外文翻译--液压传动控制.doc

附录一英文文献：Hydraulictransmissioncontrolisoftenusedinindustry,akindofcontrolmode,itadoptshydrauliccompletedtheprocessofenergy.Becausehydraulictransmissioncontrolmodeofflexibilityandconvenience,hydrauliccontrolinindustrybyextensiveattention.Hydraulictransmissionisresearchtohavepressurefluidforenergymedium,toachievevariousmachineandautomaticcontrolsubjects.Hydraulictransmissionusingthiskindofelementtoallkindsofcontrolcircuitneededsomeloop,againbyorganiccombinationbecomecompletionofacertaincontrolfunctionsoftransmissionsystemtocompleteenergytransferandconversionandcontrol.Fromtheprinciplespeaking,hydraulictransmission,basedonthebasicprinciple,thatis,theprincipleisPASCALpressureofthefluidisconsistentthroughoutthebalance,sothatinthesystem,thesmallerthepistontoppressuresaresmall,andbigonthepistonisalsogreatpressurefrom,thismaintainstheliquidstatic.Sothroughtheliquidtransfer,cangetdifferentservethedifferentpressure,whichcanachievethepurposeofatransformation.Wehavecommontothehydraulicjackistousethisprincipletoachievepowertransfer.Hydraulictransmissionprincipleofhydraulicdriveneededelementsaremainlypowercomponents,actuators,controlelements,auxiliarycomponentsetc.Includinghydraulicpowercomponentsisforhydraulicsystemproducesthepowercomponents,includingvarioushydraulicpump.Hydraulicpumprelyonvolumevariationprincipleforthejob,andsoarealsocommonlycalledvolumehydraulicpump.Gearpumpisthemostcommonkindofhydraulicpump,itthroughthegearsturningtwomeshcampaignmakesaliquid.Otherhydraulicpumpandvanepump,pistonpump,intheselectionofhydraulicmajorproblemsneedingattentionincludeenergyconsumption,efficiency,reducenoise.Hydraulicactuatorsisusedtoexecutewillprovidehydraulicpumpcanturnintomechanicaldevice,mainlyincludinghydrauliccylinderandhydraulicpressuremotor.Hydraulicmotorisworkingwithhydraulicpumptodotheoppositeofthedevice,namelythehydraulicenergyconversion,whichiscalledtheforeignpowerenergy.Hydrauliccontrolelementsareusedtocontroltheflowoffluiddirection,pressureandtheheightofthesizeoftheexpectedtoflowcontrol,tomeetthespecificrequirements.Justbecauseofthehydrauliccontrolcomponentsflexibility,makesthehydrauliccontrolsystemcanaccomplishofdifferentactivities.Hydrauliccontrolelementsaccordingtousecanbedividedintopressurevalves,flowcontrolvalves,directioncontrolvalves.Accordingtotheoperationmodecanbedividedintohumanmanoeuvringvalve,mechanicalmanipulationmethod,electricmanoeuvringvalve,etc.Inadditiontotheabovecomponentsoutside,hydrauliccontrolsystemneedhydraulicauxiliarycomponents.Thesecomponentsincludingpipeandtubefittings,oiltank,filters,accumulatorandsealingdevices.Throughtheaboveeachdevice,wecanbuildahydrauliccircuits.Theso-calledhydraulicloopthroughvarioushydrauliccomponentsisthecorrespondingcontrolcircuit.Accordingtothedifferentcontroltarget,wecandesigndifferentcircuit,suchaspressurecontrolcircuit,speedcontrolcircuit,multi-cylinderworkcontrolcircuit,etc.Accordingtothestructureandcharacteristicsofhydraulicdriveinhydraulicsystemdesign,system,thefirsttoanalysis,then,theprinciplediagramworked,includingsystemwiththisprinciplechartisthesymbolofhydraulicmachinery.Throughcalculatingchoosehydraulicdeviceafterthecompletesystem,andthenagainthedesignanddebug.Inthisprocess,theprinciplechartdrawingisthemostcritical.Itdecidedtoadesignsystemoftheprosandcons.Hydraulictransmissionappliedisstrong,suchasloadingandunloadingDuiMamachinehydraulicsystem,whichisusedasastoragemachinery,inmodernwarehouseuseittoachievetextilesbag,oil,barrelandothergoodsofloadingandunloadingmechanizationwork.Canalsobeusedinuniversalcylindricalgrinderhydraulicsystem,productionpractice.Thesystemischaracteristicofpowerislarger,theproductionefficiencyishigher,stabilityisbetter.Hydraulicasawideapplicationtechnology,inthefutureisabroadprospect.Alongwiththedevelopmentofcomputer,hydrauliccontrolsystemcanandintelligentcontroltechnology,computercontroltechnology,technology,sothattheycancombineinmoreplaces,alsocanplaytheroleinmoresophisticated,moreflexibilitytoaccomplishitscontroltasks译文：液压传动控制是工业中经常用到的一种控制方式，它采用液压完成传递能量的过程。因为液压传动控制方式的灵活性和便捷性，液压控制在工业上受到广泛的重视。液压传动是研究以有压流体为能源介质，来实现各种机械和自动控制的学科。液压传动利用这种元件来组成所需要的各种控制回路，再由若干回路有机组合成为完成一定控制功能的传动系统来完成能量的传递、转换和控制。从原理上来说，液压传动所基于的最基本的原理就是帕斯卡原理，就是说，液体各处的压强是一致的，这样，在平衡的系统中，比较小的活塞上面施加的压力比较小，而大的活塞上施加的压力也比较大，这样能够保持液体的静止。所以通过液体的传递，可以得到不同端上的不同的压力，这样就可以达到一个变换的目的。我们所常见到的液压千斤顶就是利用了这个原理来达到力的传递。液压传动基本原理液压传动中所需要的元件主要有动力元件、执行元件、控制元件、辅助元件等。其中液压动力元件是为液压系统产生动力的部件，主要包括各种液压泵。液压泵依靠容积变化原理来工作，所以一般也称为容积液压泵。齿轮泵是最常见的一种液压泵，它通过两个啮合的齿轮的转动使得液体进行运动。其他的液压泵还有叶片泵、柱塞泵，在选择液压泵的时候主要需要注意的问题包括消耗的能量、效率、降低噪音。液压执行元件是用来执行将液压泵提供的液压能转变成机械能的装置，主要包括液压缸和液压马达。液压马达是与液压泵做相反的工作的装置，也就是把液压的能量转换称为机械能，从而对外做功。液压控制元件用来控制液体流动的方向、压力的高低以及对流量的大小进行预期的控制，以满足特定的工作要求。正是因为液压控制元器件的灵活性，使得液压控制系统能够完成不同的活动。液压控制元件按照用途可以分成压力控制阀、流量控制阀、方向控制阀。按照操作方式可以分成人力操纵阀、机械操纵法、电动操纵阀等。除了上述的元件以外，液压控制系统还需要液压辅助元件。这些元件包括管路和管接头、油箱、过滤器、蓄能器和密封装置。通过以上的各个器件，我们就能够建设出一个液压回路。所谓液压回路就是通过各种液压器件构成的相应的控制回路。根据不同的控制目标，我们能够设计不同的回路，比如压力控制回路、速度控制回路、多缸工作控制回路等。根据液压传动的结构及其特点，在液压系统的设计中，首先要进行系统分析，然后拟定系统的原理图，其中这个原理图是用液压机械符号来表示的。之后通过计算选择液压器件，进而再完成系统的设计和调试。这个过程