粗糙度应不大于6.3。密封要求高的表面要经过刮研。为了提高密封性,在机座凸缘上面常铣出回油沟,使渗入凸缘联接隙面上的油重新流回机体内部。此外,凸缘联接螺栓之间的距离不宜太大,一般为150-200mm,并尽量匀称布置,以保证部分面处的密封性。

   5、机体结构要有良好的工艺性

   机体结构工艺性的好坏,对提高加工精度和装配质量、提高劳动生产率以及便于检修维护等方面,有直接影响,故应特别注意。

   1).铸造工艺的要求

    在设计铸造机体时,应考虑到铸造工艺特点,力求形状简单、壁厚均匀、过度平缓、金属不要局部积聚。

   考虑到液态金属流动的畅通性,铸件壁厚不可太薄,砂型铸造圆角半径可取。

   为了避免因冷却不均造成的内应力裂纹,机体各部分壁厚应均匀。当由较厚部分过度到教案薄部分时,应采用平缓的过度结构。

   为了避免金属积聚,不宜采用形成锐角的倾斜肋,设计机体时,应使机体外形简单,拔模方便。

   对于铸造机体,还应尽量减少沿拔模方向的凸起结构,否则在模型上就要设置活块,以减少拔模困难。当机体表面有几个凸起部分时,应尽量将其连成一体,以简化取模过程。

   机体上还应尽量避免出现狭缝,否则砂型强度不够,在取模和浇注时易形成废品。

   2).机械加工的要求

   设计结构形状时,应尽可能减少机械加工面积,以提高劳动生产率,并减少刀具磨损。为了保证加工精度并减少加工工时,应尽量减少在机械加工时工件和刀具的调整次数。

   机体的任何一处加工面与非加工面必须严格分开。与螺栓头部或螺母接触的支承面,应进行机械加工。

5.2 减速器附件设计

    为了检查传动件的啮合情况,改善传动件及轴承的润滑条件、注油、排油、指示油面、通气及装折吊运等,减速器常安置有各种附件。这些附件应按其用途设置在机体的合适位置,并要便于加工和装折。

   1、通气器

   减速器运转时,机体内温度升高,气压增大,对减速器密封极为不利。所以多在机盖顶部或窥视孔盖上安装通气器,使机体内热涨气体自由逸出,以保证机体内外压力均衡,提高机体有缝隙处的密封性能。


