数值数组及其运算

数值数组及其运算21引导【例211】绘制函数在时的曲线（见图211）。XEY10X0011YXEXPXPLOTX,Y,XLABELX,YLABELY,TITLEYXEXPXXCOLUMNS1THROUGH70010000200003000040000500006000COLUMNS8THROUGH1107000080000900010000YCOLUMNS1THROUGH70009050163702222026810303303293COLUMNS8THROUGH11034760359503659036796Y图21122一维数组的创建和寻访221一维数组的创建（1）逐个元素输入法X2PI/2SQRT335IX2000015708173213000050000I（2）冒号生成法（3）定数线性采样法222一维数组的子数组寻访和赋值【例221】子数组的寻访（ADDRESS）。RANDSTATE,0XRAND1,5X0950102311060680486008913X3ANS06068X125ANS095010231108913X13ANS095010231106068X3ENDANS060680486008913X311ANS060680231109501XFINDX05ANS095010606808913X12344321ANSCOLUMNS1THROUGH709501023110606804860048600606802311COLUMN809501【例222】子数组的赋值（ASSIGN）。X30X095010231100486008913X1411X10000023110100000891323二维数组的创建231直接输入法【例231】在MATLAB环境下，用下面三条指令创建二维数组C。A27358B33/79C1,2AIB,BSQRTASINPI/4,A5B,35IC100005471604177I0690907071482443500010000I【例232】复数数组的另一种输入方式。M_R1,2,34,5,6,M_I11,12,1314,15,16CNM_RIM_IM_R123456M_I111213141516CN10000110000I20000120000I30000130000I40000140000I50000150000I60000160000I232利用M文件创建和保存数组【例233】创建和保存数组AM的MYMATRIXM文件。MYMATRIXMCREATIONANDPRESERVATIONOFMATRIXAMAM101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109201,202,203,204,205,206,207,208,209301,302,303,304,305,306,307,308,30924二维数组元素的标识241“全下标”标识242“单下标”标识243“逻辑1”标识【例241】找出数组中所有绝对值大于3的元素。534204AAZEROS2,5A45LABSA3ISLOGICALLXALA4202431135L1000100001ANS1X44525二维数组的子数组寻访和赋值【例251】不同赋值方式示例。AZEROS2,4A00000000A18A13572468S235ASSA102030ASSAANS235SA102030A12030710468A,23ONES2A11171011826执行数组运算的常用函数261函数数组运算规则的定义262执行数组运算的常用函数27数组运算和矩阵运算271数组运算和矩阵运算指令对照汇总【例271】两种不同转置的比较CLEARAZEROS2,3A16AA1IA_AAA_MAA1000010000I3000030000I5000050000I2000020000I4000040000I6000060000IA_A1000010000I2000020000I3000030000I4000040000I5000050000I6000060000IA_M1000010000I2000020000I3000030000I4000040000I5000050000I6000060000I28标准数组生成函数和数组操作函数281标准数组生成函数【例281】标准数组产生的演示。ONES1,2ANS11RANDNSTATE,0RANDN2,3ANS043260125311465166560287711909DEYE3D100010001DIAGDANS111DIAGDIAGDANS100010001282数组操作函数【例282】RESHAPE的使用演示。A44ARESHAPEA,3,3A432101234A412303214【例283】数组转置、对称交换和旋转操作后果的对照比较。AA412303214AANS432101234FLIPUDAANS214303412FLIPLRAANS214303412【例284】演示KRONECKER乘法不具备“可交换规律”。BEYE2CRESHAPE14,2,2B1001C1324KRONB,CANS1300240000130024KRONC,BANS103001032040020429数组构作技法综合【例291】数组的扩展。