外文翻译--沥青路面的养护发展

附 录 The Development of the Conservation of Asphalt Pavement Asphalt pavement in the use of the process, constantly subject to the role of repeated traffic loads, climate impact and asphalt pavement materials, physical and chemical changes, over time, will have a pit, crack, swarming spore, subsidence, while eating, Ma surface , peeling and loose a variety of damage, if not repaired, the damage will be expanded rapidly and affect the normal passage of vehicles, and may lead to a greater degree of damage. Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicle is dedicated to timely repair the damage part of the special vehicles. Shown as an ordinary car Asphalt Pavement Maintenance. 1 Classification and function According to the nature of road paving materials, road vehicles can be divided into a comprehensive conservation Asphalt Pavement Maintenance trucks and cement trucks Pavement Maintenance two categories, this book introduces the Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Truck. Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles is divided into trailers by the way traffic and two types of self-propelled. Towed Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles are a variety of equipment and devices will be installed on the trailer chassis, the general use of self-powered engine output range of devices and equipment, from a car or tractor to the construction of sections of the conservation work carried out. Self-Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles are a variety of equipment and devices will be installed on the vehicle chassis or exclusive as the self-end, removed from the chassis host two types of motivation and self-engines. At present, the production of integrated conservation of the asphalt is the most self-propelled vehicles of. Based on the technical level of the road, the quality and quantity of the different selection of different types of Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles. High-grade highway mileage in the asphalt pavement of more than 300km for the use of large-scale conservation of self-propelled vehicles； medium-sized self-propelled vehicle for the conservation of 200-300km of high-grade asphalt pavement minor repairs, maintenance； 200km below the asphalt pavement for the use of high-grade self-small conservation of vehicles. Daily Maintenance of Asphalt Pavement in general for the use of small self-propelled or towed vehicle conservation. Asphalt Pavement Maintenance for road vehicles in addition to day-to-day tasks of conservation, but also other facilities can be used for highway maintenance, traffic engineering facilities, such as spraying and cleaning, snow removal, cleaning the road surface, cut away weeds, spraying, planting and trimming trees. 2 multi-purpose road vehicles at home and abroad overview of conservation and development trends 2.1 Overview abroad Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Machinery abroad have been a hundred years the history of high-grade highway for minor repairs of the asphalt pavement of the integrated conservation of mechanical operations have 60-a 70-year history. Them according to the functions and operations can be divided into the following. (1)With infrared heating function Pavement Maintenance car models for the United States on behalf of Thermal Power Corporation (Thermal PowerCo.) King of the road. Its most prominent feature of the old material can be recycled in situ, thereby bring about considerable savings in asphalt mixture, in favor of environmental protection and conservation of energy. At the same time, as a result of mixture with the original road is a natural joints combination of old and new roads close, you can extend the life of the new road. The model applicable to shallow holes, cracks, cracks and other damage to the handling of the asphalt pavement. The vehicle is equipped with hot-mix boxes, asphalt tanks and sprinkler systems, and infrared propane gas heater, compaction tools, waste tanks. (2)Mixture with hot boxes and broken pavement compaction tool Pavement Maintenance car model is the United States on behalf of Akzo Nobel company TP4-based integrated conservation vehicles. The more the number of vehicles in foreign countries, usually with the following