内容简介:
无锡太湖学院信 机系 机械工程及自动化 专业毕 业 设 计论 文 任 务 书一、题目及专题:1、题目橡胶切割机的改进设计 2、专题 二、课题来源及选题依据 本课题是由实际生产应用中提出的,并且能够达到实际要求。随着社会、经济的快速发展,橡胶制品的需求和应用越来越广泛。橡胶切割机的开发改进渐渐被国家和许多企业提上日程。由于我国在这方面的起点比较低,以前橡胶切割机大多需要从国外进口,我国的切割技术长期处于落后状态,但由于近几年来需求越来越大,考虑到经济及技术方面的情况,我国急需改变这种依附进口来实现发展的现状。随着我国经济的发展,我国切割机生产厂家也渐渐发展起来,技术也蒸蒸日上,并日臻成熟。在近几年的切割行业得到了飞速发展, 相信在不久的将来,我们就会实现在切割行业完全依靠自己的目标。在这个背景下提出了此课题。 三、本设计(论文或其他)应达到的要求: 了解橡胶切割机行业的背景、现状和发展历程; 了解电动机和减速器的选型依据; 熟练掌握带传动的选型及设计原理; 熟练掌握轴的结构设计,受力分析与计算; 掌握熟练使用AUTOcad进行的绘制相应的图纸; 四、接受任务学生: 机械97 班 姓名 曹菊菊 五、开始及完成日期:自2012年11月12日 至2013年5月25日六、设计(论文)指导(或顾问):指导教师签名 签名 签名教研室主任学科组组长研究所所长签名 系主任 签名2012年11月12日英文原文Integration of machinery with electronics technologyIntegration of machinery with electronics is one kind of compound technology, outcome , the inevitable trend being that industry of machinery and electronics develops being that the machinery technology interpenetrates with the microelectronics technology , IT.Intersection and penetration that development of modern science and technology has driven to be unlike discipline tremendously, have aroused project field technical transformation and revolution. Integration of machinery with electronics formed by penetration developing Ji Qi because of the microelectronics technology and the computer art promptness to mechanical industry in mechanical engineering field ,enormous change happened in the technological makeup , product organization , function using mechanical industry with formation , mode of production and administrative system , make a commercial run stride from machinery electrification for the characteristic development stage to have entered integration of machinery with electronics .One, integration of machinery with electronics key technologyIntegration of machinery with electronics includes the software and hardware technology in two aspects. The hardware is to be composed of parts such as the machinery body , sensor , information processing element and drive element. Therefore, be to speed up pushing forward development of integration of machinery with electronics, aspect almost sets about be obliged to from the following.machinery body technologyThe machinery body must comply with think about in several aspects such as improving a function , lightening mass and improving accuracy. Being that material gives first place to iron and steel like modern machinery product , should consider the compound material making use of a metalloid for lightening mass besides giving an improvement on structure. Only when the machinery body has lightened weight, be in the cards realizing minaturized driving system just now , then, improve fleetness respond to characteristic property , cut down energy consumption , the potentiation in controlling aspect.(2) sensory technologyThe sensor problem is concentrated on to improving reliability , sensitiveness and precision aspect , is improves reliability and is guards against a disturbance having direct relation. Disturb for avoiding an electricity , have a trend to adopt the fibre cable sensors at present. To outside information sensor, develop must contact the type detecting technology at present mainly.(3) information processing technologyIntegration of machinery with electronics and the microelectronics notability are progressive , universal information processing equipment (computer especially in miniature) application is rapid and intense be linked together. Be to develop integration of machinery with electronics further, must raise the information processing equipment reliability, reliability, and then rise that the entering including model/ number conversion equipment reliability and time division treatment loses processes speed , resolve and anti-interference and normalizing problem.(4) drive a technologyAre there exists a few problem in the electric motor as driving organization already by aspect such as adopt the fleetness respond to and efficiency, only depend on broadly. The servo developing the inside pretending to electric motor having coder and controlling special use module- sensor- electric motor Three-in-Ones at present , in course of actively drives an element(5) interface technologyCommunicate by letter for being in progress with the computer , must use hereditary data form normalizing , standardization. Information delivery and the simplification be maintained, and can not only beneficial to adopt the same standard specification design an interface. At present, the technician is concentrating efforts on the serial interface developing low cost , high speed, problem such as coming to resolve signal cable being not get in touch with-rization , standardizing as well as the fibre optics glorifying lotus root implement high-capacity , minaturized.(6) software engineering The software and the hardware must develop fittingly. Develop cost for cutting down a softwares , improve producing the efficiency being maintained,solidification ,the software engineering being carried out wanting the modularization , software program carrying out the software normalizing step by step , including the procedure standardized program, etc.Two, integration of machinery with electronics technology main part applies a fieldnumerical control machine toolNumerical control machine tool and the corresponding numerical control technology after development for 40 , prompt rise of It both , concrete behaviour are around on structure , function , operation and under the control of accuracy:1, the highway is dyadic , modular , compact the type structure , be to adopt many C PU , many host highway system structure. 