外文翻译=免耕播种机=外文翻译_第1页
外文翻译=免耕播种机=外文翻译_第2页
外文翻译=免耕播种机=外文翻译_第3页
外文翻译=免耕播种机=外文翻译_第4页
全文预览已结束

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

外文原文 No-tillage drill It is a significative mission for the persons majoring in agriculture mechanics to spread conservation agriculture, especially in the region adopting the double cropping mode. The culture condition in these areas gives some special problem to drill. For example, it is pressing to plant wheat as the follow course of maize; At that time the stalks cover is so heavy and the stalks are so flexile that the block is serious; The bushy maize root makes the earth surface too rough to drill in the no-tillage procedure; And seed bareness is familiar when adopting machines with gravity-root-broken mechanisms, etc. Presently, most native or foreign no-tillage drill can not finish the work smoothly. Designing and manufacturing row-controlled no-tillage wheat drill have been recited in this article based on the analysis and studies of the intention and principles of the conservation tillage. Nowadays the core problem is anti-blocking in the research and design of no-tillage planters domestic and abroad. Although many agricultural machine experts have made some progress, the anti-blocking problem is not solved in grain. Based on it, through classifying and analyzing the anti-blocking equipment used by no-tillage planters and its principle, contrasting their respective strongpoint and shortcoming, in the light of the mulching stalk property and the contrast of two kinds of cutting methods, the radical theory and general framework project of the sliding cutting type anti-blocking equipment are worked out. A new-concept of no-till wheat planter, named 2BMD-12 no-till row-follow wheat planter, had been developed by China Agricultural University to solve an extremely important problem which is zero tillage planting of wheat in narrow row spacing (150-200mm) between rows of very high-levels full length, standing maize stubble in one pass in the double cropping situation of North China. A powered rotary strip-chopping unit was placed forward of each single row of planter tines to ensure that the above-ground section of the planter tine is kept free from residue blockage. Field performance test of the machine demonstrated that it could be a good choice to work effectively for much of the time under more diffcult residue conditions than that most other planters could tolerate especially when it follows well between the standing maize stubble rows. But there are still some problems existing for the rotary strip-chopping unit, planting unit and ground wheels etc. The thesis focused on improving the design of the machine to solve these problems. (1)The strip-chopping axis was redesigned to reduce vibration and power consumption by adjusting the arrangement of the knives and on the basis of analyzing the forces on the axis. The improved machine can adapt to maize row spacing from 500mm to 700mm. (2)More improvements were done on the planning unit focusing on the blockage and depth control issues. A new anti-blockage mechanism, which combines the powered chopping and disc opener, was designed and tested. Fertilizer was applied using the narrow tine opener with chopping unit in front of each tine; while a double disc opener, which is proved to have high residue handling capacity, was installed right behind each tine to seed into the fertilizer furrow. This new design reduced the blockage between planting units. Meanwhile seeding depth of each row can be controlled separately by the ground feeling mechanism on each double-disc opener. So do the mode analysis in the finite element analysis software ANSYS and make appropriate remedy for the main frame and the main shaft. Get a compact firm steady model in the software interface. The block can be eliminated when the knives of pulverizes run through the abutted furrow opener stems. The problem of rough seeding bed is avoided in the use of row controlled method. It is more appropriate to the definition of conservative tillage for disturbing less soil. Seeding and fertilization can be finished in the single course in the field with average cover degree of 4kg/ . and all maize standing. It can save time, increase soil fertility, lessen the working procedure to use the drill. Finally, it will reduce the agriculture input. 外文资料翻译译文 免耕播种机 在我国广大一年两熟地区大力推广保护性耕作是目前该地区农机工作者的重要任务之一,其意义深远。而一年两 熟的耕作方式却给免耕播种带来了若干问题,如玉米收获后播种小麦工作的农时紧张,此时由于秸秆和杂草的覆盖量大且韧性强,播种过程中容易造成拥堵 ;玉米根茬发达致使耕作阻力大 ;采用单圆盘式开沟器的机具又会出现晾种现象等。目前国内外的多种小麦免耕播种机都不能很好的适应我国一年两熟耕作制度的需要。在认真体会保护性耕作技术的原理与要求后,针对以上诸多问题,设计制造适用于我国一年两熟地区的小麦对行免耕播种机。 目前,国内外免耕播种机研制中存在的核心问题是免耕播种机的清草排堵问题。尽管国内外农机专家在免耕播种机的研制中取得了一 定的成绩,已应用的排堵方法和防堵装置类型各异,但都未从根本上解决这一问题。通过对以往国内外免耕播种机所采用的防堵装置及其工作原理的分类和分析,对比了它们各自的优缺点,结合免耕地覆盖秸秆的生物力学特性和切割方式的对比分析,在此基础上构想出了滑切式清草排堵装置的基本原理和总体结构设计方案。 针对一年两熟地区夏玉米整秆覆盖下免耕直播冬小麦播种机易产生堵塞这一难题,中国农业大学提出了对行播种思路,研制了 2BMD-12 型小麦对行免耕施肥播种机。该机通过粉碎刀轴打碎玉米秸秆和田间杂草,在玉米行间播种小麦,为解决堵塞问题 提供了一种可行方案。 田间试验表明,该机还存在粉碎刀轴不可调、振动大,播种机构易奎堵,地轮滑移率大等问题,需进一步改进完善。本文针对这些技术问题对该机进行了改进研究 : (1)通过刀座的合理排列及对刀轴的强度校核与振动分析,改进设计了可调粉碎刀轴。刀座采用类似双螺旋线排列,从理论上保证了动平衡,通过调整粉碎刀轴的刀片在刀座上的位置,播种机能满足 550 - 700mm 行距 ; (2)对播种机构进行了改进,设计了动力驱动粉碎刀轴与圆盘开沟器组合的防堵机构。采用短翼尖角开沟器破茬开沟并施肥,紧随其后的圆盘开沟器在 肥沟上开沟播种,动力驱动粉碎刀轴在尖角开沟器前排堵,有效地解决了原样机相邻两组种管之间的奎堵问题 :设计了单圆盘和双圆盘两种播种单体,通过田间防堵性能试验选择了双圆盘播种单体 ;施肥开沟器为整体仿形,而双圆盘播种镇压单体采用平行四连杆单体仿形,能够有效控制播种深度,播深一致性好。 在设计过程中对机架和主轴在有限元分析软件 ANSYS 环境下进行

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论