微生物复习题具答案

test 13360 development of microbiologyMultiple-choice:1.the fundamental unit of all living organisms is the :A.membrane b . cellc . nucleus d . cell anis ms that do not contains a true nucles are referred to as :A.fungib。eukaryotic c . prokaryotic d . nankaryotic3.three kingdom class ification system of organis ms was proposed by :A.pasteur b . bacon c . winograd SKD . woese4.fungi differ from bacteria in a number of character istics。the cell walls in fungi are composed of，while the cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidogly canA.chitin b . phospolipid s c . proteneind . Glu cosamine5.the first microscopes were developed by :A.ehrlichb . metrchnikoff c . leewen Hoek d . lister6.the term antiotic means :A.a substance produced by the laboratory that kils or inhibits other microorganismB.a substance produced by microorganism s that kils or inhibits moldsC.a substance produced by microorganism that kils or inhibits other microorganismD.a substance produced by microorganism that kils or inhibits cancercells7.the genetic material of a bacteria is localted in the moleule :A.RNA B. DNA C. protein D. lipidFILL IN BLANKS:1.organis ms that contains a true nucleus are called _ eukaryotic _ _ _ _ _2.bacteria do not have a true nucleus and are consired _ prokaryotic _ _ _ _ _3.bacteria can be divided into two groups，the _ archaea and the _ eu bacteria _。4._ ana erobes _ are organisms that can grow without using molectional oxygen。5.microor ganism that can synthesize complex organic compounds from CO2 are called _ autotroph _。6._ phototroph s are microor ganism that obtain their energy to synthesize organic compounds from light .7.杂波require organic compounds for anis ms that survive only at very high temperatures are referred to as _ thermo phile _。9._ methan is ogen _ are organisms that produce methane from CO2。10._ halo phile _ _ _ _ organisms grow under conditions of high salinity。11.欧盟bacteria can exhibit a number of morphological shapes。identify four :a。_ spherical or cocci _ _ _ _ _ b . _ cylindrical or rod _ _ _ _ c . _ spirals _ _ _ _ b12.fungi，alge and protozoa can be differentiate d from bacteria by the following character istic 3360 _ eukaryotic _ _ _ _13.fungi have cell wall conisting of _ chitin _ _ _ _ _ _。14.viruses conist of _ nucleic acid _ _ _ _ surrounded by a protenin coat。15.the process used to reduce the number of viable organisms by moderate heating is called : _ pasteurization _。18.an _ antiotic _ _ _ _ _ is a substance produced by microorganism that inhibits or killels other microorganism。19.the process of stimulating the immune defenses of the body is referred to as _ _ immunization _ _ _。20.a substance in serum that can neutralize foreign material is refered to as _ antitox in _ _ _ or _ _ antody _ _ _22.exchange of genetic information by direct contact is referred to as _ _ conjugation _ _ _ _。23._ thans formation _ _ _ _ is the process in which DNA is transferred from one bacteria to another。L.Anton LeeuwenhoekA.immunization2.路易斯帕斯特urB.three kingdom class ification based on rrna3.罗伯特科赫C structure of DNA4.亚历山大弗莱明D.first microscope5.Edward JennerE.rabies vaccine6.华生和克里克F.penicillin7.Carl WoeseG.establish that bacteria can cause diseaseTest 23360组织和结构of microorganism2.the arrangement of protenes and lipds in the membrane is referred to as the :A.bilayer model b . fluid mosaic model c . trilayer model d . permeable model3.the movement of water mole culas across the membrane in response to a concentration gradient is referred to as 3360A.diffusion b . OS mosis c . translocation d . transport4.the membrane of a cell is able to differentiate moleges that enter or exit the cell and act as a _ _ barrier。A.semi permanent b . seme transparent c . seme permeable d . semi diffuse5.movement of moleges at an enhanced rate across the membrane is called :A.faclitated diffusion b . passive diffusion c . osmosis d . permeation6.which of the following mechanisms transports moleges with chemical alteration？a . active transport b . group translocation c . faclitated diffusion d . binding protene transport7.which of the following transport mechanisms occurs only in prokary otes？A.active transport b . group translocationC.faclitated diffusion d . binding protening transport8.lysozyme and pen cillin have activity against against the cell wall。lysozyme breaks this componentPencillin prevents itformation。A.lippolicyacceharide b . phospheric id c . peptidoglycan d . teich OIC acid9.partial destruction of the cell wall with lysozyme leaves a cell called a :A.protoplast b . spheros c . peri plasmd . capsule10.DNA transfers information to make protenins in molectiles referred to as :A.iRNA B. mRNA C. rRNA D. tRNA11.the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)Is a membran nous structure within eukaryotic cells。it is the site for protenn synthesis and for storage and transportation of molleges out of the cel . which part of the er is used for protein synthesisA.golgi apparatus b . rough er c . smoother d . microbody12.gram-positive bacteria can be differentiate d from gram-negative bacteria since the peptidogly can layer comprises _ _ _ _ _A.90 B. 50 C. 30 D.1013.which of the following is not found in all bacterial cell？A.cell membrane b . a nu Cleo id c . ribbosomes d . capsule14.pili are tub