2, the sex opening to the outside world designs , the be that the hardware system structure and the function module have arrangement of ideas , compatibility , in keeping with interface standard , energy high limit field improve consumer sigmatism beneficial result. 3, WOP technology and intellectualized. System can provide the programming technology being geared to the needs of workshop and realize two , San wei processes the process development simulating, and the introduction waits for intelligence mechanism under the control of in gleam, diagnosing , mixing up.4, high-capacity memory application and the software modularization design, not only having enriched the numerical control function, have reinforced at the same time also the systematic C N C control function.5, can realize much process , multichannel controls, be that damaged detecting , material flitting , machine hand etc. are under the control of all integrated have one machine tool accomplishing many independent treating missions or the cutter controlling many platforms and various machine tool ability, and will at the same time go to system middle. Systematic multistep network function 6, the ability having reinforced system combination and having composed complicated treating systematically. 7, is a controlling machine with single-board , monolithic machine , is composed of the compact structure numerical control device plus special use chip and form board.(2) Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMS)The CIMS realization is not that now having every disperses systematic simple combination, but is optimum overall situation development synthesis. It breaks the boundary line between original branch , comes to control logistics and information stream taking making as backbone , realizes the union developing , producing organic prepare an experiment , producing to production management control from managerial decisionmaking , the product. Enterprise integration level rise can make the allocation between various essential productive factors get the much better optimization , various essential productive factors potential can get bigger bringing into play.(3) flexibility fabrication system (FMS)Flexibility fabrication system is computerized fabrication system , is expected that checking , carrying voluntarily the handcart and the automatic warehouse and so on is composed of by computer , numerical control machine tool , robot mainly. It can random , the real time field, demands according to measuring field according to assembling a branchs, produce whose any ability range inner workpiece , especially be suitable for many breeds , small and medium batches , design are changed frequently straggling part batch manufacturing.(4) industry robotThe 1st also says instructions religion reproduces a robot on behalf of a robot , they can only repeat motion according to instructions religion go along , the change to the work environment and the school assignment marriage partner is short of adaptability and flexibility; The 2nd replaces a robot as well as having the sensory various advanced component , can gain the school assignment environment and simple operation marriage partner information , pass the computer treatment , analysis , make the certain judgement out, the feedback being in progress to action controls , shows vulgar intelligence, already start make for pragmatic-rization; 3rd acting robot is an intelligence robot , has various perception function, may carry out the complicated logical thinking , judge and make policy, action being independent in school assignment environment, computer relation is close with 5th generation.Three, integration of machinery with electronics technology development prospectMake a general observation of home and abroad integration of machinery with electronics present situation and the high and new technology development trend, integration of machinery with electronics will develop to several the following ellectualizedIntellectualized one of the main distinction being that integration of machinery with electronics and tradition machinery automate, is also 21 centuries integration of machinery with electronics development direction. That processor speed rise prepares PC high-performance , sensor systematically integration-rization and intelligence Hua Wei implants intelligence control algolithm over the past few years, has been creating condition , has been driving the integration of machinery with electronics product to develop to intellectualized direction forcefully. The intelligence integration of machinery with electronics product can simulate human being intelligence , have some kind of degree judgement reasonings , logical thinking and the ability making policy autonomously, part mental work replacing the manufacturing engineering go-between thereby.(2) systematization One of the systematization performance characteristic is that system system structure adopt the open type and the hipping highway structure further. System can be nimble forming state , be in progress arbitrarily pruning composes in reply combination , explores at the same time to realize much subsystem coordination under the control of and general management. Two of performance characteristic is communication function greatly sharpening, the part network realizing long-range and many system in general except that R S232 waits for communication way in common use, communicating by letter networking needing is being adopted gradually. Future integration of machinery with electronics attaches importance to the product and peoples relation especially , intelligence , emotion , human nature how to give to an integration of machinery with electronics product with person look like growing in importance. That the integration of machinery with electronics product may study some kind of new model airframe according to a little good living things body structure, makes the person develop towards living things systematization direction.