外文翻译--摆臂式垃圾车二次改装防污染

附 录 (英文文献及中英文对照 ) Swinging arm type truck second modification pollution prevention Abstract City life rubbish in transit, whether cause secondary pollution, necessary and shipment of rubbish are directly related to vehicle design structure. Such as loaded compressed type after the truck and other sealing structure can prevent rubbish endlessly picturequre scene in transit； And currently in use of swing arm garbage trucks, easy cause secondary pollution, therefore we according to the structure of swing arm modify the truck. Vehicle modified design The original car design for completely open wide type, hoisting rubbish bucket without any block structure, cabin garbage in transit endlessly picturequre scene easily. Modification scheme in the car compartment front-end department and left-right side each additional fixed windshield wallboard, adding activity type in top guide enclosures wind. The top area of about 2/3 the size of the guide enclosures wind, left-right side each small oil cylinders, open or closed guide enclosures wind. Front windscreen wallboard can stop the level and on the right direction of wind and streamlined guide enclosures wind is able to have a top vertical wind guide up and effectively solved the problem of the car endlessly picturequre scene rubbish. Guide enclosures wind and truck of swing arm mechanical motion relationship Swinging arm type truck is to rely on the swing arm before and after exercise to ascend garbage box and realize the since installed or dump. So modified design new portfolio of top mobile guide enclosures wind, fluctuation open or closed with the swing arm swinging must be between corresponding coordination, namely the mechanical motion is according to operation requirements through hydraulic system for sequence control. Vehicle load transport conditions Hydraulic system three spool reversing valve valve core is the central position, swinging arm, inlet cover working condition at rest. Vehicle dump garbage conditions Directional control valves, pulled to the right in that right valve spool central position. In hydraulic system under the effect of sequence control oil, first through Guide enclosures wind small oil cylinder full open the inlet cover, then make main cylinder push to swing arm swinging, ascending car after dumping garbage dou compartments discharge box. Or fight . Vehicle outfit garbage conditions The working conditions of the directional control valve valve core right is pushed into a central location, through hydraulic system sequence control oil make swinging arm and conducting enclosures wind mechanical motion and the aforementioned dump contrary, namely first working back swinging arm, outfit garbage dou compartments, then close ventilation hood. So far, the garbage dump vehicle from the pack complete homework. Modification of vehicle performance after the influence of modified vehicle, its structure, weight after would affect the performance of vehicles? It needs from the following two major aspects of verification. Vehicles a force sex and economy The budget of the windshield, adapted before adding area approximately 3 m2, the panels that vehicle air resistance FX increases, the formula Knowable vehicle resistance increased by 1 7.6 2 840 N, namely 180 2.9 kg. In addition in the original car windshield wallboard and add by adding Weighing about 370 kg. Two total 550 660 kg, namely for increased vehicle maximum additional load. But this loose living garbage for maximum load with vehicles 3.5 4.0 t terms still not overload (rated load 5 t), its engine power, economy still in normal use range. Vehicle safety and handling Because modified vehicle integral structure still is symmetric, former rear-axle lotus distribution within the normal range. Therefore adapted for vehicles to, not the security of the system and manipulation of brake performance produce any adverse effects. 摆臂式垃圾车二次改装防污染 摘要： 城市生活垃圾在运输途中 ,是否造成二次污染 ,必然与装运垃圾的车辆设计结构有直接关系。比如后装压缩式等密封结构的垃圾车就能防止垃圾在运输途中的撒落 ；而目前正在使用的摆臂式垃圾车 ,易造成二次污染 ,为此我们针对摆臂式垃圾车的结构进行改装。 1.车辆的改装设计 原车设计构造为完全敞开式 ,吊装的垃圾斗厢无任何遮挡结构 ,垃圾在运输途中易撒落。改装方案在车厢的前端部和左右侧各增设固定的挡风墙板 ,在顶部增设活动式导风罩。占顶部面积约 2/3 大小的导风罩 ,左右侧各一小油缸 ,开启或关闭导风罩。挡风墙板能阻挡正前方和右侧方向的水平风力 ,呈流线型的导风罩则能将顶部的垂直风力引导抛开 ,有效地解决了原车的撒落垃圾的问题。 导风罩与垃圾车摆臂的机械运动关系 摆臂式垃圾车是靠摆臂的前后运动来提升垃圾厢而实现自装或自卸的。因此改装设计新 增设的顶部活动式导风罩 ,上下开启或关闭必须与摆臂的摆动对应协调 ,即两者之间的机械运动是按作业要求通过液压系统进行顺序控制。 车辆装载运输工况 液压系统的三位四通换向控制阀阀芯处于中央位置 ,摆臂、导风罩等工作状态处于静止。 2.车辆倾卸垃圾工况 向右拉动换向控制阀 ,使右阀芯处于中央位置。在液压系统顺序控制油路的作用下 ,首选通过导风罩小油缸把导风罩全程打开 ,再使主油缸推动摆臂向车后摆动 ,提升垃圾斗厢倾倒垃圾或卸去斗厢。 3.车辆装收垃圾工况 此工况下换向控制阀的右阀芯被推入中央位置 ,通过液压系 统顺序控制油路使摆臂和导风罩的机械运动与前述的倾卸工况恰好相反 ,即首先收回摆臂 ,装收垃圾斗厢 ,然后再关闭导风罩。至此 ,车辆的垃圾自装自卸作业全部完成。 改装后对车辆性能的影响车辆经改装后 ,其结构、重量是否会对车辆的性能产生影响 ?这需要从以下两个主要方面进行验证 。 4.的支力性和经济性 经概算 ,改装增设的前挡风墙板面积约 3 ,使车辆行驶的空气阻力 FX有所