equipment: 7t heat insulation material boxes, spiral out of feeder, asphalt spraying device, and vibration-ho ram broken. The models applied to patch small pit operation. (3)Jet car repair on behalf of the conservation model is the official music of the high road repair company cars, the largest high-pressure injection is characterized by the adoption of the ways in which a different charge of the emulsified asphalt and aggregate to be mixed and sprayed into the pits to deal with in to achieve the purpose of maintenance and repair of the road the car can be opened to traffic immediately. The model applies to a smaller stream of pits of repair work. (4)Comprehensive conservation repair work on behalf of car models produced LeeBoy the United States 1200-S-type of asphalt pavement repair vehicle integrated. It has a miller, spraying asphalt, paving and other features, equipped with a milling machine, paving equipment, asphalt me, hydraulic sprinkler system and asphalt-ho. The model applies to a small area of repair operations. 2.2 Overview of domestic With highway construction in Chinas rapid development, in particular, the traffic mileage of highway continues to increase, the domestic machinery of the road more and more emphasis on conservation. The 20th century, some of the 80s started a lot of companies have developed products to market. On the integrated conservation of vehicles, the domestic current owners have developed the following types of conservation. (1)TP4-based Pavement Maintenance car full hydraulic control, with storage, crushing, compaction equipment and other road maintenance equipment Yung Road, Maung. It is the introduction of the United States in Xian building auromatically Akzo Nobel technology, enterprise development by the domestic products. (2)Regeneration asphalt mixture characterized by the conservation of cars expected to regeneration with the old, old asphalt can generally through the addition of some new materials and renewable sources of new agents is expected to achieve the old shop, with a broken, regeneration, compaction equipment and other attachments. However, this equipment can not be used for high-grade renewable materials for road maintenance, the use of occasions by a lot of restrictions. (3)Heating wall with regeneration in situ conservation of vehicles on the road to soften it, harrow, Tim the new material, first-class one-stop operating pressure, energy saving, environmental protection. Both drive electric drive, there are hydraulic driven. Because development time is too short, the reliability of the product there are still large deficiencies. In addition, because the device can only use the new asphalt mixture, there is also a conservation site is not expected to work without problems. 2.3 Asphalt Pavement Maintenance of our direction of development of car Conservation equipment available in the planned economy era developed. With highway construction in Chinas rapid development. Chinas existing mechanisms for road maintenance is no longer suited to this situation, the state departments are to develop new policy and regulatory road maintenance to adapt to this change, it is foreseeable that this policy applies to the new norms of conservation equipment market will be favored . 附 录 沥青路面的养护发展 沥青路面在使用过程中，不断承受行车载荷的反复作用、气候的影响和沥青路面材料的物理化学变化，随着时间的推移，将产生坑槽、裂缝、涌包、沉陷、啃边、麻面、脱皮和松散等各种损坏，如不及时修补，这些损坏将迅速扩大，影响车辆的正常通行，并可能造成更大程度的损害。沥青路面综合养护车就是专门用于及时修补路面损害部分的专用车辆。所示为普通沥青路面综合养护车。 1、 分类及功用 根据路面铺筑材料的性质，路面综合养护车可分为 沥青路面综合养护车和水泥路面综合养护车两类，本书主要介绍沥青路面养护车。沥青路面综合养护车按行驶方式分为拖式和自行式两类。 拖式沥青路面综合养护车是将各种设备和装置安装于拖挂底盘，一般用自备发动机输出动力驱动各种装置和机具，由汽车或拖拉机牵引到施工路段进行养护作业。 自行式沥青路面综合养护车是将各种设备和装置安装于汽车底盘或专用的自行式底般，分从底盘主机取出动力和自备发动机两种。目前生产的沥青综合养护车大部分是自行式的。 依据公路技术等级、质量状况和数量的不同，选用不同类型的沥青路面综合养护车。 高等级沥青路面公路里程在 300km 以上的，适合使用自行式大型养护车；自行式中型养护车适用于 200 300km 的高等级沥青路面小修、养护； 200km 以下的高等级沥青路面适合使用自行式小型养护车。一般沥青路面日常养护适合使用小型自行式或拖式养护车。 沥青路面综合养护车除用于路面日常养护任务外，也可用于公路其他设施的维护，如交通工程设施的喷涂和清洗、除雪、清扫路面、剪除杂草、喷洒药剂，栽植和修整花草树木等。 2、多功能路面养护车国内外概况及发展趋势 2 1 国外概况 国外沥青路面养护机械已有百年的历史， 用于高等级公路的沥青路面小修作业的综合养护机械也有 60 一 70 年的历史。它们按功能和作业方式可分为以下几种 ： （ 1） 带有红外加热功能的路面综合养护车 代表机型为美国热动力公司 (Thermal PowerCo )的修路王。其最大特点是可以对旧料进行就地再生利用，从而大大节省沥青混合料，有利于环境保护和节约能源。同时，由于混合料与原有路面是自然接缝，新旧路面结合紧密，可以延长新路面的使用寿命。该机型适用于有浅层坑洼、裂缝、龟裂等损坏的沥青路面的处理。车上配备有热混合料箱、沥青箱及喷洒系统、丙烷气及红外加热器、 压实工具、废料箱等。 （ 2） 带有热混合料箱及路面破碎压实工具的