(3) miniaturizationMinitype integration of machinery with electronics system has fused highly the tiny machinery technology , microelectronics technology and software engineering, are a new development direction of integration of machinery with electronics. And the geometry calling a microelectronics machinery system abroad does not exceed 1 cm like the dimension 3, the forward direction micron , nanometer level direction develop. System has volume characteristics such as small , consuming to be able to small , move nimbly since the PC electricity unifies, space and the meticulous operation being in progress easily may enter general machinery having no way to enter, have vastly applying a prospect therefore national defence waits for a field and even in aeronautics and astronautics , IT , industry and agriculture biomedicine,. Etching technology in at present, making use of a semiconductor device to create process , the machinery component already make out of Asia micron level in the laboratory.(4) modularizationModularize a developing trend being also an integration of machinery with electronics product , be important but arduous one project. Since integration of machinery with electronics product kind and the turn out manufacturer are numerous, developing and developing the integration of machinery with electronics product element having standard machinery interface , electricity interface , driving force interface , information interface is complicated but important one thing , it needs to work out a series of standard , matching and interface for the purpose of every component , element. The integration of machinery with electronics product produces enterprise but makes use of the prompt exploitation of standard element new product, can expand the scale of giving birth to a child unceasingly at the same time also.(5) beta-network-rization Network technologys development has significant effect at full speed to integration of machinery with electronics , make the person develop to network-rization direction. Integration of machinery with electronics product kind many, the way being geared to the needs of network is neither same. The long-range under the control of and surveillance technology popularizing, owing to network various since network are in the ascendant , long-range under the control of end instrument is an integration of machinery with electronics product but perse.(6) green-rizationMatter enriches developed industry messenger people , the comfortable at the same time living also makes resource fall off, the ecological environment is contaminated gravely , green product arises at the historic moment thereupon. Green-rization trend being a times, whose target is in the life cycle use entireness that the product handles from designing that , making , packing , transporting , being put into use to being declared worthless , to ecological environment nothing damage or damage is minimal , resource utilization ratio is extremely high. Integration of machinery with electronics products green-rization not contaminating an ecological environment when being to point to usage mainly, the energy reclaim makes use of when being declared worthless. Green manufacturing industry is a modern manufacturing industry sustainable development pattern. To sum up ,integration of machinery with electronics is the crystal that a lot of science and technology develops , is that social productive forces develops the necessity call for arriving at the certain stage. It urges mechanical industry occurrence strategy transforming, make tradition machinery design method and revolutionary character change being designing that the concept happens. Not only the new generation of strive to develop integration of machinery with electronics product, being to reform tradition machinery equipment call for, and be to drive machinery to replace the older generations of products by new ones and to open up the frontier , the only way developing and vitalizing mechanical industry.中文译文机电一体化技术机电一体化是一种混合技术,是机械技术与微电子技术、信息技术互相结合的产物,是机电工业发展的必然趋势。现代科学技术的发展大大地推动了不同学科的交流,引起了工程领域的技术改造与革命。在机械工程领域,由于微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展及其向机械工业的渗透所形成的机电一体化,使机械工业的技术结构、产品机构、功能与构成、生产方式及管理体系发生了巨大变化,使工业生产由“机械电气化”迈入了“机电 一体化”为特征的发展阶段。一、机电一体化的核心技术机电一体化包括软件和硬件两方面技术。硬件是由机械本体、传感器、信息处理单元和驱动单元等部分组成。因此,为加速推进机电一体化的发展,必须从以下几方面着手。 机械本体技术 机械本体必须从改善性能、减轻质量和提高精度等几方面考虑。现代机械产品一般都是以钢铁材料为主,为了减轻质量除了在结构上加以改进,还应考虑利用非金属复合材料。只有机械本体减轻了重量,才有可能实现驱动系统的小型化,进而在控制方面改善快速响应特性,减少能量消耗,提高效率。 传感技术 传感器的问题集中在提高可靠性、灵敏度和精确度方面,提高可靠性与防干扰有着直接的关系。为了避免电干扰,目前有采用光纤电缆传感器的趋势。对外部信息传感器来说,目前主要发展非接触型检测技术。 信息处理技术 机电一体化与微电子学的显著进步、信息处理设备(特别是微型计算机)的普及应用紧密相连。为进一步发展机电一体化,必须提高信息处理设备的可靠性,包括模/数转换设备的可靠性和分时处理的输入输的可靠性,进而提高处理速度,并解决抗干扰及标准化问题。 驱动技术 电机作为驱动机构已被广泛采用,但在快速响应和效率等方面还存在一些问题。目前,正在积极发展内部装有编码器的电机以及控制专用组件-传感器-电机三位一体的伺服驱动单元。 接口技术 为了与计算机进行通信,必须使数据传递的格式标准化、规格化。接口采用同一标准规格不仅有利于信息传递和维修, 而且可以简化设计。目前,技术人员正致力于开发低成本、高速串行的接口,来解决信号电缆非接触化、光导纤维以及光藕器的大容量化、小型化、标准化等问题。 软件技术 软件与硬件必须协调一致地发展。为了减少软件的研制成本,提高生产维修的效率,要逐步推行软件标准化,包括程序标准化、程序模块化、软件程序的固化、推行软件工程等。二、机电一体化技术的主要应用领域 数控机床 数控机床及相应的数控技术经过40年的发展,在结构、功能、操作和控制精度上都有迅速提高,具体表现在:1、总线式、模块化、紧凑型的结构,即采用多C PU、多主总线的体系结构。 2、开放性设计,即硬件体系结构和功能模块具有层次性、兼容性、符合接口标准,能最大限度地提高用户的使用效益。 3、W O P技术和智能化。系统能提供面向车间的编程技术和实现二、三维加工过程的动态仿真,并引入在线诊断、模糊控制等智能机制。4、大容量存储器的应用和软件的模块化设计,不仅丰富了数控功能,同时也加强了C N C系统的控制功能。5、能实现多过程、多通道控制,即具有一台机床同时完成多个独立加工任务或控制多台和多种机床的能力,并将刀具破损检测、
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