ARESHAPE19,3,3A147258369A5,5111A147002580036900000000000111A,6222A147002222580022236900222000002220000111222AAA,16,16AA147002221470022225800222258002223690022236900222000002220000022200001112220000111222BONES2,6B111111111111AB_RABAB_R147002222580022236900222000002220000111222111111111111AB_CA,B,15AB_C1470022211258002221136900222110000022211000011122211【例292】单下标寻访和RESHAPE指令演示。CLEARARESHAPE116,2,8A13579111315246810121416RESHAPEA,4,4ANS15913261014371115481216S0A00570013152400101200【例293】逻辑函数的运用示例。RANDNSTATE,1,RRANDN3,6R086440873511027016840552306149009420438003962196540819702546085190429709649074431109102698LABSR15L000100111101010001RL0R0864408735110270055230614900000819700851900964907443110910SFINDR0S256810111718RS111R0864408735110271110000055230614911100001110000111000011100000819711100000851911100000964907443110911110000II,JJFINDR111DISPII,DISPJJ2232122312234466210高维数组2101高维数组的创建【例2101】“全下标”元素赋值方式创建高维数组演示。A2,2,21A,10000A,20001B2,5,13B,10000000001B,20000000002B,30000000003【例2102】低维数组合成高维数组。CLEAR,AONES2,3A,2ONES2,32A,3ONES2,33A,1111111A,2222222A,3333333【例2103】由函数ONES,ZEROS,RAND,RANDN直接创建标准高维数组的示例。RANDSTATE,1111,RAND2,4,3ANS,10627809748025850694902544023050031301223ANS,20488903898084890058709138030710426006331ANS,30280202073074380271404051020330456602421【例2104】借助CAT,REPMAT,RESHAPE等函数构作高维数组。CAT3,ONES2,3,ONES2,32,ONES2,33ANS,1111111ANS,2222222ANS,3333333REPMATONES2,3,1,1,3ANS,1111111ANS,2111111ANS,3111111RESHAPE112,2,2,3ANS,11324ANS,25768ANS,391110122102高维数组的标识【例2105】维数、大小和长度CLEARARESHAPE124,2,3,4DIM_ANDIMSASIZE_ASIZEAL_ALENGTHADIM_A3SIZE_A234L_A42103高维数组构作和操作函数汇总【例2106】“孤维”的撤消和降维。ARESHAPE118,2,3,3A,1135246A,2791181012A,3131517141618BCAT4,A,1,A,2,A,3B,1,1135246B,1,2791181012B,1,3131517141618SIZEBANS2313CSQUEEZEBC,1135246C,2791181012C,3131517141618SIZECANS233【例2107】赋“空阵”值操作。ARESHAPE118,2,3,3A,1135246A,2791181012A,3131517141618A,23,BAA,112A,278A,31314SIZEAANS213A_1SQUEEZEAA_117132814SIZEBANS213B,1,BEMPTYARRAY2BY0BY3211“非数”和“空”数组2111非数NAN【例2111】非数的产生和性质演示。A0/0,B0LOG0,CINFINFWARNINGDIVIDEBYZEROANANWARNINGLOGOFZEROBNANCNAN0A,SINAANSNANANSNANCLASSAISNANAANSDOUBLEANS1【例2112】非数元素的寻访RANDSTATE,0RRAND2,5R1,5NANR2,3NANR09501060680891304565NAN0231104860NAN0018504447ISNANRANS0000100100LINEAR_INDEXFINDISNANRR_INDEX,C_INDEXIND2SUBSIZER,LINEAR_INDEXDISPR_INDEXC_INDEX,DISPR_INDEXC_INDEXLINEAR_INDEX69R_INDEXC_INDEX23152112“空”数组【例2113】关于“空”数组的算例。A,BONES2,0,CZEROS2,0,DEYE2,0,FRAND2,3,0,4ABEMPTYMATRIX2BY0CEMPTYMATRIX2BY0DEMPTYMATRIX2BY0FEMPTYARRAY2BY3BY0BY4CLASSAISNUMERICAISEMPTYAANSDOUBLEANS1ANS1WHICHANDIMSASIZEAAISAVARIABL