外文翻译--葡萄酒厂设计.doc

附录WineryDesignBuildingaWineryisbothandartandascience.Agreatwineryneedstoefficientandappealingatthesametime.Thefightformarketshareisoftenwoninthetastingroom,nottheliquorstore.ThestrongdemandforBCwineisdrivinglotsofnewwinerystartupsandenticingvineyardownerstoshifttheirbusinessmodelintostartingawinebusiness.Thisstorywilldiscusssomeofthekeyconsiderationsinthedesignprocess.1.Understandyourmission.Thewineryshouldreflectthemissionstatementofthewinebusinessandbeareflectionoftheterroir,customerbase,winemakingstyle,growthplansandbrandimage.MissionHillEstateWineryisagoodexampleofabusinesswhotakesa“nothingbutthebest”approach.Thiswineryhasbecomemagnetfortouristsandwineloversandwillensurethebrandsarewellrecognized。2.Defineyourfuturecapacity.Everygoodwinebusinessshouldhaveabusinessplanthatdescribesthefuturegrowthplansalongwithsalesforecasts,winemakingphilosophyandwinemakingtechniques.Theeventualsalesgoalsforthebusinessoverafiveortenyearhorizonwilldeterminethedesignandthereforebudgetforthebuilding.Itisalwayseasierandcheapertomakethebuildingenvelopebiggerinitiallyandaddequipmentlaterthantotakeoutwallsandceilingswhenthebuildingbecomestoosmallfortherequiredproduction.Somegoodrulesofthumbaretoallow3000squarefeetfora2000casewinery,5000squarefeetfora4000casewineryand7500squarefeetfora10,000casewinery.Everywinerywillbedifferentdependingontheproductionmix.Forexample,wineriesheavilyweightedtomakehighendredwineswillneedmorespacethanawineryfocusedonwhitewines,sincebarrelsfullofredwinetakeupmorespaceovertimethanwhitewineswhichwillturnfasterandmaynotbewoodaged.3.Seekharmonywiththeenvironment.Awinerybuildingshouldbepartofthelandscape.Afrequentlyusedtechniqueistobuildaportionofthebuildingintoahillsidetoallowforgravityfedwinehandlingandtotakeadvantageofthenaturaltemperaturecontrolaffordedbytheearth.Barrelcavesareatimehonoredelementofwinerydesignthatmakessenseforproperbarrelstorage,butalsoistremendouslyinterestingforconsumers.Ensuringagoodpotablewatersupplyandameanstodealwithwineryeffluentandsolidwasteresponsiblywillinfluencebuildingplacementaswell.Theplacementofthecrushpadiscriticaltoprotectthefruitandtheworkersprocessingit.Thecrushpadshouldbeshelteredfromwind,rainandsun,yetstillaccessibletothevehiclesbringinginthecrop.Neighborhoodvaluesareimportantaswellassupportfromtheneighbors,localcouncilorplannersandotherwinerieswillbecriticaltosuccessandmayberequiredbeforeyouevenstart.Visualizationisanimportanttooltousetoseehowthedesignwillworkinaspatialsense.TheuseoffoamcoremodelsorAutoCADdrawingswith3Danalysiswillhighlightdesignproblemsnotapparentfromaflatlinedrawing.4.Buildagreatprojectteam.Thekeypeopleonadesignteamforawineryare:thearchitectwhowillcreatethebuildingconcept,thestructuralengineerwillmakesurethestructurethatspringsfromthedesignissoundandefficient,thewinemakerorwineconsultant,whowilldefinetheprocessflow,interactionofspacesandequipmentneedsbasedonwinemakingstyle,theContractor,whobuildthestructuretothedesignspecifications,hopefullyontimeandonbudgetandaProjectManager,whokeepsalltheegosincheckandkeeptheprojectontimeandonbudget.Dependingonthesizeofthewinery,eachteammembercanwearseveralhats.Thetwomostimportantelementsforsuccessarefirstlytogettheteamtogetherearlyinthedesignphaseandensurefrequentandhighqualitycommunicationandsecondly,visitLOTSofwineries,notjustinyourregion,andinterviewpeopletobroadenyourunderstanding.Theschooloflifeisawaybetterteacherthananytextbook,soIcantstressenoughthimportanceoflearningfromotherpeoplesmistakesandsuccesses.5.MakeitEfficient.Thebestwaytoensureanefficientlayoutanddesignistospendtimeonmockupsandconsideralltheoptionsinthewinemaking.Thetimespentonresearchatthisstagewillpaydividends.Anotherusefultechniqueistomakealargescalefloorplanandplaceexactscalecutoutsoftheequipmentontheplan.Youcanthenvarytheconfigurationtofindtheoptimumlayout.Flipchartsandpostitnotesaregreatforthisexercise.ThiscanbedoneonAutoCADaswellifyouhavethiscapability.Remembertoaddclearancesforforklifttravel,breathingspacefornaturalventilation(oftenaccomplishedbyceilingheight).Usingbuildingtechniquesthatconserveenergywillpaydividendslater.Someexampleswouldbe:tousenorthsouthorientationtoreduceheatloadinsummer,usingsmallerwindowstolowerheatingcostsandenergyefficientlighting.Onethemostoverlookedaspectsisadequatedrainageandfloorslopes.Agreatwaytostealtimefromyourcellarhandsforyearstocomeistomakeaflatfloorwithpoordrainageanddoomthepoorsoultohoursofpushingwater!Agoodruleofthumbisoneinchofslopeforevery8-10feet.6.ReachHigh!Agreatwinerydesigndoesnotalwayshavetobethemostexpensive.Carefulconsiderationofslopecontours,processflowandcustomerinteractionaregreatwaystobuildsweatequityintoaproject.Ofcourse,greatwineriesareoftenhousedingreatbuildingsthatdefinethebrandforyearstocome.Phasingtheprojectovertimetomatchavailableresourcesisthebestwaytogo,unlesscapitalisplentiful.AfewexamplesthatcometomindareBurrowingOwlEstateWinery,whoonlyrecentlybuiltaovernightstaycomponentaftermanyyearsinbusinessandTinhornCreekWinery,whorecentlyannouncedajointventurewithLeGavrocherestauranttobuildarestaurantontheirOliverpropertyforasummer2008opening.Winepropertiesareappreciatingstronglyeveryyear,soasignaturebuildingisagreatinvestmentforthelongterm,aswellasleavingagreatlegacy.葡萄酒厂设计建立一个葡萄酒厂既是一门艺术,又是一门科学。一个伟大的葡萄酒厂在同一时间内需要有效率和有吸引力的并存。争取市场份额往往是赢了品酒房间,而不是品尝酒商店。公元前酒的强劲的市场需求正推动着许多新酒庄的主人的不间断电源和诱人的葡萄园开始转移到他们的商业模式开始一个葡萄酒业务。这个故事将讨论在进行设计过程的几个关键问题。1.了解你的使命。葡萄酒庄应该反映葡萄酒的企业使命声明，并成为业务和地域特色的一种反映酿酒风格，客户群,酿酒风格,扩展计划和品牌形象。希尔房地产酒庄的就是一个很好的商业例子,一个商业信念”用最好的东西”。这个酒厂已成为游客和葡萄酒爱好者的磁铁，并会确保品牌是众所周知的。2.定义你的未来能力。每一家优秀的葡萄酒企业应该有一个商业计划,它描述了未来发展计划及相应伴随着的销售预测,酿酒哲学和酿酒技术。最终销售目标为企业在五年或十年将决定地平线的建筑和设计预算。相对于当建筑物对于所必需的生产规模太小时扩建厂房和增加天花板高度，制造成本更低的围护结构和添加设备总是更加容易和便宜。一些很好的经验规则是用实际3000平方英尺来代替设计为2000平方英尺的葡萄酒厂，5000平方英尺代替设计时的4000平方英尺和10000平方英尺代替设计时的7500平方英尺葡萄酒厂。每一个酿酒厂将是不同的,这取决于产品的组合。例如,葡萄酒厂着重高端红酒将比酿酒厂集中于白葡萄酒需要更大的空间,因为随着时间的过去，桶充满红酒比白葡萄酒占用更多的空间,因为白酒桶旋转更快并且可能不是更老的木材。3寻求与环境的和谐。酿酒厂的建筑物应该是风景线的一部分。一个常用的方法是建立一个部分的建筑在一个山坡上,允许葡萄酒重力处理，并利用由地球所提供的自然温度控制优势。洞穴是第一次光荣桶酒庄为适当的摆放桶而定的设计元素，这是有道理的,而且是极其吸引消费者兴趣的。确保良好的食水供应和处理污水和固体废物的手段，酒厂负责安置建筑物以及影响。压碎垫的位置是非常关键的，它保护水果让工人们处理它。赶工垫应该避开风、雨,但仍应接近车辆带来的农作物。附近的价值观都是重要的,以及支持当地的委员会或邻居,规划者和其他葡萄酒厂将是成功的关键,并可能被要求在开始之前。邻里值是重要的，以及从邻居，规划者和地方议会或其他酒厂获得的支持将是成功的关键，并可能被要求在开始之前。可视化应作为一种重要的工具来使用,看看怎样将工作设计在一个空间的感觉里。核心模型的使用或运用三维设计分析的AutoCAD绘图使用将比平线图更明显的突出问题。4建立一个伟大的项目团队。人们在设计的关键是:酿酒团队的建筑师将创造建筑概念、结构工程师会确保弹簧的结构从设计是合理和有效的,葡萄酒顾问则将定义的工艺流程、互动的空间和设备需求基于酿酒风格而定,承包商建造了结构设计规范及对时间和预算，项目经理能够完成所有的自我检查并使项目保持时间和财政预算的方案。根据葡萄酒厂的尺寸,每个小组成员可以分配